在工做时,遇到过这样的需求,须要灵活的对工单进行导入或导出,之前本身也作过,但使用不灵活繁琐。我想能不能像配置文件同样可配置的导入导出,那样使用起来就方便许多。java
建立基于Maven版本管理Springmvc项目,如下是主要的依赖,用jetty做为内嵌的服务器,直接启动。mysql
架包相关依赖pom.xml。git
<!-- 版本定义 --> <properties> <commons-beanutils.version>1.9.2</commons-beanutils.version> <commons-collections.version>3.2.1</commons-collections.version> <commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version> <poi.version>3.14</poi.version> <xmlbeans.version>2.6.0</xmlbeans.version> <spring.version>4.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <druid.version>1.0.11</druid.version> </properties> <!-- <dependencyManagement> --> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- commons --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>${commons-beanutils.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> <version>${commons-collections.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> <version>${commons-lang.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <!-- POI --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>${poi.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>${poi.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId> <version>${poi.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId> <artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId> <version>${xmlbeans.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!--mybatis start--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <!--mybatis end--> <!--spring dao 依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--spring web依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--spring web依赖 end--> <!--spring 其余 依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--Severlet Web 相关依赖--> <!--2个标签库--> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.6.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- 日志 java 日志:slf4j 是规范、接口 log4j\logback\common-logging 是实现 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.15</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <!-- 实现了slf4j 接口并整合 --> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <!--数据库层依赖--> <!-- connection pool start--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- connection pool end--> <!-- Jetty --> <dependency> <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty.aggregate</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-all</artifactId> <version>8.1.16.v20140903</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Jetty Webapp --> <dependency> <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-webapp</artifactId> <version>8.1.16.v20140903</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-jsp</artifactId> <version>8.1.16.v20140903</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.16.8</version> </dependency> <!-- json插件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 文件上传 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <!--common start--> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId> <artifactId>guava</artifactId> <version>18.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId> <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId> <version>1.8.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-commons</artifactId> <version>1.11.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
其它相关配置没啥特别,详见源码。web
下面是员工信息模型。spring
//员工模型 public class EmployeeModel { /** * ID */ protected Integer id; /** * 建立时间 */ protected Date createTime; /** * 姓名 */ private String name; /** * 性别 0:男 1:女 */ private Integer sex; /** * 年龄 */ private Integer age; /** * 手机号 */ private String mobile; /** * 状态 0:在职 * 1:离职 */ private Integer status; //省略getter setter }
有以下的Excel文件格式,须要映射成学生实体类。sql
那么使用easy-excel 如何导入呢?mongodb
前一行是属于不规则的数据,从标题行之后才是规则的数据,也就是从规则数据以后才能正常转换成JavaBean。数据库
具体实现代码,首先编写配置文件:excel-config.xml。express
<excels> <excel id="employee" class="org.easy.web.ExcelModel.EmployeeModel" sheetname="员工信息列表" defaultColumnWidth="5000" enableStyle="true"> <field name="id" title="ID" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" /> <field name="createTime" title="入职时间" pattern="yyyy/MM/dd" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" /> <field name="name" title="姓名" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" /> <field name="sex" title="性别" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" format="1:女,0:男"/> <field name="age" title="年龄" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" regex="^[1-9]\d*$" regexErrMsg="必须是数字"/> <field name="mobile" title="手机" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" regex="^[1][3,4,5,8][0-9]{9}$" regexErrMsg="格式错误"/> <field name="status" title="在职状态" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" format="1:离职,0:在职" /> </excel> </excels>
解释,每一个excel表示一种Excel文件到JavaBean的映射规则,该规则能够是导入和导出。apache
配置了一个id为employee的映射,要映射对应的JavaBean实体为 EmployeeModel。
<excel id="employee" class="org.easy.web.ExcelModel.EmployeeModel">
excel文件中标题为ID的列,把它的值映射到 EmployeeModel.id属性上。
<field name="id" title="ID"/>
isNull属性,表示在excel文件中标题为【年龄】的单元格的值不能为空,而且符合正则【 regex】,当正则校验没有经过时,会提示【xxx行,[ 年龄 ]必须是数字,若是为空同理,xxx行[年龄]不能为空】。
<field name="age" title="年龄" isNull="false" regex="^[1-9]\d*$" regexErrMsg="必须是数字"/>
pattern:不作过多解释,SimpleDateFormat(pattern),导入数据时字符串的值如何转换成日期。支持多种映射pattern,使用【英文逗号】进行分割。
<field name="createTime" title="入职时间" pattern="yyyy/MM/dd" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" />
format属性,观察上面的excel文件结构会发现状态列是中文,那么导入时,可能javaBean中并非中文,而是数字或其余,那么如何把它转换成数字呢?format就是作这个事情的。导入时它会以【,分割:前面的做为导入时使用的值,:后面的做为导出时使用的值】:后面值进行逆推,导出时同理。思考一个问题?若是这个值不肯定如何解决,或者这个值须要到数据库校验?好比是个城市地址,这个时候是须要查询数据库进行比对的,若是地址不存在则抛出错误提示信息的,就说这么多,easy-excel已经作好了,支持自定义的转换器能够解决。
<field name="status" title="在职状态" align="center" isNull="true" uniformStyle="true" columnWidth="5000" format="1:离职,0:在职" />
那么核心的代码是哪几行?
