使用python获取天气接口给指定微信好友发天气预报

先看下效果图:python

用到的模块:mysql

  • PyMySQL
  • requests
  • threading
  • wxpy

要实现上面的示例,首先是有两大块地方sql

  • 获取天气信息
  • 经过微信将天气信息发送出去

而获取天气信息又包括几个小的须要注意的地方数据库

  • 获取天气信息
    • 获取天气信息的接口
    • 获取天气信息的城市
    • 获取所在城市的城市码

假如咱们给多我的发送天气状况,这几我的来自不一样的城市,那么咱们不可能每次都要输入城市名,而后查找城市码,而后再访问接口,获取天气状况,这样会很是的麻烦,因此咱们须要考虑将城市名跟城市码一一对应起来,说到一一对应,首先想到的数据结构即是字典,因此咱们能够将这些信息存入一个字典里,而后持久化到一个文件中,这样便方便不少json

首先咱们获取最新的 city 表,这个表是一个 list 类型,大致格式以下:api

[
  {
    "id": 1,
    "pid": 0,
    "city_code": "101010100",
    "city_name": "北京",
    "post_code": "100000",
    "area_code": "010",
    "ctime": "2019-07-11 17:30:06"
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "pid": 0,
    "city_code": "",
    "city_name": "安徽",
    "post_code": null,
    "area_code": null,
    "ctime": null
  }
]
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咱们就简单的粘贴复制,放到一个空的列表中,以下所示,将全部的城市信息放到列表 citycode 中微信

citycode = [
  {
    "id": 1,
    "pid": 0,
    "city_code": "101010100",
    "city_name": "北京",
    "post_code": "100000",
    "area_code": "010",
    "ctime": "2019-07-11 17:30:06"
  },
...
...
...
...
...
...
  {
    "id": 2,
    "pid": 0,
    "city_code": "None",
    "city_name": "安徽",
    "post_code": "null",
    "area_code": "null",
    "ctime": "null"
  }
]

cityinfo = {}
#将城市名和城市代码写入json文件中
with open('city_for_code.json','w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    for i in citycode:
        name = i["city_name"]
        code = i["city_code"]
        cityinfo[name] = code
    f.write(str(cityinfo))

#测试是否能读取
with open('city_for_code.json','r+',encoding='utf-8') as file:
    data_dst = file.readlines()
    d = eval(data_dst[0])
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而后就是一顿处理,只把咱们所需的 city_name 和 city_code 这俩字段取出便可,随后写入文件中。若是读取的话就按照上面方法去读取,须要注意的是,使用 open()方法读取文件,获得的内容是一个列表,咱们须要经过 eval()方法转化成 dict 类型。markdown

这是把 city_name 和 city_code 放到一个文件中的方法,另外咱们也能够放到数据库中,这里以 MySQL 为例,安装 PyMySQL 模块数据结构

import pymysql

db_parames = {
    'host': 'localhost',
    'user': 'root',
    'password': '123456',
    'database': 'city_code_info'
}
#链接数据库
conn = pymysql.connect(**db_parames)

#建立游标对象,增删改查都在游标上进行
cursor = conn.cursor()

#表存在,就删除
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS city_code")

#建表语句
create_table_sql = """CREATE TABLE `city_code` (
  `city_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `city_code` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
"""
#建表
cursor.execute(create_table_sql)

#插入数据
with open('city_for_code.json','r+',encoding='utf-8') as f:
    origin_data = f.readlines()
    current_data = eval(origin_data[0])   #读取的内容是一个列表,且只包含一个元素
    #print(current_data.get('北京','Not Exists.'))
    for name, code in current_data.items():
        sql = """INSERT INTO city_code(city_name, city_code) VALUES ('%s', '%s')""" % (name, code)
        try:
            cursor.execute(sql)
        except:
            conn.rollback()
    conn.commit()
    conn.close()
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执行这个 python 程序就能够将文件中的城市名跟城市码存到库中,固然咱们也能够直接获取到城市名和城市码,而后跳过文件持久化这一步,直接把这两个字段取出存进去,可是考虑着代码要多练多写,就画蛇添足了一下。app

下面是输入城市名就能获得城市码的代码块:

import pymysql

def get_city_code(city_name):
    db_parames = {
    'host': 'localhost',
    'user': 'root',
    'password': '123456',
    'database': 'city_code_info'
    }
    #链接数据库
    conn = pymysql.connect(**db_parames)

