前置知识#
咱们想登录到mysql中前提是确定须要一个用户名和密码：好比 root roothtml
在mysql中用户的信息会存放在 mysql数据库下的 user表中mysql
能够 use mysql 而后select * from user\G;查看到系统上的所用的用户信息；sql
其中有一列叫作HOST，HOST的不一样值决定了用户拥有不一样的登录方式：好比：数据库
| 标识符 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| % | 任意ip均等登录 |
| localhost | 只容许本地登录 |
| 127.0.0.1 | 只容许本地登录 |
| sv1 | 主机名为sv1的机器可登陆，主机名能够在 /etc/hostname中查看 |
| ::1 | 本机可登陆 |
因此在登录前，请肯定你的使用的登录用户的HOST列中有相应的配置vim
骚气的登录#
在mac上登录华为云的服务器bash
MacBook-Pro% ssh 'root'@'139.9.92.123'
root@139.9.92.123's password: Last failed login: Fri May 29 11:03:42 CST 2020 from 202.85.208.14 on ssh:notty There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login. Last login: Thu May 28 16:36:32 2020 from 202.85.208.7 Welcome to Huawei Cloud Service -bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (UTF-8): No such file or directory [root@139 ~]#
在mac上远程登录服务器上的mysql服务器
MacBook-Pro% ./mysql -h139.9.92.123 -uroot -reqw123.. -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2174
Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
mac登录本地的mysqldom
若是你有配置环境变量，在任何目录下系统都识别mysql命令ssh
你能够直接像下面这样登录：socket
MacBook-Pro% mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
若是你没有配置环境变量，系统就不能直接识别mysql命令，须要你进入到mysql安装目录下的bin文件下，找到mysql命令，而后执行登录的动做
MacBook-Pro% /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
也能够用远程登录的方式登录本地mysql
MacBook-Pro% mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot -P3306
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| assignment |
| cal |
本地登录
咱们能够借助mysql.sock实现本地登录。
那这个mysql.sock是什么？
很直观的咱们得知道这个mysql.sock的做用，经过它咱们能够实现mysql的本地登录。
mysql.sock应该是mysql的主机和客户机在同一host（物理服务器）上的时候，使用unix domain socket作为通信协议的载体，它比tcp快。
经过命令能够查看到mysql.sock的位置。
MacBook-Pro% netstat -ln | grep mysql
64e3f4c55eb824d7 stream 0 0 64e3f4c5614859a7 0 0 0 /tmp/mysql.sock
记下这个 mysql.sock的地址。接下来咱们会建立一个配置文件，你找个看着比较顺眼的目录放置这个配置文件。
我实在这样建立的：
MacBook-Pro% sudo mkdir etc
MacBook-Pro% ls -l
total 552
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 275235 Mar 24 01:35 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 587 Mar 24 01:35 README
drwxr-xr-x 40 root wheel 1280 Mar 24 02:45 bin
drwxr-x--- 27 _mysql _mysql 864 May 28 20:44 data
drwxr-xr-x 5 root wheel 160 Mar 24 02:44 docs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 64 May 29 11:39 etc
drwxr-xr-x 53 root wheel 1696 Mar 24 02:44 include
drwxr-x--- 3 _mysql _mysql 96 May 28 20:44 keyring
drwxr-xr-x 11 root wheel 352 May 13 09:16 lib
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 128 Mar 24 02:44 man
drwxr-xr-x 39 root wheel 1248 Mar 24 02:44 share
drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 192 May 28 19:20 support-files
MacBook-Pro% cd etc
MacBook-Pro% sudo touch user.root.cnf
MacBook-Pro% sudo vim user.root.cnf
而后在 user.root.cnf 中添加以下的配置：
[client]
user=root
password=root
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
好了，如今能够这样实现本地登录
MacBook-Pro% ../bin/mysql --defaults-extra-file=./user.root.cnf
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
花里胡哨的本地登录
有时候，你可能会看到其余大佬登录mysql时使用： mysql.local 骚气十足的本地登录mysql
他是怎么作到的呢？能够借助alias+mysql.sock实现：
为咱们的登录mysql的命令添加别名，像下面这样：
MacBook-Pro% alias mysql.local='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/mysql/etc/user.root.cnf'
MacBook-Pro% mysql.local
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
今后，你也能够骚气登录mysql