context:property-placeholder

context:property-placeholder大大的方便了咱们的各类配置。java

只须要在spring的配置文件里添加一句:<context:property-placeholder?location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>?便可,这里location值为参数配置文件的位置,参数配置文件一般放在src目录下,而参数配置文件的格式跟java通用的参数配置文件相同,即键值对的形式,例如:  
  
#jdbc配置  
  
test.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  
test.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test  
test.jdbc.username=root  
test.jdbc.password=root

这样一来就能够为spring配置的bean的属性设置值了,好比spring有一个jdbc数据源的类DriverManagerDataSourcemysql

在配置文件里这么定义bean:spring

<bean id="testDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${test.jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${test.jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${test.jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${test.jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>

另外须要注意的是,若是遇到下面着着这种问题:sql

A模块和B模块都分别拥有本身的Spring XML配置,并分别拥有本身的配置文件:url

A模块的Spring配置文件以下:spa

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
           xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">  
       <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:conf/conf_a.properties"/>  
   <bean class="com.xxx.aaa.Bean1"  
              p:driverClassName="${modulea.jdbc.driverClassName}"  
              p:url="${modulea.jdbc.url}"  
              p:username="${modulea.jdbc.username}"  
              p:password="${modulea.jdbc.password}"/>  
 </beans>

conf/conf_a.properties:code

modulea.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  
modulea.jdbc.username=cartan  
modulea.jdbc.password=superman  
modulea.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/modulea?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

B模块的Spring配置文件以下:xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>    
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
           xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd    
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">    
       <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:conf/conf_b.properties"/>    
       <bean class="com.xxx.bbb.Bean1"    
              p:driverClassName="${moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName}"    
              p:url="${moduleb.jdbc.url}"    
              p:username="${moduleb.jdbc.username}"    
              p:password="${moduleb.jdbc.password}"/>    
    </beans>

conf/conf_b.properties:string

moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  
moduleb.jdbc.username=cartan  
moduleb.jdbc.password=superman  
moduleb.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/modulea?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

单独运行A模块,或单独运行B模块都是正常的,但将A和B两个模块集成后运行,Spring容器就启动不了了:
Could not resolve placeholder 'moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName' in string value "${moduleb.jdbc.driverClassName}"
缘由:Spring容器采用反射扫描的发现机制,在探测到Spring容器中有一个 org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的 Bean就会中止对剩余PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的扫描io

spring容器中最多只能定义一个context:property-placeholder,否则就出现那种个错误,那如何来解决上面的问题呢?

A和B模块去掉 context:property-placeholder 配置,而后重写个xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
           xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">  
       <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:conf/conf*.properties"/>  
       <import resource="a.xml"/>  
       <import resource="b.xml"/>  
    </beans>

 

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关于在代码中引用 context:property-placeholder  中的属性以下所示:

@Value( "${jdbc.url}" )
private String jdbcUrl;
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