什么是比赛条件？ - What is a race condition?

问题：

When writing multi-threaded applications, one of the most common problems experienced are race conditions. 在编写多线程应用程序时，遇到的最多见问题之一是竞争条件。

My questions to the community are: 我对社区的问题是：

What is a race condition? 什么是比赛条件？ How do you detect them? 您如何检测到它们？ How do you handle them? 您如何处理它们？ Finally, how do you prevent them from occurring? 最后，如何防止它们发生？

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解决方案：

参考一： https://stackoom.com/question/8yc/什么是比赛条件
参考二： https://oldbug.net/q/8yc/What-is-a-race-condition