TS-Node 体验

【给连接不赘述】【提醒坑】【想更简单学计算机必须会看懂英语】【win让你专一代码将来深刻linux】【尽管文件恨多，可是咱们不去dissect 是永远不会的】

https://www.tslang.cn/docs/handbook/typescript-in-5-minutes.html

https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript-Node-Starter#typescript-node-starter

https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-windows/

 

【锦囊妙计】npm install 若是遇到问题，请使用npm doctor

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   启动 mongod

"C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\3.6\bin\mongod.exe" --dbpath "C:\Dev\mongodb\data"

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npm run build == VSCODE快捷键ctrl+shift+b 

npm start == VSCODE快捷键 ctrl+shift+p 而后输入run task选择npm start
打开 http://localhost:3000

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=>跳过【Deploy 部署环节】

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项目结构，因为TS比较工程化，最主要的是【ts文件在src下，编译后在dist下】

Name	Description
.vscode	内建
dist	Contains the distributable (or output) from your TypeScript build. This is the code you ship
node_modules	Contains all your npm dependencies
src	Contains your source code that will be compiled to the dist dir
src/config	Passport authentication strategies and login middleware. Add other complex config code here
src/controllers	Controllers define functions that respond to various http requests
src/models	Models define Mongoose schemas that will be used in storing and retrieving data from MongoDB
src/public	Static assets that will be used client side
src/types	Holds .d.ts files not found on DefinitelyTyped. Covered more in this section
src/server.ts	程序入口
test	Contains your tests. Seperate from source because there is a different build process.
views	Views define how your app renders on the client. In this case we're using pug
.env.example	API keys, tokens, passwords, database URI. Clone this, but don't check it in to public repos.
.travis.yml	Used to configure Travis CI build
.copyStaticAssets.ts	Build script that copies images, fonts, and JS libs to the dist folder
jest.config.js	Used to configure Jest
package.json	File that contains npm dependencies as well as build scripts
tsconfig.json	Config settings for compiling server code written in TypeScript
tsconfig.tests.json	Config settings for compiling tests written in TypeScript
tslint.json	Config settings for TSLint code style checking

 

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编译是能够配置的。tsconfig.json

    "compilerOptions": { "module": "commonjs", "esModuleInterop": true, //导入语法 import foo from "foo" "target": "es6", "noImplicitAny": true,　　　//【最佳实践】true打开的话对应咱们要用任何的Library都须要.d.ts即便是空定义，放心能够下载。 "moduleResolution": "node", "sourceMap": true,　　　　//debug用 "outDir": "dist", "baseUrl": ".", "paths": {　　　　　　//默认会去扫描node_modules下@types(.d.ts文件)，咱们私有定义.d.ts不是下载来的要配置一下。 "*": [ "node_modules/*", "src/types/*" ] } },

"include": [　　//将须要编译的文件包含进来，也能够exclude掉 "src/**/*" ]

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构建，其中package.json有可供咱们调用的命令，npm run <script-name>

Npm Script	Description
start	Does the same as 'npm run serve'. Can be invoked with npm start
build	Full build. Runs ALL build tasks (build-sass, build-ts, tslint, copy-static-assets)
serve	Runs node on dist/server.js which is the apps entry point
watch-node	Runs node with nodemon so the process restarts if it crashes. Used in the main watch task
watch	Runs all watch tasks (TypeScript, Sass, Node). Use this if you're not touching static assets.
test	Runs tests using Jest test runner
watch-test	Runs tests in watch mode
build-ts	Compiles all source .ts files to .js files in the dist folder
watch-ts	Same as build-ts but continuously watches .ts files and re-compiles when needed
build-sass	Compiles all .scss files to .css files
watch-sass	Same as build-sass but continuously watches .scss files and re-compiles when needed
tslint	Runs TSLint on project files
copy-static-assets	Calls script that copies JS libs, fonts, and images to dist directory
debug	Performs a full build and then serves the app in watch mode
serve-debug	Runs the app with the --inspect flag
watch-debug	The same as watch but includes the --inspect flag so you can attach a debugger

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.d.ts 文件用来定义类型，这是由于不是全部js都有ts版本，经过这项定义，ts将帮助编辑器得到类型提示。

有些.d.ts甚至不须要咱们操心，能够去下载 => https://github.com/DefinitelyTyped/DefinitelyTyped/tree/master/types

//.d.ts平常管理

1.当npm install包的时候，对应咱们去下载.d.ts文件。

【下载DefinitelyTyped】npm install --save-dev @types/jquery    （务必加选项或者-D，由于只是编译期须要的依赖。）

2.下载不到，咱们就要去tsconfig.json配置下path包含咱们本身定义的.d.ts文件。

【本身定义.d.ts】参见 => https://github.com/Microsoft/dts-gen

若是没成功生成的话，须要【跳过.d.ts类型检查】直接在文件中写 declare module "<some-library>";//至关于空文件

而后能够继续一步一步改善（不能生成只好这样） http://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/declaration-files/introduction.html

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