//导入 public Result importExcel(@RequestParam(value = "file", required = true) MultipartFile file) throws Exception { Boolean excel = StringUtil.isExcel(file.getOriginalFilename()); if (!excel){ return Result.wrapErrorResult("该文件不是Excel格式"); } InputStream fis = file.getInputStream(); ExcelContext context = new ExcelContext("excel/config.xml"); ExcelUtil<EmployeeModel> excelUtil = new ExcelUtil(excelContext, "employee"); List<EmployeeModel> stus; try { stus = excelUtil.importExcel(1, fis); } catch (ExcelException e) {//这里主动返回错误信息 return Result.wrapErrorResult(e.getMessage()); } List<Employee> list=BdUtil.e2OList(stus,Employee.class); return Result.wrapSuccessfulResult(list); } //导出 public void exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { ExcelUtil<EmployeeModel> excelUtil = new ExcelUtil(excelContext, "employee"); final List<EmployeeModel> list = getEmployeeList(); List<String> specifyFields = new ArrayList<String>( ExcelHeader header=new ExcelHeader() { public void buildHeader(Sheet sheet, ExcelDefinition excelDefinition, List<?> beans,Workbook workbook) { // 设置第一行样式 CellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle(); // 水平居中 style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 垂直居中 style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER); // 设置字体 大小 Font font1 = workbook.createFont(); font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 18); style1.setFont(font1); //第一行数据 Row row1 = sheet.createRow(0); Cell cell1 = row1.createCell(0); cell1.setCellValue("共导出【"+list.size()+"】条数据"); // 行高 row1.setHeight((short) 700); cell1.setCellStyle(style1); //合并单元格 CellRangeAddress region = new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 2); sheet.addMergedRegion(region); } }; excelUtil.exportExcel(response,list, header,specifyFields,"员工信息"); }
只有准备数据、建立上下文、读取excel。。一般在真实的常见建立上下文均可以省略了,由于它会交给spring容器管理,整个jvm中,只保持一个实例就够了。
关于导入配置的一个很重要的属性:resolveFieldValueConverterName。
它是一个ResolveFieldValueConverter接口的实现类:假设咱们的Excel中有地址,或者结合业务中多是其余,都是须要查询数据库,或者通过更复杂的业务逻辑进行校验的,那么咱们能够配置它。咱们来观察这个接口作了什么事?
/** * 解析Excel值解析接口 * */ public interface ResolveFieldValueConverter { /** * 操做类型,导入或导出 */ enum Type { EXPORT, IMPORT } /** * 解析配置中Field元素 处理后的值 * @param bean Excel配置的JavaBean对象 * @param value Excel原值 * @param fieldValue FieldValue信息 * @param type 导入或导出 * @param rowNum 行号 * @return 解析结果对应的value * @throws Exception */ public Object resolveFieldValue(Object bean,Object value, FieldValue fieldValue, Type type,int rowNum) throws Exception; }
核心只有一个方法resolveFieldValue。
咱们能够自定义它的实现类,而后把全类名注册到 resolveFieldValueConverterName
属性上如:假设建立人是须要查询用户表进行校验,若是没有则不容许导入,咱们则能够在自定义的实现类抛出一个异常,能够精准的提示用户多少行,哪个字段【标题】的值错误了。
直接上代码,下面是导入导出封装好工具类。
/** * Excel 导出方法调用(主) */ public class ExcelUtil<T> { //建立excel上下文实例,配置文件路径 private ExcelContext context; //Excel配置文件中配置的id private String excelId; public ExcelUtil(ExcelContext context, String excelId) { this.context = context; this.excelId = excelId; } /** * @param startRow 头部从第几行开始导入 * @param fis 文件流 * @return * @throws Exception */ public List<T> importExcel(int startRow, InputStream fis) throws Exception { //第二个参数须要注意,它是指标题索引的位置,可能你的前几行并非标题,而是其余信息, //好比数据批次号之类的,关于如何转换成javaBean,具体参考配置信息描述 ExcelImportResult result = context.readExcel(excelId, startRow, fis); // System.out.println(result.getHeader()); List<T> stus = result.getListBean(); return stus; //这种方式和上面的没有任何区别,底层方法默认标题索引为0 //context.readExcel(excelId, fis); } /** * 导出Excel并下载 * @param response * @param list 结果集,null默认导出模板 * @param header 自定义表头,null默认无 * @param specifyFields 导出字段,null导出全部字段 * @param fileName 下载的文件名 */ public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response, List<T> list,ExcelHeader header, List<String> specifyFields, String fileName) { File file = null; OutputStream ops = null; OutputStream out = null; Workbook workbook = null; try { /** * Step1:建立临时xlsx文件 */ file = File.createTempFile("tmp", ".xlsx"); /** * Step2:导出数据写入临时xlsx文件 */ String path = file.getAbsolutePath(); ops = new FileOutputStream(path); //获取POI建立结果 if (list != null && !list.isEmpty()) { workbook = context.createExcel(excelId, list, header, specifyFields); // workbook = context.createExcel(excelId, list); } else {//查询结果为空,导出模板 workbook = context.createExcelTemplate(excelId, header, specifyFields); } workbook.write(ops); /** * Step3:下载临时xlsx文件 */ response.reset(); response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8"); fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName + ".xlsx", "UTF-8"); response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName); out = response.getOutputStream(); out.write(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file)); out.flush(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { file.deleteOnExit();//临时文件若存在,则删除 try { if (ops != null) { ops.close(); } if (workbook != null) { workbook.close(); } if (out != null) { out.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }