首先看两个例子,经过subString方法得到字符串t,再经过t.charAt(3)方法得到字符串t的值中的第四个字符。其中会利用反射机制,改变字符串s的值。java
例子1:app
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String s="0123456789"; String t = s.substring(1); // 注意看这里 System.out.println("t.charAt(3)为" + t.charAt(3)); Field f = s.getClass().getDeclaredField("value"); f.setAccessible(true); f.set(s, new char[]{'a','b','c'}); System.out.println("t.charAt(3)为" + t.charAt(3)); } }
例子1 结果:ide
t.charAt(3)为4 t.charAt(3)为4
例子2:ui
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String s="0123456789"; String t = s.substring(0); //注意看这里 System.out.println("t.charAt(3)为" + t.charAt(3)); Field f = s.getClass().getDeclaredField("value"); f.setAccessible(true); f.set(s, new char[]{'a','b','c'}); System.out.println("t.charAt(3)为" + t.charAt(3)); } }
例子2 结果:this
t.charAt(3)为3 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: String index out of range: 3 at java.lang.String.charAt(String.java:658) at com.elong.mobile.guide.Test.main(Test.java:17) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:134)
分析缘由.net
首先看一下java doc中对public String substring(int beginIndex)方法的说明code
Returns a new string that is a substring of this string. The substring begins with the character at the specified index and extends to the end of this string.
文档中说明subString方法会返回一个新的String对象,但上面两个例子中,只有beginIndex值不一样,结果确不一样,例1能正常运行,例2却抛出了StringIndexOutOfBoundsException异常。咱们再看一下String当中subString方法的源码,一探究竟。对象
public String substring(int beginIndex) { if (beginIndex < 0) { throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(beginIndex); } int subLen = value.length - beginIndex; if (subLen < 0) { throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(subLen); } return (beginIndex == 0) ? this : new String(value, beginIndex, subLen); }
注意最后一行,缘由就出如今这里,当beginIndex等于0时,Java会返回当前对象的引用,不会建立新的String对象,当咱们经过反射改变字符串s的值时,再经过t.charAt方法获取值的时候,就可能会抛出StringIndexOutOfBoundsException异常。blog
(完)ci