初学Linux,采用边实战nginx边学Linux命令的方式,这样学习的还快还真实一些.固然,问题来的很快.我使用的是redhat,安装pcre就出现了问题,以下:php
1 [root@localhost ~]# yum install pcre 2 Loading "security" plugin 3 Loading "installonlyn" plugin 4 Loading "rhnplugin" plugin 5 This system is not registered with RHN. 6 RHN support will be disabled. 7 Setting up Install Process 8 Setting up repositories 9 No Repositories Available to Set Up 10 Reading repository metadata in from local files 11 Parsing package install arguments 12 Setting up repositories 13 No Repositories Available to Set Up 14 Reading repository metadata in from local files 15 No Match for argument: pcre 16 Nothing to do
从5-6行的描述来看,系统尚未注册RHN.网上查了一下整理到这里,固然你通过本人测试过的.大体过程是从新安装CentOS的yum,卸载Redhat的.好吧,继续node
1)查看redhat版本.python
不一样的redhat版本安装的yum不一样,因此在这里须要先知道linux的版本.使用命令linux
1 cat /etc/issue
个人Linux版本为:nginx
1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.1 (Tikanga) 2 Kernel \r on an \m
2)卸载yum.centos
1 rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
执行后等待,后不会有任何提示,不过能够使用命令缓存
1 rpm -qa|grep yum
在卸载先后查看一下yum就能够对比得出,卸载是否有效.app
3)安装yum.ide
从http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/(网址可能会发生变化,请网上找最新的版本)找到对应版本的RPM包,进入http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.1/readme,内容是:学习
1 This directory (and version of CentOS) is depreciated. For normal users, 2 you should use /5/ and not /5.1/ in your path. Please see this FAQ 3 concerning the CentOS release scheme: 4 5 http://www.centos.org/modules/smartfaq/faq.php?faqid=34 6 7 If you know what you are doing, and absolutely want to remain at the 5.1 8 level, go to http://vault.centos.org/ for packages.
大体的意思是使用centos5的版本便可.根据32位仍是64位执行不一样的命令下载便可.
CentOS5
32位版的:
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
64位版的:
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
下载完成,执行结果以下:
1 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm 2 wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm 3 wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm 4 wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm--23:31:13-- http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm 5 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110 6 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected. 7 HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK 8 Length: 34330 (34K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] 9 Saving to: `python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm' 10 11 100%[==========================================================================>] 34,330 222K/s in 0.2s 12 13 23:31:13 (222 KB/s) - `python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm' saved [34330/34330] 14 15 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm 16 --23:31:13-- http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm 17 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110 18 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected. 19 HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK 20 Length: 1034960 (1011K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] 21 Saving to: `yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' 22 23 100%[==========================================================================>] 1,034,960 410K/s in 2.5s 24 25 23:31:16 (410 KB/s) - `yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' saved [1034960/1034960] 26 27 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm 28 --23:31:16-- http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm 29 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110 30 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected. 31 HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK 32 Length: 26164 (26K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] 33 Saving to: `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm' 34 35 100%[==========================================================================>] 26,164 125K/s in 0.2s 36 37 23:31:16 (125 KB/s) - `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm' saved [26164/26164] 38 39 [root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm--23:31:25-- http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm 40 Resolving mirrors.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110 41 Connecting to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected. 42 HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK 43 Length: 21033 (21K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] 44 Saving to: `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' 45 46 100%[===========================================================================================>] 21,033 --.-K/s in 0.1s 47 48 23:31:26 (183 KB/s) - `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' saved [21033/21033]
安装顺序以下:
1 rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm 2 rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm 3 rpm -ivh yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
执行结果以下:
1 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm 2 warning: python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897 3 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 4 1:python-iniparse ########################################### [100%] 5 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm 6 warning: yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897 7 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 8 1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [100%] 9 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm 10 warning: yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897 11 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 12 1:yum-fastestmirror ########################################### [ 50%] 13 2:yum ########################################### [100%]
4)下载yum配置源.
1 mv rhel-debuginfo.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak 2 cd /etc/yum.repos.d 3 wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo
5)生成缓存.
执行命令:
1 yum makecache
执行结果:
1 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 2 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 3 addons 100% |=========================| 1.9 kB 00:00 4 addons/filelists_db 100% |=========================| 574 B 00:00 5 addons/other_db 100% |=========================| 550 B 00:00 6 addons/primary_db 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 7 base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 8 base/filelists 100% |=========================| 3.1 MB 00:06 9 base/other 100% |=========================| 11 MB 00:32 10 base/group 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB 00:07 11 base/primary 100% |=========================| 995 kB 00:02 12 extras 100% |=========================| 2.1 kB 00:00 13 extras/filelists_db 100% |=========================| 211 kB 00:01 14 extras/other_db 100% |=========================| 431 kB 00:01 15 extras/group 100% |=========================| 9.7 kB 00:00 16 extras/primary_db 100% |=========================| 164 kB 00:00 17 update 100% |=========================| 1.9 kB 00:00 18 update/filelists_db 100% |=========================| 858 kB 00:02 19 update/other_db 100% |=========================| 4.7 MB 00:26 20 update/primary_db 100% |=========================| 173 kB 00:02 21 base 2789/2789 22 base 2789/2789 23 base 2789/2789 24 Metadata Cache Created
完成.