Docker实战笔记：Docker简介（二）
Docker实战笔记
[TOC]python
提纲
此Docker系列学习笔记，根据Reboot教育的运维自动化部分课程整理而成，补充少许我的理解以及练习日志（部分日志有删减）。linux
- Docker简介（一）
- Docker简介（二）
- Docker管理系统（一）
- Docker管理系统（二）
- Docker管理系统（三）
- Docker原理-namespace和文件系统
- Docker原理-徒手建立一个docker容器
- Docker、etcd构建服务自发现体系
- Docker生态系统：k8s、etcd等
- etcd分布式一致性算法paxos、raft
Docker简介（二）
盗梦空间
使用docker时，应时刻注意本身在哪儿，防止误操做。docker容器通常都是root全新，这个时候每每是宿主机、各容器相互交错，甚至有时候还有本身的笔记本远程登陆维护的场景；一个不慎，就是生产事故。git
解决办法：设置PS1变量，每一个用户下颜色不同，提示符不同。同时增强用户权限的管理和落地，赋予运维人员岗位角色最小的权限，严格控制特殊权限如root的申请流程和双人复核制度；算法
参考bashrc
将如下代码保存为 bashrcdocker
#!/bin/bash
#export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH="${HOME}/wine/wine-1.2/lib:/usr/X11/lib:/usr/
lib"
export TERM=xterm-color
export CLICOLOR=1
export LSCOLORS=ExFxCxDxBxegedabagacad
export EDITOR=vi
#export CDPATH=$CDPATH:/Users/auxten/Documents/Codes/
use_color=false
# Set colorful PS1 only on colorful terminals.
# dircolors --print-database uses its own built-in database
# instead of using /etc/DIR_COLORS. Try to use the external file
# first to take advantage of user additions. Use internal bash
# globbing instead of external grep binary.
safe_term=${TERM//[^[:alnum:]]/?} # sanitize TERM
match_lhs=""
[[ -f ~/.dir_colors ]] && match_lhs="${match_lhs}$(<~/.dir_colors)"
[[ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ]] && match_lhs="${match_lhs}$(</etc/DIR_COLORS)"
[[ -z ${match_lhs} ]] \
&& type -P dircolors >/dev/null \
&& match_lhs=$(dircolors --print-database)
[[ $'\n'${match_lhs} == *$'\n'"TERM "${safe_term}* ]] && use_color=true
if ${use_color} ; then
# Enable colors for ls, etc. Prefer ~/.dir_colors #64489
if type -P dircolors >/dev/null ; then
if [[ -f ~/.dir_colors ]] ; then
eval $(dircolors -b ~/.dir_colors)
elif [[ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ]] ; then
eval $(dircolors -b /etc/DIR_COLORS)
fi
fi
if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]] ; then
PS1='\[\033[01;31m\]\h\[\033[01;34m\] \w \$\[\033[00m\] '
else
PS1='\[\033[01;33m\]\u.\[\033[01;34m\]\[\033[01;32m\]\h\[\033[01;34m\] \
w \$\[\033[00m\] '
#PS1='\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[01;34m\] \w \$\[\033[00m\] '
fi
alias ls='ls -G'
alias grep='grep --colour=auto'
else
if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]] ; then
# show root@ when we don't have colors
PS1='\u@\h \W \$ '
else
PS1='\u@\h \w \$ '
