OS + Centos7.6 / CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1905-01.iso

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https://buildlogs.centos.org/rolling/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1905-01.iso

https://buildlogs.centos.org/rolling/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything.iso

 

centOS7下安装GUI图形界面

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-hcfjtyiv-bd.html

1、如何在centOS7下安装GUI图形界面

       当你安装centOS7服务器版本的时候，系统默认是不会安装GUI的图形界面程序，这个须要手动安装CentOS7 Gnome GUI包。

2、在系统下使用命令安装gnome图形界面程序

       在安装Gnome包以前，须要检查一下安装源(yum)是否正常，由于须要在yum命令来安装gnome包。

       第一步：先检查yum 是否安装了，以及网络是否有网络。若是这二者都没有，先解决网络，在解决yum的安装。

　　（配置步骤能够查看个人博客文章-centOS-配置网络地址-的步骤来实现 ）

       第二步：在命令行下 输入下面的命令来安装Gnome包。

       # yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" "Graphical Administration Tools"

       第三步：更新系统的运行级别。

       # ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target

       第四步：重启机器。启动默认进入图形界面。

       # reboot

 

3、系统启动后直接进入图形界面

 　　

 

CentOS无损调整home，root磁盘的大小

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-kuxgshbb-hk.html

调整硬盘分区大小
想增长root空间，减小home空间。

须要说明的是整个操做须要使用root用户。

1.查看硬盘使用状况。

[root@Slave1 /]# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root   50G   22G   26G  46% /
tmpfs                          7.8G  160K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      485M   40M  420M   9% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home  860G   25G  792G   4% /home

能够看到home的大小是860G，而root的大小只有50G。

个人目标是将home的大小缩小为200G，其他的加到root中

接下来好戏上演了：

2.卸载/home

[root@Slave1 /]# umount /home
umount: /home: device is busy.
        (In some cases useful info about processes that use
         the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

出现这种状况表示有应用程序正在占用home，强制清除掉就能够，使用下边的命令

[root@Slave1 /]# fuser -km /home

强制清除后在进行卸载

[root@Slave1 /]# umount /home

三、调整分区大小

[root@Slave1 /]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home: 255/57229312 files (1.2% non-contiguous), 10040281/228912128 blocks

设置home的大小为200G

[root@Slave1 /]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home 200G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home to 52428800 (4k) blocks.
Begin pass 2 (max = 32992)
Relocating blocks             XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Begin pass 3 (max = 6986)
Scanning inode table          XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Begin pass 4 (max = 123)
Updating inode references     XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home is now 52428800 blocks long.

挂载home

[root@Slave1 /]# mount /home
[root@Slave1 /]# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root   50G   22G   26G  46% /
tmpfs                          7.8G  232K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      485M   40M  420M   9% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home  197G   25G  163G  14% /home

能够看到home的磁盘大小已经减少到了197G，剩余3G的空间应该是被用掉了

4.释放空间

[root@Slave1 /]# lvreduce -L 200G /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home
  WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 200.00 GiB
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv_home? [y/n]: y
  Reducing logical volume lv_home to 200.00 GiB
  Logical volume lv_home successfully resized

[root@Slave1 /]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_slave6
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  5
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               931.02 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              238341
  Alloc PE / Size       65994 / 257.79 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       172347 / 673.23 GiB
  VG UUID               g1cRWV-O788-QKCc-lQG0-JaEp-s2BB-xNHxF3

会看到有637.23G的剩余空间，接下来要作的就是把这些空间加载到root中

5.增长空余空间到root

[root@Slave1 /]# lvextend -L +673.23G /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root
  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 673.23 GiB
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 723.23 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized

接下来这个操做可能须要时间长点，加载的空间越大时间越长。

root@Slave1 /]# lvextend -L +673.23G /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root
  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 673.23 GiB
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 723.23 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
[root@Slave1 /]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 46
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root to 189590528 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root is now 189590528 blocks long.

查看一下

[root@Slave1 /]# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_root  712G   22G  655G   4% /
tmpfs                          7.8G  232K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      485M   40M  420M   9% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_slave6-lv_home  197G   25G  163G  14% /home

大功告成，home，root中的内容没有丢失

 

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