SpringBoot配置Email发送功能

相信使用过Spring的众多开发者都知道Spring提供了很是好用的 JavaMailSender接口实现邮件发送。在Spring Boot的Starter模块中也为此提供了自动化配置。下面经过实例看看如何在Spring Boot中使用 JavaMailSender 发送邮件。

快速入门

在Spring Boot的工程中的 pom.xml 中引入 spring-boot-starter-mail 依赖：

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> 

如其余自动化配置模块同样，在完成了依赖引入以后，只须要在 application.properties 中配置相应的属性内容。

下面咱们以QQ邮箱为例，在 application.properties 中加入以下配置（注意替换本身的用户名和密码）：

spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com  
spring.mail.username=用户名  //发送方的邮箱
spring.mail.password=密码  //对于qq邮箱而言 密码指的就是发送方的受权码
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true 
注意：在spring.mail.password处的值是须要在邮箱设置里面生成的受权码，这个不是真实的密码。 spring.mail.password受权码

经过单元测试来实现一封简单邮件的发送：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class) public class ApplicationTests { @Autowired private JavaMailSender mailSender; @Test public void sendSimpleMail() throws Exception { SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage(); message.setFrom("dyc87112@qq.com"); message.setTo("dyc87112@qq.com"); message.setSubject("主题：简单邮件"); message.setText("测试邮件内容"); mailSender.send(message); } } 

到这里，一个简单的邮件发送就完成了，运行一下该单元测试，看看效果如何？

因为Spring Boot的starter模块提供了自动化配置，因此在引入了 spring-boot-starter-mail 依赖以后，会根据配置文件中的内容去建立 JavaMailSender 实例，所以咱们能够直接在须要使用的地方直接 @Autowired 来引入邮件发送对象。

对于qq邮箱这样写事后会报错：

一、异常信息：

org.springframework.mail.MailSendException: Mail server connection failed; nested exception is javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not convert socket to TLS;
nested exception is:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure. Failed messages: javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not convert socket to TLS;
nested exception is:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure; message exception details (1) are:
Failed message 1:
javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not convert socket to TLS;
nested exception is:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.startTLS(SMTPTransport.java:2046)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:711)
at javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:366)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.connectTransport(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:501)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:421)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:307)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:296)

这种错误通常是由于jre的lib下C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_51\jre\lib\security，替换2个jar包，参考文档

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-7-download-432124.html

二、异常信息

org.springframework.mail.MailAuthenticationException: Authentication failed; nested exception is javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: 535 Error: ??ê1ó?êúè¨??μ????￡?ê?é???′: http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=1001256

at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:424)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:307)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:296)
at com.vcredit.ddcash.monitor.controller.AppTest.testSendSimple(AppTest.java:36)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)

发送方必需要开启smtp，获取到的受权码，界面以下：

 三、异常信息：

org.springframework.mail.MailSendException: Mail server connection failed; nested exception is javax.mail.MessagingException: STARTTLS is required but host does not support STARTTLS. Failed messages: javax.mail.MessagingException: STARTTLS is required but host does not support STARTTLS; message exception details (1) are:
Failed message 1:
javax.mail.MessagingException: STARTTLS is required but host does not support STARTTLS
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.protocolConnect(SMTPTransport.java:721)
at javax.mail.Service.connect(Service.java:366)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.connectTransport(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:501)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.doSend(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:421)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:307)
at org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl.send(JavaMailSenderImpl.java:296)
at com.vcredit.ddcash.monitor.controller.AppTest.testSendSimple(AppTest.java:36)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

换成公司企业邮箱报错，经过将properties文件的内容修改就能够了，这里的用户密码就是本身的邮箱密码(这点不一样于qq邮箱)

spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=false
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=false

 

1. • 发送HTML格式的邮件

@Test public void testSendHtml() { MimeMessage message = null; try { message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true); helper.setFrom(username); helper.setTo("398986099@qq.com"); helper.setSubject("标题：发送Html内容"); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append("<h1>大标题-h1</h1>") .append("<p style='color:#F00'>红色字</p>") .append("<p style='text-align:right'>右对齐</p>"); helper.setText(sb.toString(), true); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } javaMailSender.send(message); }

注意：这里建立的是MimeMessageHelper，且在调用setText时须要在第二个参数传入true，这样才会使用HTML格式发送邮件

 

经过velocity模板发送邮件：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-velocity</artifactId>
</dependency>

@Autowired

private VelocityEngine velocityEngine;

@Test
public void sendTemplateMail() throws Exception {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setFrom("dingfuzhao@vcredit.com");
helper.setTo("dingfuzhao@vcredit.com");
helper.setSubject("主题：模板邮件");
Map<String, Object> model = new HashedMap();
model.put("username", "didi");
String text = VelocityEngineUtils.mergeTemplateIntoString(
velocityEngine, "template.vm", "UTF-8", model);
helper.setText(text, true);
javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}

在resources下建一个templates包 该包下创建一个文件template.vm，内容以html格式随便写

<html>
<body>
<h3>你好， ${username}, 这是一封模板邮件!</h3>
</body>
</html>

 

测试结果：