fi
fi
# Try to keep environment pollution down, EPA loves us.
unset use_color safe_term match_lhs
设置命令
cp bashrc ~/.bashrc . ~/.bashrc
赠与root
sudo cp ~/.bashrc /root/ sudo su -
效果展现
基本操做
docker stop
中止docker容器。ubuntu
建议不使用，直接使用docker rm -f 中止并删除容器:干净整洁不留垃圾；stop命令略慢，rm命令毫秒级别。如下是演示，vim
中止，清理容器
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name="centos_kch" -itd centos tail -f /etc/hosts 608ca094cbf836087a749f464e4e1175502cd0e0d184e174b99bfe59b4a18015 AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps | grep kch 608ca094cbf8 centos "tail -f /etc/hosts" 28 seconds ago Up 26 seconds centos_kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker stop centos_kch centos_kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps | grep kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps -a | grep kch 608ca094cbf8 centos "tail -f /etc/hosts" About a minute ago Exited (137) 16 seconds ago centos_kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker rm centos_kch centos_kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps -a | grep kch
直接中止并删除容器
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name="centos_kch" -itd centos tail -f /etc/hosts e916042b88f1fe5829d400188c7cb806d7075751a9142c5fb9935a81b7924f56 AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps | grep kch e916042b88f1 centos "tail -f /etc/hosts" 18 seconds ago Up 17 seconds centos_kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker rm -f centos_kch centos_kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps | grep kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps -a | grep kch AnInputForce.teach ~ $
docker exec 进入容器简化
咱们常常要写这条命令，进入容器交互bash：segmentfault
docker exec -it centos_kch bash
有网友写了个脚本简化这件事：帖子看这里，看3楼的回复。centos
#!/bin/bash -xe
# docker id might be given as a parameter
DID=$1
if [[ "$DID" == "" ]]; then
# if no id given simply just connect to the first running instance
DID=$(docker ps | grep -Eo "^[0-9a-z]{8,}\b")
fi
docker exec -i -t $DID bash
修订一下：若是不带参数，默认进入第一个运行的容器，可是过滤出来的是全部运行的容器。此处修订：浏览器
保存脚本为dgo
#!/bin/bash -xe
# docker id might be given as a parameter
DID=$1
if [[ "$DID" == "" ]]; then
# if no id given simply just connect to the first running instance
DID=$(docker ps | grep -Eo "^[0-9a-z]{8,}\b" | head -n 1)
fi
docker exec -i -t $DID bash
设置Setup
Put docker-ssh file in your $PATH with the following contents
有root权限的话，咱们直接copy到bin目录
sudo cp dgo /usr/local/bin/
演示Usage
If you have one running instance simply run
- dgo
Otherwise provide it with a docker id parmeter that you get from docker ps (first col)
- dgo $docker-id，# dgo 3ccdb6bcf75a
- dgo $container-name，# dgo centos_kch
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name="centos_kch" -itd centos tail -f /etc/hosts 3ccdb6bcf75a197b4cfbeec3d6754d3d55630e11544f396e5cd942064dae220e AnInputForce.teach ~ $ dgo centos_kch + DID=centos_kch + [[ centos_kch == '' ]] + docker exec -i -t centos_kch bash [root@3ccdb6bcf75a /]#
脚本参数
- bash -xe
- -x 显示执行日志
- 把它执行的每条命令都打到console上，有助于让你们了解都执行的什么，有助于提醒这个脚本是个自定义命令；这是一个很是好的习惯；
- -e 执行完退出；
docker run -v -p
- -v 映射目录
- -p 映射端口
**Tips：**端口映射docker是用iptable实现的，CentOS7引入了firewalld，本质上比iptable好用一些，若是docker用到端口映射，firewalld服务就不能听。内网使用，能够一上来用firewalld把全部端口都打开，这样比较方便docker管理端口映射。
验证思路
筛选端口有没有占用，没有输出则可用
sudo netstat -nltp | grep 8084
将宿主机home目录的data文件夹映射到容器的/data目录，同时将宿主机的8084端口映射到宿主机的80端口
docker run --name"kch-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8084:80 -itd centos tail -f /etc/hosts
映射目录验证