    #建立游标对象,增删改查都在游标上进行
    cursor = conn.cursor()

    #建立查询语句
    select_sql = "SELECT * FROM city_code where city_name='%s'"%(city_name)
    try:
        cursor.execute(select_sql)
        result = cursor.fetchall()
        for row in result:
            city_code = row[1]
        return city_code
    except:
        return "Error: unable fetch data!"
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而后是根据输入的城市码来获取天气状况:

import requests

def get_weather(city_name,get_date_time=3):
    city_code = get_city_code(city_name)
    url = 'http://t.weather.sojson.com/api/weather/city/%s'%(city_code)
    header = {
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36'
    }
    response = requests.get(url,header)
    response.encoding = 'utf-8'
    weather = response.json()
    day = {1: '明天', 2: '后天', 3: '大后天'}
    weather_lst = []
    for num in range(get_date_time):
        City = weather["cityInfo"]["city"]
        Weatherganmao = weather["data"]["ganmao"]
        Weatherquality = weather["data"]["quality"]
        Weathershidu = weather["data"]["shidu"]
        Weatherwendu = weather["data"]["wendu"]
        Weatherpm25 = str(weather["data"]["pm25"])
        Weatherpm10 = str(weather["data"]["pm10"])
        Dateymd = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["ymd"]
        Dateweek = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["week"]
        Sunrise = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["sunrise"]
        Sunset = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["sunset"]
        Windfx = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["fx"]
        Windf1 = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["fl"]
        Weathertype = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["type"]
        Weathernotice = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["notice"]
        Weatherhigh = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["high"]
        Weatherlow = weather["data"]["forecast"][num]["low"]
        if num == 0:
            result = '今日天气预报' + '\n' \
                + '日期: ' + Dateymd + ' ' + Dateweek + ' ' + City + '\n' \
                + '天气: ' + Weathertype + ' ' + Windfx + ' ' + Windf1 + ' ' + Weathernotice + '\n' \
                + '当前温度: ' + Weatherwendu + '℃' + '\n' \
                + '空气湿度: ' + Weathershidu + '\n' \
                + '温度范围: ' + Weatherlow + '' + '~' + '' + Weatherhigh + '\n' \
                + '污染指数: ' + 'PM2.5: ' + Weatherpm25 + ' ' + 'PM10: ' + Weatherpm10 + '\n' \
                + '空气质量: ' + Weatherquality + '\n' \
                + '日出时间: ' + Sunrise + '\n' \
                + '日落时间: ' + Sunset + '\n' \
                + '舒适提示: ' + Weatherganmao
        else:
            which_day = day.get(num,'超出范围')
            result = '\n' + which_day + ' ' + '天气预报' + '\n' \
                + '日期: ' + Dateymd + ' ' + Dateweek + ' ' + City + '\n' \
                + '天气: ' + Weathertype + ' ' + Windfx + ' ' + Windf1 + ' ' + Weathernotice + '\n' \
                + '温度范围: ' + Weatherlow + '' + '~' + '' + Weatherhigh + '\n' \
                + '日出时间: ' + Sunrise + '\n' \
                + '日落时间: ' + Sunset + '\n' \
                + '舒适提示: ' + Weatherganmao
        weather_lst.append(result)
        weather_str = ''     #由于默认要输出三天的天气状况,因此咱们须要建立一个空字符串,而后每迭代一次,就将天气状况拼接到空字符串中。
        for msg in weather_lst:
            weather_str += msg + '\n'

    return weather_str
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下面是发送微信消息

from wxpy import *

def send_wx(city_name, who):
    bot = Bot(cache_path=True)
    #bot = Bot(console_qr=2, cache_path='botoo.pkl')
    my_friend = bot.friends().search(who)[0]
    msg = get_weather(city_name)
    try:
        my_friend.send(msg)
    except:
        my_friend = bot.friends().search('fei')[0]
        my_friend.send(u"发送失败")
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而后咱们还须要写一个定时器,每隔一段时间便要发送一次

from threading import Timer

def auto_send():
    city_name = '设置要发送的城市'
    friend_list = ['要发送的人']

    for who in friend_list:
        send_wx(city_name,who)
    global timer
    timer = Timer(1,auto_send)
    timer.start()
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最后执行程序

if __name__ == '__main__':
    timer = Timer(1,auto_send)
    timer.start()
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