浅谈ActionResult之FileResult

FileResult是一个基于文件的ActionResult,利用FileResult,咱们能够很容易的将某个物理文件的内容响应给客户端,ASP.NET MVC定义了三个具体的FileResult,分别是 FileContentResult、FilePathResult、FileStreamResult。在这篇文章中,咱们来探讨一下三种具体的FileResult是如何将文件内容对请求进行响应的。git

1、FileResult数组

以下面的代码片断所示,FileResult具备一个表示媒体类型的只读属性ContentType,该属性在构造函数中被初始化。当咱们基于某个物理文件建立响应的FileResult对象的时候,应该根据文件的类型指定媒体类型,好比说,目标文件是一个.JPG图片,那么对应的媒体类型就应该是“image/jpeg”,对于一个.pdf文件,则采用“application/pdf”。浏览器

 1 public abstract class FileResult : ActionResult  2 {  3     private string _fileDownloadName;  4         
 5     protected FileResult(string contentType)  6  {  7         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType))  8  {  9             throw new ArgumentException(MvcResources.Common_NullOrEmpty, "contentType");  10  }  11         this.ContentType = contentType;  12  }  13         
 14     public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)  15  {  16         if (context == null)  17  {  18             throw new ArgumentNullException("context");  19  }  20         HttpResponseBase response = context.HttpContext.Response;  21         response.ContentType = this.ContentType;  22         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.FileDownloadName))  23  {  24             string headerValue = ContentDispositionUtil.GetHeaderValue(this.FileDownloadName);  25             context.HttpContext.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", headerValue);  26  }  27         this.WriteFile(response);  28  }  29         
 30     protected abstract void WriteFile(HttpResponseBase response);  31         
 32     public string ContentType { get; private set; }  33         
 34     public string FileDownloadName  35  {  36         get
 37  {  38             return (this._fileDownloadName ?? string.Empty);  39  }  40         set
 41  {  42             this._fileDownloadName = value;  43  }  44  }  45         
 46     internal static class ContentDispositionUtil  47  {  48         private const string HexDigits = "0123456789ABCDEF";  49             
 50         private static void AddByteToStringBuilder(byte b, StringBuilder builder)  51  {  52             builder.Append('%');  53             int num = b;  54             AddHexDigitToStringBuilder(num >> 4, builder);  55             AddHexDigitToStringBuilder(num % 0x10, builder);  56  }  57             
 58         private static void AddHexDigitToStringBuilder(int digit, StringBuilder builder)  59  {  60             builder.Append("0123456789ABCDEF"[digit]);  61  }  62             
 63         private static string CreateRfc2231HeaderValue(string filename)  64  {  65             StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("attachment; filename*=UTF-8''");  66             foreach (byte num in Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(filename))  67  {  68                 if (IsByteValidHeaderValueCharacter(num))  69  {  70                     builder.Append((char) num);  71  }  72                 else
 73  {  74  AddByteToStringBuilder(num, builder);  75  }  76  }  77             return builder.ToString();  78  }  79             
 80         public static string GetHeaderValue(string fileName)  81  {  82             foreach (char ch in fileName)  83  {  84                 if (ch > '\x007f')  85  {  86                     return CreateRfc2231HeaderValue(fileName);  87  }  88  }  89             ContentDisposition disposition = new ContentDisposition {  90                 FileName = fileName  91  };  92             return disposition.ToString();  93  }  94             
 95         private static bool IsByteValidHeaderValueCharacter(byte b)  96  {  97             if ((0x30 <= b) && (b <= 0x39))  98  {  99                 return true; 100  } 101             if ((0x61 <= b) && (b <= 0x7a)) 102  { 103                 return true; 104  } 105             if ((0x41 <= b) && (b <= 90)) 106  { 107                 return true; 108  } 109             switch (b) 110  { 111                 case 0x3a: 112                 case 0x5f: 113                 case 0x7e: 114                 case 0x24: 115                 case 0x26: 116                 case 0x21: 117                 case 0x2b: 118                 case 0x2d: 119                 case 0x2e: 120                     return true; 121  } 122             return false; 123  } 124  } 125 }
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 针对文件的响应具备两种形式,内联(Inline)和附件(Attachment)。通常来讲,前者会利用浏览器直接打开响应文件,然后者则会以独立的文件下载到客户端。对于后者,咱们通常会为下载的文件指定一个文件名,这个文件名能够经过FileResult的FileDownloadName属性来指定。文件响应在默认状况下采用内联方式,若是须要采用附件的形式,须要为响应建立一个名为Content-Disposition的报头,该报头值的格式为“attachment;filename={FileDownloadName}”。app

FileResult仅仅是一个抽象类,文件内容的输出实如今抽象方法WriteFile中,该方法会在重写的ExecuteResult方法中调用。若是FileDownloadName属性不为空,意味着会采用附件的形式进行文件响应,FileResult会在重写的ExecuteResult方法中进行Content-Disposition响应报头的设置。以下面的代码片断,基本上体现了ExecuteResult方法在FileResult中的体现。ide

 1 public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)  2 {  3     if (context == null)  4  {  5         throw new ArgumentNullException("context");  6  }  7     HttpResponseBase response = context.HttpContext.Response;  8     response.ContentType = this.ContentType;  9     if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.FileDownloadName)) 10  { 11         string headerValue = ContentDispositionUtil.GetHeaderValue(this.FileDownloadName); 12         context.HttpContext.Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", headerValue); 13  } 14     this.WriteFile(response); 15 }
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ASP.NET MVC定义了三个具体的FileResult,分别是FileContentResult、FilePathResult、FileStreamResult。接下来咱们对他们进行单独介绍。函数