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name "kch-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8084:80 -itd centos tail -f /etc/hosts 9bae287a1df72f557a218044e58dc61c473b8d746f9f4e02c801cf58e014385f AnInputForce.teach ~ $ ll 总用量 16 -rw-r--r-- 1 AnInputForce 231 11月 15 09:15 20161115.bashrc drwxr-xr-x 2 root 4096 11月 15 19:42 data drwxr-xr-x 6 root 4096 10月 16 10:41 open-falcon -rwxr-xr-x 1 AnInputForce 377 10月 16 11:42 runof.sh AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker exec -it kch-centos /bin/bash [root@9bae287a1df7 /]# ll | grep data drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 15 11:42 data [root@9bae287a1df7 /]# echo xxxyyy > data/xxx [root@9bae287a1df7 /]# exit exit AnInputForce.teach ~ $ cat data/xxx xxxxyyy AnInputForce.teach ~ $
端口映射验证
进入容器，启动一个python的SimpleHTTPServer，绑定80端口；
在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8084，成功访问；
演示使用的是教学机http://reboot.linrc.com:8084
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker exec -it kch-centos /bin/bash [root@9bae287a1df7 /]# python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 80 ... 219.142.60.11 - - [15/Nov/2016 12:03:14] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 - 219.142.60.11 - - [15/Nov/2016 12:03:14] code 404, message File not found 219.142.60.11 - - [15/Nov/2016 12:03:14] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 -
docker inspect
$docker id | $docker name
docker inspect centos_kch
咱们在使用docker过程当中，若是碰上莫名其妙的问题，好比没写绝对路径时，不知道目录映射到哪儿了，就能够运行此命令，看"Mounts"属性；
docker 建立镜像
推荐用dockerfile来构建镜像，由于能够提交git版本控制：清楚展示了所经历的过程。不推荐在现有容器中yum安装配置后，再commit建立镜像。后者参考：Docker学习之路（六）用commit命令建立镜像
-
commit
-
docker commit -m "Added something" -a "Docker Newbee" centos centos:v2
-
docker rmi
-
-a 就是author，做者
-
-
dockerfile
-
FROM ubuntu:14.04 MAINTAINER Docker Newbee newbee@docker.com RUN apt-get -qq update RUN apt-get -qqy install ruby ruby-dev RUN gem install sinatra
-
科普：bash黑科技
- ctrl + u：#移到行尾，按快捷键暂存，当前命令行清空
- ctrl + y：# 恢复刚暂存的目录
- Ctrl + r：# 输入字符查找上一条命令
- sudo !! ：执行上一条因权限不足而未能执行的命令
演示：徒手写Dockerfile
咱们写个dockerfile，给镜像安装一个vim
查看centos有哪些版本：dockerhub
保存脚本为centos-vim/Dockerfile
FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER mdr<kang.cunhua@qq.com> RUN yum install -y vim
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ mkdir experment AnInputForce.teach ~ $ cd experment/ AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ mkdir centos-vim AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ cd centos-vim/ AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ vi Dockerfile
构建镜像 docker build centos-vim/
AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ cd centos-vim/ AnInputForce.teach ~/experment/centos-vim $ ll 总用量 4 -rw-rw-r-- 1 root 72 11月 15 20:34 Dockerfile AnInputForce.teach ~/experment/centos-vim $ cd .. AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ pwd /home/AnInputForce/experment AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ ll 总用量 4 drwxrwxr-x 2 AnInputForce 4096 11月 15 20:36 centos-vim AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ docker build centos-vim/ Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB Step 1 : FROM centos:7 ---> 0584b3d2cf6d Step 2 : MAINTAINER mdr<kang.cunhua@qq.com> ---> Running in ec9eae8742d8 ---> 9153702517b5 Removing intermediate container ec9eae8742d8 Step 3 : RUN yum install -y vim ---> Running in 4e3ec7cee383 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl ...... Complete! ---> 5c72d36ad69e Removing intermediate container 4e3ec7cee383 Successfully built 5c72d36ad69e
查看镜像
AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE <none> <none> 5c72d36ad69e 2 minutes ago 361.1 MB centos-vim latest 37e42772dafe 11 days ago 361.1 MB centos 7 0584b3d2cf6d 12 days ago 196.5 MB centos latest 0584b3d2cf6d 12 days ago 196.5 MB
给镜像美容
docker tag $dockerid $imagename #默认不写，tag是latest
docker tag $dockerid $image-name:$tag #也能够指定tag
