Hadoop单机版安装

资源下载

经常使用的Hadoop发行版：

/	优势	缺点
Apache	纯开源	不一样版本/不一样框架之间整合 jar冲突
CDH	有比较完善的客户端cm、能够一键式安装升级	cm不开源、与社区版本有些许出入
Hortonworks	原装Hadoop、纯开源、支持tez	企业级安全不开源

其中CDH占市场使用率的60%-70%，因此本次学习打算使用CDH的版本
Hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1下载地址
CDH官方文档
CentOS7下载地址
JDK8下载地址（百度网盘提取码dg3v）

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安装Hadoop单机版

安装CentOS7的时候设置hostname为hadoop000 而且建立hadoop用户

目录介绍

[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ pwd
/home/hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ ll
总用量 0
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 67 2月  10 04:07 app  //java、hadoop等软件的安装目录
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 77 2月  10 00:27 software //安装包目录

安装JDK

解压jdk并配置环境变量
scp复制本地文件到Linux

scp jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz hadoop@192.168.7.83:~/software/

解压jdk

tar -zvxf jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz -C ~/app/

配置环境变量

vi ~/.bash_profile
export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_241
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
source ~/.bash_profile

验证

[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_241"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_241-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.241-b07, mixed mode)

安装本机ssh免密登录

ssh-keygen -t rsa  //一路回车

[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ cd ~/.ssh
[hadoop@hadoop000 .ssh]$ ll
总用量 16
-rw-------. 1 hadoop hadoop 1675 2月  10 03:52 id_rsa //私钥
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop  398 2月  10 03:52 id_rsa.pub //公钥
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop  376 2月  18 01:28 known_hosts

cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
chmod 600 authorized_keys

安装hdfs单机版

解压Hadoop

tar -zxvf ~/software/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1.tar.gz -C ~/app/

配置Hadoop环境变量（加在JDK的下面便可）

vi ~/.bash_profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
source ~/.bash_profile

Hadoop目录介绍

[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ cd ~/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1/
[hadoop@hadoop000 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1]$ ll
总用量 116
drwxr-xr-x.  2 hadoop hadoop   137 6月   1 2017 bin //Hadoop客户端操做命令
drwxr-xr-x.  2 hadoop hadoop   166 6月   1 2017 bin-mapreduce1
drwxr-xr-x.  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 6月   1 2017 cloudera
drwxr-xr-x.  6 hadoop hadoop   109 6月   1 2017 etc //Hadoop配置文件
drwxr-xr-x.  5 hadoop hadoop    43 6月   1 2017 examples
drwxr-xr-x.  3 hadoop hadoop    28 6月   1 2017 examples-mapreduce1
drwxr-xr-x.  2 hadoop hadoop   106 6月   1 2017 include
drwxr-xr-x.  3 hadoop hadoop    20 6月   1 2017 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  3 hadoop hadoop   261 6月   1 2017 libexec
-rw-r--r--.  1 hadoop hadoop 85063 6月   1 2017 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r--.  1 hadoop hadoop 14978 6月   1 2017 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r--.  1 hadoop hadoop  1366 6月   1 2017 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x.  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 6月   1 2017 sbin //Hadoop启动命令脚本
drwxr-xr-x.  4 hadoop hadoop    31 6月   1 2017 share //例子
drwxr-xr-x. 18 hadoop hadoop  4096 6月   1 2017 src

etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh（若是已经配置JAVA_HOME则能够省略）

export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_241

etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<property>
    <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
    <value>hdfs://hadoop000:8020</value>
</property>

建立HDFS存储目录

mkdir /home/hadoop/app/tmp

etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
Hadoop单机版hdfs的副本配置（dfs.replication）为1便可

<property>
    <name>dfs.replication</name>
    <value>1</value>
</property>
        
<property>
    <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
    <value>/home/hadoop/app/tmp</value>
</property>

etc/hadoop/slaves

hadoop000

启动HDFS
第一次执行的时候必定要格式化文件系统，不要重复执行

hdfs namenode -format

启动与中止hdfs集群

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-dfs.sh

验证：

[hadoop@hadoop000 bin]$ jps
3345 DataNode
3494 SecondaryNameNode
3597 Jps
3230 NameNode

上传文件到hdfs

[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ hadoop fs -ls /
20/02/18 02:46:52 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ hadoop fs -put jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz /
20/02/18 02:47:07 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ hadoop fs -ls /
20/02/18 02:47:16 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup  194545143 2020-02-18 02:47 /jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz

安装yarn

etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

<property>
    <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
    <value>yarn</value>
</property>

etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

<property>
     <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
     <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>

启动与中止yarn集群

$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-yarn.sh

验证

[hadoop@hadoop000 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1]$ jps
21042 ResourceManager
21493 Jps
4070 NameNode
4342 SecondaryNameNode
4190 DataNode
21198 NodeManager

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其余

完整的~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_241
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH

访问该机的50070端口（hdfs）
若是没法访问请关闭防火墙

sudo firewall-cmd --state //查看防火墙状态
sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service //关闭防火墙
sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service //禁止开机启动

访问8088端口（yarn）

HDFS 经常使用命令

hadoop fs -ls /
hadoop fs -put
hadoop fs -copyFromLocal
hadoop fs -moveFromLocal
hadoop fs -cat
hadoop fs -text
hadoop fs -get
hadoop fs -mkdir 
hadoop fs -mv  //移动/更名
hadoop fs -getmerge
hadoop fs -rm
hadoop fs -rmdir
hadoop fs -rm -r