2、FileContentResultui

FileContentResult是针对文件内容建立的FileResult。以下面的代码片断所示,FileContentResult具备一个字节数组类型的只读属性FileContents表示响应文件的内容,该属性在构造函数中指定。FileContentResult针对文件内容的响应实现也很简单,从以下示的WriteFile方法定义能够看出,它只是调用当前HttpResponse的OutputStream属性的Write方法直接将表示文件内容的字节数组写入响应输出流。this

 1 public class FileContentResult : FileResult  2 {  3     public FileContentResult(byte[] fileContents, string contentType) : base(contentType)  4  {  5         if (fileContents == null)  6  {  7             throw new ArgumentNullException("fileContents");  8  }  9         this.FileContents = fileContents; 10  } 11         
12     protected override void WriteFile(HttpResponseBase response) 13  { 14         response.OutputStream.Write(this.FileContents, 0, this.FileContents.Length); 15  } 16         
17     public byte[] FileContents { get; private set; } 18 } 19 public abstract class Controller : ControllerBase, IActionFilter, IAuthorizationFilter, IDisposable, IExceptionFilter, IResultFilter, IAsyncController, IController, IAsyncManagerContainer 20 { 21     protected internal FileContentResult File(byte[] fileContents, string contentType) 22  { 23         return this.File(fileContents, contentType, null); 24  } 25     protected internal virtual FileContentResult File(byte[] fileContents, string contentType, string fileDownloadName) 26  { 27         return new FileContentResult(fileContents, contentType) { FileDownloadName = fileDownloadName }; 28  } 29 }
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抽象类Controller中定义了如上两个File重载根据指定的字节数组、媒体类型和下载文件名(可选)生成相应的FileContentResult。因为FileContentResult是根据字节数组建立的,当咱们须要动态生成响应文件内容(而不是从物理文件中读取)时,FileContentResult是一个不错的选择。spa

3、FilePathResult3d

从名称能够看出,FilePathResult是一个根据物理文件路径建立FileResult。以下面的代码片断所示,表示响应文件的路径经过只读属性FileName表示,该属性在构造函数中被初始化。在实现的WriteFile方法中,FilePathResult直接将文件路径做为参数调用当前HttpResponse的TransmiteFile实现了针对文件内容的响应。抽象类Controller一样定义了两个File方法重载来根据文件路径建立相应的FilePathResult。

 1 public class FilePathResult : FileResult  2 {  3     public FilePathResult(string fileName, string contentType) : base(contentType)  4  {  5         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName))  6  {  7             throw new ArgumentException(MvcResources.Common_NullOrEmpty, "fileName");  8  }  9         this.FileName = fileName; 10  } 11         
12     protected override void WriteFile(HttpResponseBase response) 13  { 14         response.TransmitFile(this.FileName); 15  } 16         
17     public string FileName { get; private set; } 18 } 19 public abstract class Controller : ControllerBase,... 20 { 21     protected internal FilePathResult File(string fileName, string contentType) 22  { 23         return this.File(fileName, contentType, null); 24  } 25     protected internal virtual FilePathResult File(string fileName, string contentType, string fileDownloadName) 26  { 27         return new FilePathResult(fileName, contentType) { FileDownloadName = fileDownloadName }; 28  } 29  ..... 30 } 
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4、FileStreamResult

FileStreamResult容许咱们经过一个用于读取文件内容的流来建立FileResult。以下面的代码片断所示,读取文件流经过只读属性FileStream表示,该属性在构造函数中被初始化。在实现的WriteFile方法中,FileStreamResult经过指定的文件流读取文件内容,并最终调用当前HttpResponse的OutputStream属性和Write方法将读取的内容写入当前Http相应的输出流中。抽象类Controller中一样定义了两个File方法重载根据文件杜宇流建立相应的FileStreamResult。

 1 public class FileStreamResult : FileResult  2 {  3     private const int BufferSize = 0x1000;  4         
 5     public FileStreamResult(Stream fileStream, string contentType) : base(contentType)  6  {  7         if (fileStream == null)  8  {  9             throw new ArgumentNullException("fileStream"); 10  } 11         this.FileStream = fileStream; 12  } 13         
14     protected override void WriteFile(HttpResponseBase response) 15  { 16         Stream outputStream = response.OutputStream; 17         using (this.FileStream) 18  { 19             byte[] buffer = new byte[0x1000]; 20             while (true) 21  { 22                 int count = this.FileStream.Read(buffer, 0, 0x1000); 23                 if (count == 0) 24  { 25                     return; 26  } 27                 outputStream.Write(buffer, 0, count); 28  } 29  } 30  } 31         
32     public Stream FileStream { get; private set; } 33 } 34 public abstract class Controller : ControllerBase, ... 35 { 36     protected internal FileStreamResult File(Stream fileStream, string contentType) 37  { 38         return this.File(fileStream, contentType, null); 39  } 40     protected internal virtual FileStreamResult File(Stream fileStream, string contentType, string fileDownloadName) 41  { 42         return new FileStreamResult(fileStream, contentType) { FileDownloadName = fileDownloadName }; 43  } 44  ... 45 }
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以上即是FileResult的三个子类。好了,关于FileResult的接受就到这里。

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