默认
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker tag 5c72d36ad69e centos-vim AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos-vim latest 5c72d36ad69e 10 minutes ago 361.1 MB
写$tag
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker tag 5c72d36ad69e centos-vim:mdr AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos-vim latest 5c72d36ad69e 13 minutes ago 361.1 MB centos-vim mdr 5c72d36ad69e 13 minutes ago 361.1 MB <none> <none> 37e42772dafe 11 days ago 361.1 MB
注意
能够给一个镜像打多个tag，他们能够共存。
可是$image-name需全局惟一，若是你使用了已有的名字，原来叫这个名字的就会变成<none> <none> ，请注意上文日志中docker id为“37e42772dafe”的先后变化；
测试新镜像
docker rm -f kch-centos删除以前的容器，
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name "mdr-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8084:80 -itd centos-vim tail -f /etc/hosts 7ce8203e0431a7571df28e51fe7bb2152093fa49ebb8495516342046af23e953 AnInputForce.teach ~ $ dgo mdr-centos + DID=mdr-centos + [[ mdr-centos == '' ]] + docker exec -i -t mdr-centos bash [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# vim
能够看到，成功进入vim；
小练习：新增帐号后打包镜像
基于centos镜像，加一个帐号，而后build镜像，镜像名字本身起。同时安装SSH服务，这个后续有用。
Dockerfile参考
FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER mdr<kang.cunhua@qq.com> RUN useradd mdr RUN yum install -y openssh-server
构建演示
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ cd experment/ AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ mkdir centos-dev AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ cd centos-dev/ AnInputForce.teach ~/experment/centos-dev $ vi Dockerfile AnInputForce.teach ~/experment/centos-dev $ cd .. AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ docker build centos-dev/ Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB Step 1 : FROM centos:7 ---> 0584b3d2cf6d ...... Complete! ---> 7677fcb139ca Removing intermediate container 9bb12e1ee067 Successfully built 7677fcb139ca AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE <none> <none> 7677fcb139ca 44 seconds ago 307.8 MB centos-vim latest 5c72d36ad69e 24 hours ago 361.1 MB centos-vim mdr 5c72d36ad69e 24 hours ago 361.1 MB AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ docker tag 7677fcb139ca centos-dev:mdr AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $ docker images | grep mdr centos-dev mdr 7677fcb139ca 3 minutes ago 307.8 MB centos-vim mdr 5c72d36ad69e 24 hours ago 361.1 MB AnInputForce.teach ~/experment $
小技巧
在Dockerfile中设置用户密码
来自kongsys童鞋；
Run echo "yourpasswd666"|passwd kongsys --stdin
在构建镜像时指定标签
这样的话，就不用构建后在给镜像命名和打tag了--来自Roven童鞋；
docker build -t test-centos|centos7.2 centos-vim
如何拿Docker撘开发机
搭建开发机，让各位同窗能自动登陆。以前咱们是经过Dockerfile构建的，此处演示咱们用commit来构建。
不须要输密码，只要我在wheel组里
sudoedit /etc/sudoers编辑
找到
## Allows people in group wheel to run all commands %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL ## Same thing without a password # %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
改成
## Allows people in group wheel to run all commands # %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL ## Same thing without a password %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
演示日志
