一 OpenCV GUI特性

安装Opencv

pip install --upgrade setuptools
pip install numpy Matplotlib
pip install opencv-python

　　opencv环境已经整好，就是这么简单。只须要numpy、Matplotlib、opencv-python三个包，都不大很快就能够下好，若是下载中间出现error或wrong，从新输入命令便可。

 

参考 OpenCv官方教材文档

1.http://opencv-python-tutroals.readthedocs.io/en/latest/py_tutorials/py_gui/py_table_of_contents_gui/py_table_of_contents_gui.html#

 一 Dome

1.图片

##01打开显示一张图片,显示灰度图片

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv ##01打开显示一张图片,显示灰度图片 img = cv.imread('E:\\fruits.jpg',0);#读取一张图片,注意路径须要转义,第二个参数是模式 cv.imwrite('E:\\fruits_copy.jpg',img);#写一张图片 cv.namedWindow('IMG_NAME',cv.WINDOW_NORMAL);#定义一个窗口 cv.imshow('IMG_NAME',img);#显示窗口图片 cv.waitKey(0);#等待响应 cv.destroyAllWindows();#销毁窗体

 

##02使用matplotlib显示坐标画图

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv from matplotlib import pyplot as plt ##02使用matplotlib显示坐标画图 img = cv.imread('E:\\fruits.jpg',0) plt.imshow(img,cmap = 'gray',interpolation = 'bicubic')# ##plt.xticks([]),plt.yticks([])#x/y轴坐标隐藏，去掉就显示 plt.show()

2.视频

##摄像头显示一帧帧图片

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv #01内置摄像头打开 cap = cv.VideoCapture(0) while(True):     ret,frame = cap.read()#     gray = cv.cvtColor(frame,cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)     cv.imshow('frame',gray)     if cv.waitKey(1) & 0xff == ord('q'):         break cap.release() cv.destroyAllWindows()

##处理后保存摄像头视频

##flip水平或者垂直翻转数组

import numpy as np import cv2 #打开摄像头 cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)   #定义编码器和写对象 fourcc = cv.cv.FOURCC(*'XVID') out = cv.VideoWriter('E:\\output.avi',fourcc,20.0,(640,480)) #读取摄像头的一帧 while cap.isOpened():     ret,frame = cap.read()     if ret == True:         #翻转图片         frame = cv.flip(frame,0)         #写出         out.write(frame)         cv.imshow('frmae',frame)         #中断判断         if cv.waitKey(1) & 0xff == ord('q'):             break     else:         break #释放内存/资源 cap.release() out.release() cv.destroyAllWindows()

 

3.绘画

主要函数：线：cv2.line()  圆 cv2.circle() 矩阵 cv2.rectangle() 椭圆 cv2.ellipse() 文字 cv2.putText()

函数的参数：img,color,thickness,linetype

·##简单绘画

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv #设置一张背景图片 img = np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8) ##img = cv.imread('E:\\fruits.jpg',0);   cv.line(img,(0,0),(511,511),(255,0,0),5)#画线 cv.circle(img,(477,263),63,(0,0,255),8,8)#画圆 cv.rectangle(img,(384,0),(510,128),(0,255,0),3)#矩阵 cv.ellipse(img,(256,256),(100,50),0,0,360,255,-1)#椭圆 font = cv.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX cv.putText(img,'helloworld',(10,500),font,4,(255,255,255),2)   ##pts = np.array([[10,5],[20,30],[70,20],[50,10]],np.int32)#连点多边形，能够经过多条line链接造成 ##pts = pts.reshape(-1,1,2)   #显示 cv.namedWindow('IMG_NAME',cv.WINDOW_NORMAL);#定义一个窗口 cv.imshow('IMG_NAME',img);#显示窗口图片 cv.waitKey(0);#等待响应 cv.destroyAllWindows();#销毁窗体

·##增强绘画：左击画圆

import cv2 as cv import numpy as np #鼠标响应函数   def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):     if event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK:#左击         cv.circle(img,(x,y),63,(0,0,255),8,8)#画圆 #窗体及显示 img = np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8) cv.namedWindow('IMG_NAME');#定义一个窗口 cv.setMouseCallback('IMG_NAME',draw_circle) #重绘刷新 while(1):     cv.imshow('IMG_NAME',img)     if cv.waitKey(20) & 0xff == 27:#ESC退出         break   #显示   cv.waitKey(0);#等待响应 cv.destroyAllWindows();#销毁窗体

·##增强绘画：拖动画图

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv drawing = False mode = 'a' ix,iy =-1,-1 #建立回调函数 def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,params):     global ix,iy,drawing,mode     #左击，返回起始位置     if event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:         drawing = True         ix,iy = x,y     elif event == cv.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE and flags == cv.EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON:         if drawing == True:             if mode == 'a':#画线                 cv.rectangle(img,(x,y),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)             elif mode == 'b':#画圆                 cv.circle(img,(x,y),6,(0,255,0),-1)     elif event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:             drawing =False ##           img=np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8) cv.namedWindow('image') cv.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle) ##刷新重绘 while(1):     cv.imshow('image',img)     k=cv.waitKey(1)&0xFF     if k==ord('a'):         mode='a'     elif k==ord('b'):         mode='b'     elif k==27:         break

·##增强画图：调色板

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv # def nothing(x):     pass # img = np.zeros((300,512,3),np.uint8) cv.namedWindow('image') cv.createTrackbar('R','image',0,255,nothing) cv.createTrackbar('G','image',0,255,nothing) cv.createTrackbar('B','image',0,255,nothing)   switch = '0:OFF\n1:ON' cv.createTrackbar(switch,'image',0,1,nothing) while(1):     cv.imshow('image',img)     k = cv.waitKey(1)&0xff     if k == 27 :         break     r = cv.getTrackbarPos('R','image')     g = cv.getTrackbarPos('G','image')     b = cv.getTrackbarPos('B','image')     s = cv.getTrackbarPos(switch,'image')     if s == 0:         img[:]=0     else:         img[:]=[b,g,r] cv.destroyAllWindows()

 

·##上述两种功能结合在一块儿，可调色的画板

import numpy as np import cv2 as cv drawing = False mode = 'a' ix,iy =-1,-1 #建立回调函数 def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,params):     global ix,iy,drawing,mode     #获取颜色值     r = cv.getTrackbarPos('R','image')     g = cv.getTrackbarPos('G','image')     b = cv.getTrackbarPos('B','image')     color = [r,g,b]       #左击，返回起始位置     if event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:         drawing = True         ix,iy = x,y     elif event == cv.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE and flags == cv.EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON:         if drawing == True:             if mode == 'a':#画线                 cv.rectangle(img,(x,y),(x,y),color,-1)             elif mode == 'b':#画圆                 cv.circle(img,(x,y),6,color,-1)     elif event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:             drawing =False ##    def nothing(x):pass   img=np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8) cv.namedWindow('image')   #选择颜色 cv.createTrackbar('R','image',0,255,nothing) cv.createTrackbar('G','image',0,255,nothing) cv.createTrackbar('B','image',0,255,nothing)     cv.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle) ##刷新重绘 while(1):     cv.imshow('image',img)     k=cv.waitKey(1)&0xFF     if k==ord('a'):         mode='a'     elif k==ord('b'):         mode='b'     elif k==27:         break

 

 

二 API 使用说明

参考http://opencv.jp/opencv-2.2_org/py/index.html