今天手机升级Android7.0之后,发现,切换头像出错了。一脸懵逼,猜测确定是升级Android7.0之后,又有了新的改动了,(虽然知道Android7.0会有改动,可是没想到,会在相机这么重要的功能上不兼容7.0如下)
一查发现,原来是由于7.0的打开相机的方式改变了,再也不是Uri.fromFile()
,那么7.0采用的是什么方式呢?
FileProvider没错,就是FileProvider:java
主要原理就是在应用间共享文件:
首先在AndroidManifest.xml的application
中配置下面代码android
<!--android7.0打开相机配置方法--> <provider android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider" android:authorities="opencamera.baochen.com.fileprovider" android:exported="false" android:grantUriPermissions="true"> <meta-data android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS" android:resource="@xml/file_paths" /> </provider>
其次在res文件下面建立一个xml文件夹,在其中建立file_paths.xml
文件。
file_paths.xmlcanvas
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <!-- path=""表明根目录 path="images"(eg:/storage/emulated/0/images) name: 表明定义在Content中的字段 若果 path="images"; name="camera_photos" 那么: content://opencamera.baochen.com.fileprovider/images/camera_photos.jpg 同时也是:/storage/emulated/0/images/camera_photos.jpg 这里我设置在根目录,即path="" --> <paths> <external-path name="image" path="" /> </paths> </resources>
下面就是Android打开相机的办法了。服务器
@Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()) { case R.id.open_camera://打开相机 Intent openCameraIntent = new Intent( MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { //Android7.0以上 uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "opencamera.baochen.com.fileprovider", new File(Environment .getExternalStorageDirectory(), "image.jpg"));//经过FileProvider建立一个content类型的Uri openCameraIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); //添加这一句表示对目标应用临时受权该Uri所表明的文件 openCameraIntent.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);//设置Action为拍照 openCameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);//将拍取的照片保存到指定URI startActivityForResult(openCameraIntent, TAG_PHOTO_CAMERA); } else { uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "image.jpg"));//7.0如下打开相机拍照的方法 openCameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);//保存照片 startActivityForResult(openCameraIntent, TAG_PHOTO_CAMERA); } break; case R.id.open_album://打开相册 Intent openAlbumIntent = new Intent( Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); openAlbumIntent.setType("image/*"); startActivityForResult(openAlbumIntent, TAG_PHOTO_ALBUM); break; } }
裁剪:app
/** * 裁剪图片方法实现 * * @param uri */ protected void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) { if (uri == null) { Log.i("tag", "The uri is not exist."); } Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP"); //这里的uri是从亲们更具不一样的方式得到的,因此才裁剪的时候,无需再进行Android7.0判断. intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*"); // 设置裁剪 intent.putExtra("crop", "true"); // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例 intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1); intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1); // outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高 intent.putExtra("outputX", 150); intent.putExtra("outputY", 150); intent.putExtra("return-data", true); intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); startActivityForResult(intent, CROP_SMALL_PICTURE); }
文件夹根目录中保存的图片ide
所有代码:
MainActivity.javaui
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { Button openCamera; Button openAlbum; ImageView image; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image); openCamera = (Button) findViewById(R.id.open_camera); openAlbum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.open_album); openCamera.setOnClickListener(this); openAlbum.setOnClickListener(this); } private static final int TAG_PHOTO_CAMERA = 0;//表明相机 private static final int TAG_PHOTO_ALBUM = 1;//表明相册 private static final int CROP_SMALL_PICTURE = 2;//裁剪照片 protected static Uri uri; @Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()) { case R.id.open_camera://打开相机 Intent openCameraIntent = new Intent( MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { //Android7.0以上 uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "opencamera.baochen.com.fileprovider", new File(Environment .getExternalStorageDirectory(), "image.jpg"));//经过FileProvider建立一个content类型的Uri openCameraIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); //添加这一句表示对目标应用临时受权该Uri所表明的文件 openCameraIntent.