nginx介绍,nginx安装，配置nginx默认虚拟主机，nginx用户认证，域名重定向

nginx介绍

Nginx安装

安装包官网找最新的。

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx

cd nginx

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

make && make install

vim /etc/init.d/nginx 建立并配置启动脚本

#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() 
{
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
stop() 
{
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
    stop
    start
}
configtest()
{
    $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
    return 0
}
case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  reload)
        reload
        ;;
  restart)
        restart
        ;;
  configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
        RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx 

chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on

进入nginx目录下

[root@g_linux01 nginx-1.14.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@g_linux01 conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf            koi-win             scgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default    mime.types          scgi_params.default
fastcgi_params          mime.types.default  uwsgi_params
fastcgi_params.default  nginx.conf          uwsgi_params.default
koi-utf                 nginx.conf.default  win-utf

默认conf下会有配置文件，先备份一下mv nginx.conf nginx.conf1，在从新写一个配置文件
vim nginx.conf

user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
    server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
    log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
    ' $host "$request_uri" $status'
    ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 30;
    client_header_timeout 3m;
    client_body_timeout 3m;
    send_timeout 3m;
    connection_pool_size 256;
    client_header_buffer_size 1k;
    large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
    request_pool_size 4k;
    output_buffers 4 32k;
    postpone_output 1460;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    client_body_buffer_size 256k;
    client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
    proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
    fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 4 8k;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm 
    application/xml;
    server
    {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html;
        location ~ \.php$ 
        {
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
        }    
    }
}

user nobody nobody; 定义访问目录的身份是谁

worker_processes 2; 子进程有2个

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;最多能够打开多少个文件

events
{
    use epoll;// 使用epoll
    worker_connections 6000;//最大链接数
}

    server //设置服务
    {
        listen 80;  端口
        server_name localhost; 域名
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html; 网站根目录
        location ~ \.php$   //配置解析php
        {
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;

            若是监听ip这样写fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
        }    
    }

 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t检测有误错误

/etc/init.d/nginx start启动(若是httpd开启，先关掉，端口冲突)
测试一下

[root@glinux-01 conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
[root@glinux-01 conf]# curl 127.0.0.1/1.php
welcome nginx[root@glinux-01 conf]#

配置nginx默认虚拟主机

先将nginx.conf 中server部分删掉，添加include vhost/*.conf;

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost

cd !$;vim aaa.conf 编辑aaa.conf

server
{
    listen 80 default_server;
    server_name aaa.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/default;
}

    listen 80 default_server; 监听端口80，有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机
    server_name aaa.com; 
    index index.html index.htm index.php;指定索引页
    root /data/wwwroot/default; 网站目录

 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  检查有无语法错误

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 从新加载

测试。

在vhost中，哪一个在第一个conf，哪一个就是默认虚拟主机，或者有default_server标记的conf

nginx用户认证

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/test.com;
    location  /
    {
      auth_basic           "Auth";
      auth_basic_user_file  /user/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
    }
}

  location  /              （全局认证，若是想指定某个目录能够这样写/admin，某个文件

~ admin.php）

{

      auth_basic           "Auth";  用户名
      auth_basic_user_file  /user/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;用户名密码文件

}

 

 yum install -y httpd 

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd tom 在目录下建立tom用户和密码（第一个用户用-c，第二个不用加-c，再加-c就是从新生成）

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 检测语法

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 从新加载

测试是否成功：401,表示须要用户

指定用户名密码

域名重定向

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com test2.com test3.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/test.com;
if ($host != 'test.com' ){
    rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;
}


}

测试