Swoole 同步模式与协程模式的对比

时间  2019-11-07
标签 swoole 同步 模式 对比 繁體版
原文   原文链接

在现代化 PHP 高级开发中，Swoole 为 PHP 带来了更多可能，如：常驻内存、协程，关于传统的 Apache/FPM 模式与常驻内存模式(同步)的巨大差别，以前我作过测试，你们能直观的感觉到性能的巨大提高，可是协程到来后，又带来了多少性能的提高呢？提高的又是哪方面的性能？下面逐步测试一下。php

传统的 Apache/FPM 模式与常驻内存模式(同步)的测试文章：
MixPHP 并发性能全面对比测试nginx

协程的优点

协程模式与常驻内存模式(同步)/传统模式相比：git

常驻模式/传统模式都属于同步阻塞编程，因为同一个进程不能并行处理请求，因此为了提升并发，只能开启更多的进程，一般超过 100 甚至更多，每一个进程都有基础的内存消耗，加起来就不少了，并且受限于 Linux 总进程数限制，并发总数没法突破，加上进程很是多以后，CPU 须要更多的线程切换，浪费了不少性能，固然相比 FPM 的传统模式每次都需从头开始，常驻模式仍是要好很是多的，可是协程显然更加优秀。github

协程模式的执行方式：docker

协程模式中一个进程能够同时执行 N 个请求，但同一时刻只执行其中的某一个请求，也就是说，当执行到 MySQL/Redis 这些客户端时，因为须要等待客户端响应，常驻模式/传统模式一般是在傻傻的等待响应，而协程这个时候会挂起当前协程，切换到其余协程中去处理其余请求，因此协程能同时处理 N 个请求，每增长一个请求只需增长一些内存消耗，相比增长一个进程的内存消耗，显然是少太多的，因为协程能并行处理，因此一般只需配置于 CPU 数量 1～2 倍左右的进程数便可，更少的进程带来更少的 CPU 线程切换，又减小不少性能损耗。shell

开始测试

MixPHP 是一个基于 Swoole 的FPM、常驻内存、协程三模 PHP 高性能框架，因为该框架同时具有常驻内存模式、协程模式，因此能很方便的测试结果。apache

测试环境：编程

docker 容器，限制只能使用 1 CPU。并发

其余参数以下：框架

Server      Name:      mix-httpd
Framework   Version:   1.1.0-RC
PHP         Version:   7.2.9
Swoole      Version:   4.1.0
Listen      Addr:      127.0.0.1
Listen      Port:      9501

代码：

模拟经常使用的 HTTP 开发需求，执行三个 SQL 请求。

// 默认动做
public function actionIndex()
{
    PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 1")->queryOne();
    PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` where id = 2")->queryOne();
    return PDO::createCommand("select * from `test` limit 5")->queryAll();
}

测试结果

常驻内存模式(同步)：

进程数 并发数 RPS
8 100 838.65
8 300 683.78
8 500 688.56
50 100 770.69
50 300 304.90
50 300 378.95

协程模式：

进程数 并发数 RPS
8 100 834.12
8 300 837.50
8 500 824.14

协程在本次测试中并无像以前的传统 Apache/FPM 模式与常驻内存模式(同步)的测试同样展示出巨大的性能提高，说明：

  • 在少许能快速响应的 SQL 请求中，协程的提高并不明显，应该要在响应时间更大时，才能感觉到协程优点。
  • 常驻内存模式的进程数配置过多，并发性能反而会下降，该问题一样适用于传统 Apache/FPM 模式。

常驻内存模式(同步)详细测试

首先 8 个 Worker 进程，并发 100 测试，RPS 为 838.65。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   11.924 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    838.65 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       119.239 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.192 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          217.85 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.2      0       4
Processing:    20  118  18.3    118     195
Waiting:       19  118  18.4    118     195
Total:         20  118  18.4    119     195

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    119
  66%    126
  75%    130
  80%    133
  90%    141
  95%    147
  98%    155
  99%    161
 100%    195 (longest request)

而后使用 8 个 Worker 进程，并发 300 测试，RPS 为 683.78。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      300
Time taken for tests:   14.624 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    683.78 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       438.735 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.462 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          177.62 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0  30.0      0    3000
Processing:    62  432 493.4    354    3457
Waiting:       54  431 488.1    354    3455
Total:         62  433 494.1    354    3457