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ dgo mdr-centos + DID=mdr-centos + [[ mdr-centos == '' ]] + docker exec -i -t mdr-centos bash [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# useradd mdr [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# passwd mdr Changing password for user mdr. New password: Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# yum install -y openssh-server .... Dependency Installed: fipscheck.x86_64 0:1.4.1-5.el7 fipscheck-lib.x86_64 0:1.4.1-5.el7 openssh.x86_64 0:6.6.1p1-25.el7_2 tcp_wrappers-libs.x86_64 0:7.6-77.el7 Complete! [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# usermod -aG wheel mdr [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# yum install -y sudo Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl ...... Installed: sudo.x86_64 0:1.8.6p7-17.el7_2 Complete! [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# sudoedit /etc/sudoers [root@7ce8203e0431 /]# exit exit AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 7ce8203e0431 centos-vim "tail -f /etc/hosts" 24 hours ago Up 24 hours 0.0.0.0:8084->80/tcp mdr-centos ...... AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker commit mdr-centos centos-dev:7 sha256:f331bbce086b75f00133b8fc3385f03d1bb3c5274e7c279e69ab06a2192f63ae AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos-dev 7 f331bbce086b 11 seconds ago 473.3 MB centos-dev mdr 7677fcb139ca 44 minutes ago 307.8 MB centos-vim latest 5c72d36ad69e 25 hours ago 361.1 MB centos-vim mdr 5c72d36ad69e 25 hours ago 361.1 MB ...... AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker rm -f mdr-centos mdr-centos AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name="mdr-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8088:22 -itd centos-dev:7 /usr/sbin/sshd -D af94c0ffe40432112a4d5b7c38a2b66f2244b7baf941995c2e6b5ef95384ee76 AnInputForce.teach ~ $
登陆开发机，报错
咱们来尝试登陆一下开发机，发现报错，docker logs $container-id查日志排错
ssh -P 8088 mdr@127.0.0.1 ssh: connect to host 8088 port 22: Invalid argument AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker logs mdr-centos Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
**tips:**ssh-keygen如何不输入-y,搜索关键词：ssh-kengen no interactive
回到简单模式，启动container
报错：/etc/hosts: no such file or directory
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name="mdr-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8088:22 -itd centos-dev:7 "tail -f /etc/hosts" 2fafa8f4c7fd503cd62cb083ffa0135a2f20eff7d3d7e75b421fb61e2b13e358 docker: Error response from daemon: invalid header field value "oci runtime error: container_linux.go:247: starting container process caused \"exec: \\\"tail -f /etc/hosts\\\": stat tail -f /etc/hosts: no such file or directory\"\n".
缘由 ：command多加了引号
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name "mdr-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8088:22 -itd centos-dev:7 tail -f /etc/hosts f47f6e673f49154c261355039da9f45bb50777106917752d17aee96a3135421c
再回到container安装ssh
同时，根据日志提示安装对应加密算法
Welcome to aliyun Elastic Compute Service! -bash: /home/AnInputForce: 是一个目录 AnInputForce.teach ~ $ dgo mdr-centos + DID=mdr-centos + [[ mdr-centos == '' ]] + docker exec -i -t mdr-centos bash [root@f47f6e673f49 /]# ssh-keygen ...... +--[ RSA 2048]----+ ...... +-----------------+ [root@f47f6e673f49 /]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key ...... +--[ DSA 1024]----+ ...... +-----------------+ [root@f47f6e673f49 /]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key ...... +--[ RSA 2048]----+ ...... +-----------------+
测试下：提示缺两种非对称加密算法
[root@f47f6e673f49 /]# /usr/sbin/sshd -D Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
继续安装非对称加密算法
[root@f47f6e673f49 /]# ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key +--[ECDSA 256]---+ ...... +-----------------+ [root@f47f6e673f49 /]# ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key ...... +--[ED25519 256--+ ...... +-----------------+
SSH服务成功启动
[root@f47f6e673f49 /]# /usr/sbin/sshd -D ^C [root@f47f6e673f49 /]#
提交打包镜像
