mysql-proxy代理内网数据库

1、使用场景介绍
mysql-proxy的机器属于代理机器也就是至关于白名单的审核机器，经过防火墙规则，限制容许那些IP访问本机的代理内网数据库的端口，
有点：保证内网的数据库不暴露在公网上，保证了数据库的安全。
缺点：一旦mysql-proxy代理服务器挂掉了，就至关于应用都连接不上了数据库。同时若是太多的应用程序经过mysql-proxy连接内网数据库的话，mysql-proxy代理服务器必须也得保证足够的带宽，负责致使连接数据库特别的慢，或者连接不上数据库。

2、演示环境：
2台物理机器，系统都是CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
一台机器配置内外网卡：104.137.27.4 192.168.1.100 部署mysql-proxy 服务
一台机器配置外网卡：104.137.27.3 部署mysql服务，并登录此机器数据库，受权一个帐户容许104.137.27.4机器来连接此数据库

grant all on mtoyydb.* to zytestuser01@'104.137.27.4' identified by 'dr3dfKj=DHee';

mysql> flush privileges

3、二进制安装mysql-proxy:
下载安装包：

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz
tar zxf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit  mysql-proxy
mkdir /usr/local/mysql-proxy/{conf,log} -p

定义下环境变量：

[root@book sysconfig]# tail -3 /etc/profile
LUA_PATH="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/?.lua"
export LUA_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin

4、mysql-proxy 参数介绍：
Application Options:
4.1应用参数介绍：
mysql-proxy --help-all

4.2mysql-proxy代理模块参数介绍

4.3线上配置文件介绍：

[root@book mysql-proxy]# cat /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/mysql-proxy.conf 
[mysql-proxy]
user=www
daemon=true
keepalive=true
plugins=proxy,admin
###日志级别
log-level=info
log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log
###本机ip地址
proxy-address=104.137.27.4:9196

##backend主   注意addresses
proxy-backend-addresses=104.137.27.3:3306

##proxy的管理用户admin的IP和端口
admin-address=104.137.27.4:9197

###下面的三个参数必须设定，不然mysql-proxy服务启动不了的
admin-username=zykjadmin
admin-password=Zyjkwestos
###admin的lua脚本地址;
admin-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/admin.lua

5、启动mysql-proxy

/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/mysql-proxy.conf

登录mysql-proxy管理帐户，查看反向代理管理列表
[root@book ~]# mysql -uzykjadmin -pZyjkwestos -h104.137.27.4 --port=9197

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.0.99-agent-admin

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM backends;
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
| backend_ndx | address          | state | type | uuid | connected_clients |
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
|           1 | 104.137.27.3:3306 | up    | rw   | NULL |                 2 |
+-------------+------------------+-------+------+------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM help;
+------------------------+------------------------------------+
| command                | description                        |
+------------------------+------------------------------------+
| SELECT * FROM help     | shows this help                    |
| SELECT * FROM backends | lists the backends and their state |
+------------------------+------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL [(none)]>

6、经过sqlyog来登录反向代理数据库

登录成功：

7、MySQL-porxy代理服务器防火墙的配置策略：

[root@book sysconfig]# cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables
#Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Mar  2 14:32:03 2017
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [358:20023]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [2491:287941]
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4567 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,81,443 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 104.137.27.6/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 873 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 304.37.57.45/32 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 9196 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 204.17.47.245/32 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 21,10050,3306 -j ACCEPT
#-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 9196 -j DROP
##-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -m limit --limit 5/sec --limit-burst 10 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j DROP
COMMIT
#Completed on Thu Mar  2 14:32:03 2017

7.1配置策略解释：

-```
A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4567 -j ACCEPT
此处6029至关于sshd的登录端口号

-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 80,81,443 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
放行80，81和443业务端口
-A INPUT -s 104.137.27.6/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 873 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
容许特定的IP104.137.27.6到本地服务器上经过rsync拉取数据

-A INPUT -s 304.37.57.45/32 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 9196 -j ACCEPT
容许指定的IP304.37.57.45 来连接MySQL-proxy服务的9196端口，从而连接到内网的数据库

-A INPUT -s 204.17.47.245/32 -p tcp -m multiport --dports 21,10050,3306 -j ACCEPT
解释:204.17.47.245 机器上部署-server,经过拨号登录-server，而后在能够登录ftp,登录3306数据库服务

-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -m limit --limit 5/sec --limit-burst 10 -j ACCEPT
解释：对ping作限制策略

-A INPUT -j DROP
解释：其余的客户端IP地址一概禁止访问本服务器上的服务的端口

到此处介绍完毕，听说ucloud的Udb就是采用这样的数据库的架构模式