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);//设置Action为拍照 openCameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);//将拍取的照片保存到指定URI startActivityForResult(openCameraIntent, TAG_PHOTO_CAMERA); } else { uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "image.jpg"));//7.0如下打开相机拍照的方法 openCameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);//保存照片 startActivityForResult(openCameraIntent, TAG_PHOTO_CAMERA); } break; case R.id.open_album://打开相册 Intent openAlbumIntent = new Intent( Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); openAlbumIntent.setType("image/*"); startActivityForResult(openAlbumIntent, TAG_PHOTO_ALBUM); break; } } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) { // 若是返回码是能够用的 switch (requestCode) { case TAG_PHOTO_CAMERA: startPhotoZoom(uri); // 开始对图片进行裁剪处理(相机) break; case TAG_PHOTO_ALBUM: if (data != null) { startPhotoZoom(data.getData()); // 开始对图片进行裁剪处理(相册) } break; case CROP_SMALL_PICTURE: if (data != null) { setImageToView(data); // 让刚才选择裁剪获得的图片显示在界面上 } break; default: break; } } } /** * 裁剪图片方法实现 * * @param uri */ protected void startPhotoZoom(Uri uri) { if (uri == null) { Log.i("tag", "The uri is not exist."); } Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP"); //这里的uri是从亲们更具不一样的方式得到的,因此才裁剪的时候,无需再进行Android7.0判断. intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*"); // 设置裁剪 intent.putExtra("crop", "true"); // aspectX aspectY 是宽高的比例 intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1); intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1); // outputX outputY 是裁剪图片宽高 intent.putExtra("outputX", 150); intent.putExtra("outputY", 150); intent.putExtra("return-data", true); intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); startActivityForResult(intent, CROP_SMALL_PICTURE); } /** * 保存裁剪以后的图片数据 * * @param * @param */ protected void setImageToView(Intent data) { Bundle extras = data.getExtras(); if (extras != null) { Bitmap photo = extras.getParcelable("data"); photo = AvatarUtils.toRoundBitmap(photo, uri); // 这个时候的图片已经被处理成圆形的了 image.setImageBitmap(photo); //上传到服务器等操做... } } }
activity_main.xmlthis
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/activity_main" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageView android:id="@+id/image" android:layout_width="80dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_gravity="center"/> <Button android:id="@+id/open_camera" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="相机"/> <Button android:id="@+id/open_album" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="相册"/> </LinearLayout>
AvatarUtils.javaspa
public class AvatarUtils { /** * Save image to the SD card * * @param photoBitmap * @param photoName * @param path */ public static String savePhoto(Bitmap photoBitmap, String path, String photoName) { String localPath = null; if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals( android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { File dir = new File(path); if (!dir.exists()) { dir.mkdirs(); } File photoFile = new File(path, photoName + ".png"); FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null; try { fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(photoFile); if (photoBitmap != null) { if (photoBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, fileOutputStream)) { // 转换完成 localPath = photoFile.getPath(); fileOutputStream.flush(); } } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { photoFile.delete(); localPath = null; e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { photoFile.delete(); localPath = null; e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (fileOutputStream != null) { fileOutputStream.close(); fileOutputStream = null; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } return localPath; } /** * 转换图片成圆形 * * @param bitmap * 传入Bitmap对象 * @param tempUri * @return */ public static Bitmap toRoundBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, Uri tempUri) { int width = bitmap.getWidth(); int height = bitmap.getHeight(); float roundPx; float left, top, right, bottom, dst_left, dst_top, dst_right, dst_bottom; if (width <= height) { roundPx = width / 2; left = 0; top = 0; right = width; bottom = width; height = width; dst_left = 0; dst_top = 0; dst_right = width; dst_bottom = width; } else { roundPx = height / 2; float clip = (width - height) / 2; left = clip; right = width - clip; top = 0; bottom = height; width = height; dst_left = 0; dst_top = 0; dst_right = height; dst_bottom = height; } Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output); final int color = 0xff424242; final Paint paint = new Paint(); final Rect src = new Rect((int) left, (int) top, (int) right, (int) bottom); final Rect dst = new Rect((int) dst_left, (int) dst_top, (int) dst_right, (int) dst_bottom); // final RectF rectF = new RectF(dst); paint.setAntiAlias(true);// 设置画笔无锯齿 canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0); // 填充整个Canvas paint.setColor(color); // 如下有两种方法画圆,drawRounRect和drawCircle // canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint);// // 画圆角矩形,第一个参数为图形显示区域,第二个参数和第三个参数分别是水平圆角半径和垂直圆角半径。 canvas.drawCircle(roundPx, roundPx, roundPx, paint); paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));// 设置两张图片相交时的模式,参考http://trylovecatch.iteye.com/blog/1189452 canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, src, dst, paint); // 以Mode.SRC_IN模式合并bitmap和已经draw了的Circle return output; } }
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