[root@f47f6e673f49 /]# exit exit AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos-dev 7 f331bbce086b 11 hours ago 473.3 MB centos-dev mdr 7677fcb139ca 12 hours ago 307.8 MB centos-vim latest 5c72d36ad69e 37 hours ago 361.1 MB AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker commit mdr-centos centos-dev:7 sha256:90fc2a3fa895faa4611731b442b7e17fcdfab2084cc488378a48d54a44e59490 AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker commit mdr-centos centos-dev sha256:a7d3dc16d111e7ab50fd0d8b2a5aabe8c5c4213ffdc8d7b4a2e32a7ba09f096c AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos-dev latest a7d3dc16d111 4 seconds ago 473.3 MB centos-dev 7 90fc2a3fa895 19 seconds ago 473.3 MB centos-dev mdr 7677fcb139ca 12 hours ago 307.8 MB centos-vim latest 5c72d36ad69e 37 hours ago 361.1 MB
测试进入开发机
AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker rm -f mdr-centos mdr-centos AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name "mdr-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8088:22 -itd centos-dev:7 tail -f /usr/sbin/sshd -D 6d0bae922b6e380adb93ceea88b6ba230b3b578d93744e2dcc0d524080f95356 AnInputForce.teach ~ $ ssh -P 8088 mdr@reboot.linrc.com ssh: connect to host 8088 port 22: Invalid argument AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker logs "docker logs" requires exactly 1 argument(s). See 'docker logs --help'. Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER Fetch the logs of a container AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker logs mdr-centos tail: invalid option -- 'D' Try 'tail --help' for more information. AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker rm -f mdr-centos mdr-centos AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker run --name "mdr-centos" -v ~/data:/data -p 8088:22 -itd centos-dev /usr/sbin/sshd -D b996a0f5c858ea59dae380960274371ff45c2fba4ee2b307b9eea241e0ea6e2d AnInputForce.teach ~ $ ssh -P 8088 mdr@reboot.linrc.com ssh: connect to host 8088 port 22: Invalid argument AnInputForce.teach ~ $ docker logs mdr-centos AnInputForce.teach ~ $ ssh -p 8088 mdr@reboot.linrc.com The authenticity of host '[reboot.linrc.com]:8088 ([59.110.12.72]:8088)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 2e:c3:ac:e6:86:99:98:65:c8:4b:44:67:f3:84:2e:45. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '[reboot.linrc.com]:8088,[59.110.12.72]:8088' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. mdr@reboot.linrc.com's password: [mdr@b996a0f5c858 ~]$
成功进入。**Tips：**咱们在使用docker时，碰上报错能够，使用docker logs $container-id 来查看日志。以上日志对应包含了对应排错过程，请参考。
让咱们作得更好：免密码登陆
咱们在平常使用开发机的时候，不能每一个容器都这儿操做一遍：加入id_rsa.pub 内容到.ssh/authorized_keys。能不能批量实现这个效果？能够的，用到了目录映射：^演示帐号权限不足提示
思路
把本身目录下的id_rsa.pub内容加入/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
演示
AnInputForce.teach ~/.ssh $ cat id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDLqCVUrRiiGCuK3lAa3kIrk1rSU0WuzpOZT9LctQE1m0TOrAGDC/C0USp6AOTQ90V+JdaRFC6hvjmI5AVrZIbnhHFbhlJpqPegnC7pZiMLFIt8Pcdi9aCZGAqvj6ALfMOsXRgM4H5vgwAKg1YAihnse4A2rLmS237UK43/Yk1E6fn/0wILzdy1gPjIuQbHbKUuJV/VAhP8655xRDLGjOj7rmfR0rm+qukyOrgfW4kCtuGSQfC0qykTHmS25pNnByWaS1tzxspgL0XWRcHIKCxzFSDgzdLgtIOvrlDR46pZFJ8lShQKaMhu/eDj4ZC4VN7QHulZNP/rjiWlB1pafkw5 AnInputForce@teach [mdr@b996a0f5c858 log]$ sudo su - teach ~ # vi .ssh/authorized_keys
让全部人均可以避免密码登陆
把宿主机的ssh目录映射到容器里，全部人均可以避免密码登陆了。只要用户能免密码登陆宿主机，就能免密码登陆容器；
docker rm -f mdr-centos sudo docker run --name='mdr-centos' -v ~/data:/data -v /root/.ssh:/root/.ssh -p 8088:22 -itd centos-dev /usr/sbin/sshd -D
也能够把本身目录的映射到容器中。
**Tips:**风险--目录映射以后，在容器中修改对应目录或文件，也会同步到本地。须要特别注意。若是有童鞋知道如何映射本地目录到容器中为只读权限，麻烦您给我留言，我会更新本文。
Docker简介总结：咱们作了什么
- 为何是docker：秒级启动，化复杂安装配置为简洁
- docker基本概念：仓库、镜像、容器
- docker基本操做：ps、port、pull、images、run、stop、rm、exec、inspect、logs、commit
- 徒手写Dockerfile构建镜像
- 一个小练习：新增帐号后，打包镜像
- 用Docker来搭建开发机：快速批量提供开发环境，让全部人免密登陆
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