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    354
  66%    373
  75%    385
  80%    392
  90%    411
  95%    432
  98%   3170
  99%   3266
 100%   3457 (longest request)

而后使用 8 个 Worker 进程，并发 500 测试，RPS 为 688.56。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      500
Time taken for tests:   14.523 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    688.56 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       726.150 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.452 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          178.87 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0  30.0      0    3000
Processing:   102  707 618.4    596    3632
Waiting:       89  703 605.6    595    3629
Total:        102  707 618.9    596    3633

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    596
  66%    620
  75%    635
  80%    645
  90%    679
  95%   3125
  98%   3401
  99%   3495
 100%   3633 (longest request)

如今调整为 50 进程，100 并发测试，RPS 为 770.69。
进程的增长并无带来并发量的提高。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   12.975 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    770.69 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       129.754 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.298 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          200.20 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1  42.4      0    3000
Processing:    10  128 499.8     56    7137
Waiting:       10  127 495.8     55    7137
Total:         11  129 503.3     56    7137

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     56
  66%     72
  75%     86
  80%     97
  90%    133
  95%    179
  98%    312
  99%   3052
 100%   7137 (longest request)

50 进程，300 并发测试，RPS 为 304.90。
对比 8 个进程时的结果，并发量下降很是明显，看来进程数过多并不能提高性能，反而会下降性能。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      300
Time taken for tests:   32.798 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    304.90 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       983.942 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       3.280 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          79.20 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    3  90.0      0    3001
Processing:    25  976 1339.8    189    3694
Waiting:       23  954 1316.5    188    3691
Total:         25  979 1341.0    189    3694

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    189
  66%    289
  75%   3094
  80%   3113
  90%   3184
  95%   3249
  98%   3315
  99%   3375
 100%   3694 (longest request)

50 进程，500 并发测试，RPS 为 378.95。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      500
Time taken for tests:   26.389 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    378.95 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       1319.431 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       2.639 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          98.44 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    2  79.4      0    3001
Processing:    64 1306 1434.7    341    3962
Waiting:       17 1224 1391.4    321    3959
Total:         65 1308 1435.2    342    3963

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    342
  66%   3142
  75%   3168
  80%   3195
  90%   3292
  95%   3374
  98%   3467
  99%   3516
 100%   3963 (longest request)

协程模式详细测试

首先 8 个 Worker 进程，并发 100 测试，RPS 为 834.12。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   11.989 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    834.12 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       119.886 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.199 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          216.68 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       4
Processing:    84  119   9.8    122     165
Waiting:       84  119   9.8    122     164
Total:         84  119   9.8    123     165

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    123
  66%    124
  75%    125
  80%    125
  90%    126
  95%    128
  98%    131
  99%    137
 100%    165 (longest request)

而后使用 8 个 Worker 进程，并发 300 测试，RPS 为 837.50。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 300 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      300
Time taken for tests:   11.940 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    837.50 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       358.207 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.194 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          217.55 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1  42.4      0    3001
Processing:    86  354 1043.0    161    7172
Waiting:       86  344 1011.9    160    7172
Total:         86  355 1044.5    161    7172

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    161
  66%    182
  75%    199
  80%    212
  90%    251
  95%    302
  98%   6103
  99%   6135
 100%   7172 (longest request)

而后使用 8 个 Worker 进程，并发 500 测试，RPS 为 824.14。

C:\Users\EDZ>ab -n 10000 -c 500 http://www.a.com/
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1757674 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.a.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.13.9
Server Hostname:        www.a.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        101 bytes

Concurrency Level:      500
Time taken for tests:   12.134 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      2660000 bytes
HTML transferred:       1010000 bytes
Requests per second:    824.14 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       606.690 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.213 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          214.08 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.3      0       4
Processing:    92  332 585.3    198    6931
Waiting:       91  331 585.5    196    6931
Total:         92  332 585.3    198    6931

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    198
  66%    242
  75%    284
  80%    334
  90%    587
  95%    932
  98%   1216
  99%   2390
 100%   6931 (longest request)

MixPHP

GitHub: https://github.com/mixstart/m...
官网：http://www.mixphp.cn/

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