Linux下安装RabbitMQ

时间 2019-12-30

标签 linux 安装 rabbitmq 栏目 Linux 繁體版

原文原文链接

前言

RabbitMQ是一个开源的消息中间件，采用 Erlang 语言进行编写，所以RabbitMQ的安装须要依赖Erlang，如今咱们将在 Linux 下进行安装RabbitMQ。html

本人环境：CentOS 6.5 64位git

安装Erlang

在安装Erlang的时候，有不少种方法，最开始我是想按照官网先下载Erlang安装包，而后再进行安装。但发现下载Erlang官网的安装包实在是太慢了，所以换了一种方式，使用RabbitMQ提供的零依赖的Erlang RPM软件包，它提供了足以运行RabbitMQ的能力。github

Github地址：https://github.com/rabbitmq/erlang-rpmweb

在上面的Github中，提供了相关版本的安装方法，我这里Linux环境是CentOS 6.5，准备安装的Erlang版本以下：shell

1，首先，新建一个文件，命令以下：vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rabbitmq-erlang.repo，并将如下内容写入文件中，最后保存。vim

[rabbitmq-erlang]
name=rabbitmq-erlang
baseurl=https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq-erlang/rpm/erlang/20/el/6
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/Keys/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc
repo_gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

2，接着，经过 yum命令安装RabbitMQ提供的Erlang版本，命令以下：yum install erlang 。async

[root@bogon rabbitmq]# yum install erlang
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * elrepo: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * epel: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
rabbitmq-erlang                                               | 1.3 kB     00:00     
rabbitmq-erlang/primary                                       |  20 kB     00:00     
rabbitmq-erlang                                                                  3/3
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package erlang.x86_64 0:20.3.8.24-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================
 Package        Arch           Version                 Repository               Size
=====================================================================================
Installing:
 erlang         x86_64         20.3.8.24-1.el6         rabbitmq-erlang          18 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 18 M
Installed size: 31 M
Is this ok [y/N]: N
Exiting on user Command
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:
 yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx-2019-12-28-23-05bDCcch.yumtx
[root@bogon rabbitmq]# yum install erlang=20.0
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * elrepo: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * epel: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
No package erlang=20.0 available.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@bogon rabbitmq]# yum install erlang
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cn99.com
 * elrepo: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * epel: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.cn99.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package erlang.x86_64 0:20.3.8.24-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================
 Package        Arch           Version                 Repository               Size
=====================================================================================
Installing:
 erlang         x86_64         20.3.8.24-1.el6         rabbitmq-erlang          18 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 18 M
Installed size: 31 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
erlang-20.3.8.24-1.el6.x86_64.rpm                             |  18 MB     00:18     
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 6026dfca: NOKEY
Retrieving key from https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/Keys/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc
Importing GPG key 0x6026DFCA:
 Userid: "RabbitMQ Release Signing Key <info@rabbitmq.com>"
 From  : https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/Keys/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : erlang-20.3.8.24-1.el6.x86_64                                     1/1 
  Verifying  : erlang-20.3.8.24-1.el6.x86_64                                     1/1 

Installed:
  erlang.x86_64 0:20.3.8.24-1.el6                                                    

Complete!

3，最后，验证 Erlang是否安装成功，在终端输入 erl 。工具

[root@bogon rabbitmq]# erl
Erlang/OTP 20 [erts-9.3.3.13] [source] [64-bit] [smp:1:1] [ds:1:1:10] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]

Eshell V9.3.3.13  (abort with ^G)
1>

出现如上提示，说明Erlang已经安装成功。this

下载RabbitMQ

在上面，咱们安装的Erlang版本是 20.3.x ，根据RbbitMQ对Erlang版本要求，我选择安装的RabbitMQ版本是 3.7.6 ，能够直接从Gtihub中下载已发行版本。url

RbbitMQ对Erlang版本要求：https://www.rabbitmq.com/which-erlang.html
Github下载地址：https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/tag/v3.7.6

1，首先，建立一个文件夹，用于存放即将下载的RabbitMQ。

建立文件夹：mkdir /opt/rabbitmq
进入文件夹：cd /opt/rabbitmq

2，接着，经过 wget 命令下载RabbitMQ，也能够在Windows中下载再上传到Linux。

下载RabbitMQ命令：wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.7.6/rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.6.tar.xz

3，最后，将下载的RabbitMQ解压。由于这里下载的是后缀为 .tar.xz 的文件，须要经过 tar 和 xz 命令进行解压，若是没有安装 xz 解压工具的话，能够经过 yum -y install xz 命令进行安装。解压命令以下：

xz -d rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.6.tar.xz
tar -xvf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.6.tar

查看 /opt/rabbitmq 下的文件，显示的文件以下：

[root@bogon rabbitmq]# ls
rabbitmq_server-3.7.6  rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.6.tar
[root@bogon rabbitmq]#

启动RabbitMQ

进入 /opt/rabbitmq/rabbitmq_server-3.7.6/sbin 目录下，咱们这里下载的 RabbitMQ 解压后直接使用便可。

前台启动服务：./rabbitmq-server
后台启动服务：./rabbitmq-server -detached
查看服务状态：./rabbitmqctl status
关闭服务：./rabbitmqctl stop

[root@bogon ~]# cd /opt/rabbitmq/rabbitmq_server-3.7.6/sbin
[root@bogon sbin]# ls
cuttlefish   rabbitmq-defaults     rabbitmq-env      rabbitmq-server
rabbitmqctl  rabbitmq-diagnostics  rabbitmq-plugins
[root@bogon sbin]# ./rabbitmq-server

  ##  ##
  ##  ##      RabbitMQ 3.7.6. Copyright (C) 2007-2018 Pivotal Software, Inc.
  ##########  Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
  ######  ##
  ##########  Logs: /opt/rabbitmq/rabbitmq_server-3.7.6/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@bogon.log
                    /opt/rabbitmq/rabbitmq_server-3.7.6/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@bogon_upgrade.log

              Starting broker...
 completed with 0 plugins.

建立用户

接下来，咱们须要建立一个用户，并给其赋予管理员权限。

新增用户：./rabbitmqctl add_user admin 123456
给用户赋予权限：
./rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
./rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin ".*" ".*" ".*"

其余的一些命令：

查看用户列表：./rabbitmqctl list_users
修改用户密码：./rabbitmqctl change_password 用户名新密码
删除用户：./rabbitmqctl delete_user 用户名

[root@bogon sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl add_user admin 123456
Adding user "admin" ...
[root@bogon sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
Setting tags for user "admin" to [administrator] ...
[root@bogon sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "admin" in vhost "/" ...
[root@bogon sbin]# ./rabbitmqctl list_users
Listing users ...
admin   [administrator]
guest   [administrator]
[root@bogon sbin]#

开启Web界面管理工具

咱们在 /opt/rabbitmq/rabbitmq_server-3.7.6/sbin 目录下，能够开启Web控制台管理插件，命令以下：

./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

[root@bogon sbin]# ./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been configured:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@bogon...
The following plugins have been enabled:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch

started 3 plugins.
[root@bogon sbin]#

最后，咱们须要再检查一下相关端口是否已开放，好比1567二、5672等，其中，15672是Web管理界面端口，5672是AMQP通讯端口。

在Windows中输入地址进行访问：http://ip地址:15672/，能够看到RabbitMQ的控制台管理界面。