SIGPIPE信号

SIGPIPE
往一个已经接收到FIN的套接中写是容许的，接收到的FIN仅仅表明对方再也不发送数据。并不能表明我不能发送数据给对方。
往一个FIN结束的进程中写(write)，对方会发送一个RST字段过来，TCP重置。若是再调用write就会产生SIGPIPE信号

 　　一般，咱们只须要忽略这个信号便可：signal(SIGPIPE,ISG_IGN);

　　模拟捕捉SIGPIPE信号。首先是客户端程序：

#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<signal.h>
#define ERR_EXIT(m)\
    do\
    {\
        perror(m);\
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\
    }while(0)
ssize_t readn(int fd,void *buf,size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nread;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nread=read(fd,bufp,nleft))<0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            else
                return -1;
        }
        else if(nread==0)
            return (count-nleft);
        bufp+=nread;
        nleft-=nread;
    }
    return count;
}
ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nwritten;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nwritten=write(fd,bufp,nleft))<=0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            return -1;
        }else if(nwritten==0)
            continue;
        bufp+=nwritten;
        nleft-=nwritten;
    }
    return count;

}
ssize_t recv_peek(int sockfd,void *buf,size_t len)
{
    while(1)
    {
        int ret=recv(sockfd,buf,len,MSG_PEEK);//从sockfd读取内容到buf,但不去清空sockfd,偷窥
        if(ret==-1&&errno==EINTR)
            continue;
        return ret;
    }
}
//偷窥方案实现readline避免一次读取一个字符
ssize_t readline(int sockfd,void * buf,size_t maxline)
{
    int ret;
    int nread;
    size_t nleft=maxline;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(1)
    {
        ret=recv_peek(sockfd,bufp,nleft);//不清除sockfd,只是窥看
        if(ret<0)
            return ret;
        else if(ret==0)
            return ret;
        nread=ret;
        int i;
        for(i=0;i<nread;i++)
        {
            if(bufp[i]=='\n')
            {
                ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,i+1);//读出sockfd中的一行而且清空
                if(ret!=i+1)
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                return ret;
            }
        }
        if(nread>nleft)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        nleft-=nread;
        ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,nread);
        if(ret!=nread)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        bufp+=nread;//移动指针继续窥看
    }
    return -1;
}
void echo_cli(int sock)
{
    char sendbuf[1024]={0};
    char recvbuf[1024]={0};    
    while(fgets(sendbuf,sizeof(sendbuf),stdin)!=NULL)//默认有换行符
    {
        
        //writen(sock,sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf));
        //在服务器已经终止以后（kill -9  通讯进程），第一次发送一个字节，引起RST
        write(sock,sendbuf,1);
        //第二次write 引起内核发送SIGPIPE信号，默认动做终止进程.
        write(sock,sendbuf+1,strlen(sendbuf)-1);
        int ret=readline(sock,recvbuf,1024);
        if(ret==-1)
            ERR_EXIT("readline");
　　　　//SIGPIPE信号默认终止
        else if(ret==0)
        {
            printf("service closed\n");
            break;
        }
        fputs(recvbuf,stdout);
        memset(sendbuf,0,sizeof(sendbuf));
        memset(recvbuf,0,sizeof(recvbuf));
    }
    close(sock);
}
void handle_sigpipe(int sig)
{
    printf("recive a signal=%d\n",sig);

}
int main(void)
{
        signal(SIGPIPE,handle_sigpipe);//捕捉第二次write的SIGPIPE信号,默认终止进程
        int sock;
        if((sock=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP))<0)
            ERR_EXIT("socket error");
    
        struct sockaddr_in servaddr;//本地协议地址赋给一个套接字
        memset(&servaddr,0,sizeof(servaddr));
        servaddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
        servaddr.sin_port=htons(5188);
    
        servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//服务器段地址
        //inet_aton("127.0.0.1",&servaddr.sin_addr);
    
        if(connect(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr))<0)
            ERR_EXIT("connect");

        //利用getsockname获取客户端自己地址和端口,即为对方accept中的对方套接口
        struct sockaddr_in localaddr;
        socklen_t addrlen=sizeof(localaddr);
        if(getsockname(sock,(struct sockaddr *)&localaddr,&addrlen)<0)
            ERR_EXIT("getsockname error");
        printf("local IP=%s, local port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(localaddr.sin_addr),ntohs(localaddr.sin_port));    
        //使用getpeername获取对方地址
    echo_cli(sock);
    return 0;
}

 

 

　　服务器端程序没有变化，只要先用kill -9 退出服务器客户端已链接进程便可实现模拟

#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#define ERR_EXIT(m)\
    do\
    {\
        perror(m);\
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\
    }while(0)
ssize_t readn(int fd,void *buf,size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nread;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nread=read(fd,bufp,nleft))<0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            else
                return -1;
        }
        else if(nread==0)
            return (count-nleft);
        bufp+=nread;
        nleft-=nread;
    }
    return count;
}
ssize_t writen(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
{
    size_t nleft=count;
    ssize_t nwritten;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(nleft>0)
    {
        if((nwritten=write(fd,bufp,nleft))<=0)
        {
            if(errno==EINTR)
                continue;
            return -1;
        }else if(nwritten==0)
            continue;
        bufp+=nwritten;
        nleft-=nwritten;
    }
    return count;

}
ssize_t recv_peek(int sockfd,void *buf,size_t len)
{
    while(1)
    {
        int ret=recv(sockfd,buf,len,MSG_PEEK);//从sockfd读取内容到buf,但不去清空sockfd,偷窥
        if(ret==-1&&errno==EINTR)
            continue;
        return ret;
    }
}
//偷窥方案实现readline避免一次读取一个字符
ssize_t readline(int sockfd,void * buf,size_t maxline)
{
    int ret;
    int nread;
    size_t nleft=maxline;
    char *bufp=(char*)buf;
    while(1)
    {
        ret=recv_peek(sockfd,bufp,nleft);//不清除sockfd,只是窥看
        if(ret<0)
            return ret;
        else if(ret==0)
            return ret;
        nread=ret;
        int i;
        for(i=0;i<nread;i++)
        {
            if(bufp[i]=='\n')
            {
                ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,i+1);//读出sockfd中的一行而且清空
                if(ret!=i+1)
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                return ret;
            }
        }
        if(nread>nleft)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        nleft-=nread;
        ret=readn(sockfd,bufp,nread);
        if(ret!=nread)
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        bufp+=nread;//移动指针继续窥看
    }
    return -1;
}
void echo_srv(int conn)
{
        int ret;
        char recvbuf[1024];
        while(1)
        {
            memset(&recvbuf,0,sizeof(recvbuf));
            //使用readn以后客户端发送的数据不足1024会阻塞
            //在客户端程序中肯定消息的边界，发送定长包
            ret=readline(conn,recvbuf,1024);                                                               
            //客户端关闭
            if(ret==-1)
                ERR_EXIT("readline");            
            else if(ret==0)
            {
                printf("client close\n");
                break;//不用继续循环等待客户端数据
            }
            fputs(recvbuf,stdout);
            writen(conn,recvbuf,strlen(recvbuf));
        }
}
void handle_sigchld(int sig)
{
    
    while(waitpid(-1,NULL, WNOHANG)>0)
        ;
        
}
int main(void)
{    
    
    signal(SIGCHLD,handle_sigchld);
    int listenfd;
    if((listenfd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP))<0)
        ERR_EXIT("socket error");
    //if((listenfd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))<0)
    

    //本地协议地址赋给一个套接字
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    memset(&servaddr,0,sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_port=htons(5188);
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);//表示本机地址

    //开启地址重复使用,关闭服务器再打开不用等待TIME_WAIT
    int on=1;
    if(setsockopt(listenfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&on,sizeof(on))<0)
        ERR_EXIT("setsockopt error");
    //绑定本地套接字
    if(bind(listenfd,(struct sockaddr*)&servaddr,sizeof(servaddr))<0)
        ERR_EXIT("bind error");
    if(listen(listenfd,SOMAXCONN)<0)//设置监听套接字(被动套接字)
        ERR_EXIT("listen error");
    
    struct sockaddr_in peeraddr;//对方套接字地址
    socklen_t peerlen=sizeof(peeraddr);
    int conn;//已链接套接字(主动套接字)
    pid_t pid;
    while(1){
        if((conn=accept(listenfd,(struct sockaddr*)&peeraddr,&peerlen))<0)
            ERR_EXIT("accept error");
        //链接好以后就构成链接，端口是客户端的。peeraddr是对端
        printf("ip=%s port=%d\n",inet_ntoa(peeraddr.sin_addr),ntohs(peeraddr.sin_port));
        pid=fork();
        if(pid==-1)
            ERR_EXIT("fork");
        if(pid==0){    
                close(listenfd);
                echo_srv(conn);
                //某个客户端关闭，结束该子进程,不然子进程也去接受链接
                //虽然结束了exit退出，可是内核还保留了其信息，父进程并未为其收尸。
                exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
        }else     close(conn);
    }
    return 0;
}