SSM框架,一般是指将spring mvc+spring+mybatis三个框架整合在一块儿进行工做,spring mvc自己就是spring的一部分,因此这二者之间不用整合,这里主要作的事情就是将spring与mybatis框架进行整合,实际上就是将SqlSessionFactory对象交由spring来管理,事务方面也交由spring来管理。css
SSM框架主要分为bean/entity层,mapper/dao层,service层,controller层。html
(1)bean层(也叫entity/pojo/ model层) 用于存放咱们的实体类,与数据库中的属性值基本保持一致。在bean建立具体的实体类对象,便于其余层对实体类对象进行直接操做前端
(2)dao层(mapper层) 负责与数据库进行联络的一些任务都封装在此,具体到对于某个表、某个实体的增删改查java
(3)service层 service层主要负责业务模块的逻辑应用设计,能够细分为service接口和serviceImpl实现类mysql
(4)controller层git
控制器,导入service层,负责具体的业务模块流程的控制,在此层里面要调用Service层的接口来控制业务流程github
调用流程: 前端JSP /html——> Controller ——> Service ——> Dao ——> 数据库web
上图来源 IDEA 整合 SSM 框架学习--我没有三颗心脏ajax
controller层使用ajax+json与前端的html文件进行交互,获取前端请求和返回数据给前端。前端页面用户请求经过ajax传到controller层调用相应的方法处理,而后反馈数据到html文件,把处理后数据显示在页面上,反馈给用户。spring
controller 层在执行相应的方法时,其实是去调用service层对应的接口,从而service层获取实现类中的方法去完成对应业务,service层通常用事务来进行方法操做,保证操做的一致性。
service层实现类包含业务实现方法,也包含一些关于数据库处理的操做,但不是直接和数据库打交道。service层的方法若是须要操做数据库,那么就须要去调用dao层的接口。
dao层中mybatis框架经常使用mapper动态代理,因此dao层接口会对应mapper映射文件里面相应的sql语句,从而实现对数据库的操做。
这里还有bean层,bean层一般存放咱们的实体类,与数据库中的属性值基本保持一致。在bean建立具体的实体类对象,便于其余层对实体类对象进行直接操做。最终在dao层中这些实体类对象的操做会直接映射到对应的sql语句,操做对应的数据库里面的数据。
反过来理解:启动项目的时候会解析mapper.xml文件,xml中有一个命名空间namespace指向dao,用动态代理和反射技术会生成一个dao层的实现类。dao层用来操做数据库,返回数据,service调用dao层获取的数据,根据具体的业务作一些处理,controller层调用service层,通常用来接收前台传来的数据,再将从service层获取的数据传给前台。
一、建立一个maven项目,在里面新建经常使用的包,bean、controller、service、dao等;
二、完成各配置文件配置
(1)添加依赖,在工程的pom.xml文件中添加项目须要的jar包(主要是spring mvc+spring+mybatis3个框架涉及的jar包)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>learn</artifactId> <groupId>test</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>_11_ssm_crud</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>_11_ssm_crud</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.0.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.46</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.25</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.25</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId> <version>2.10.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId> <version>1.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-module-parameter-names</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jdk8</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> <version>2.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.46</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>_11_ssm_crud</finalName> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> </resource> </resources> </build> </project>
(2)完成spring-mvc部分的配置
a. resouce文件夹下添加spring-mvc.xml文件,完成spring-mvc部分配置文件配置。在spring-mvc.xml完成注册组件扫描器、视图解析器、内部视图解析器、静态资源、解决返回json数据乱码问题的配置。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--解决返回json数据乱码问题--> <bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters> <ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter" /> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> <!--静态资源--> <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" /> <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" /> <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" /> <mvc:resources mapping="/html/**" location="/html/" /> <!-- 注册组件扫描器 ,组件扫描器只扫描controller包,不要扫描service等其余包,不然事务配置会失效--> <context:component-scan base-package="test.controller"/> <!-- 视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver"/> <!--内部视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/html/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".html"/> </bean> </beans>
b. 完成WEB-INF/web.xml配置
完成指定spring配置文件的路径、注册spring监听器、注册字符集过滤器、注册spring mvc中央控制器的配置。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <!--指定spring配置文件的位置--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--注册监听器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--配置spring MVC配置项--> <!--字符编码过滤器--> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <!--指定字符编码--> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> <!--强制指定字符编码,即若是在request中指定了字符编码,那么也会为其强制指定当前设置的字符编码--> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 注册spring MVC中央控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <!-- spring MVC中的核心控制器 --> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
(3)完成mybatis部分的配置
a. 添加数据库配置文件db.properties
#驱动 jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #数据库链接地址 jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssm?useSSL=false #用户名及数据库密码,这里须要修改,每一个数据库的密码都不同 jdbc.user=root jdbc.password=mysql
b. 添加数据库日志配置文件log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger=debug,console log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern= [%-5p][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}]%m%n
c. 添加数据库缓存配置文件ehcache.xml
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../config/ehcache.xsd"> <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/> <defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="10000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120" maxElementsOnDisk="10000000" diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"> <persistence strategy="localTempSwap"/> </defaultCache> </ehcache>
d. 添加mybatis.xml配置文件
这里只须要注册bean便可,mapper 映射文件的注册来使用spring的 MapperScannerConfigurer扫描器进行扫描,SqlSessionFactory交由spring管理,数据源也交由spring管理,因此都不须要配置。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <typeAliases> <package name="test.bean"/> </typeAliases> </configuration>
e. 添加spring-mybatis.xml配置文件
加载数据源,将sqlsessionfactory交由spring管理,使用MapperScannerConfigurer将将Mapper接口生成代理对象。须要注意的是,在注册组件扫描器的时候无需再扫描controller包下的类了,由于已经在springmvc的配置文件中扫描过了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 加载配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <!-- 注册组件扫描器 --> <context:component-scan base-package="test"> <!--再也不扫描controller注解--> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" </context:component-scan> <!-- 数据库链接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <property name="minIdle" value="5" /> </bean> <!-- 让spring管理sqlsessionfactory 使用mybatis和spring整合包中的 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 数据库链接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 加载mybatis的全局配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml" /> </bean> <!-- 自动扫描 将Mapper接口生成代理对象 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!--Mapper文件所在路径--> <property name="basePackage" value="monmkey1024.dao" /> </bean> </beans>
(4)完成spring部分的配置
添加spring-tx.xml文件进行事务的管理,采用AOP注解方式进行事务管理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 数据源 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!--开启注解事务驱动--> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> </beans>
三、完成各层接口及实现类
(1)建立对应的数据库表t_user,包含id(主键)、name、phone、address、birthday字段
(2)bean层,建立User类--用户类对象
package test1.bean; import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat; import java.time.LocalDate; public class User { private int id; private String name; private String phone; private String address; @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-mm-dd") private LocalDate birthday; public User() { } public User(String name, String phone, String address, LocalDate birthday) { this.name = name; this.phone = phone; this.address = address; this.birthday = birthday; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } public LocalDate getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(LocalDate birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } }
(3)dao层,建立UserDao接口文件和UserDao对应mapper文件UserDao.xml
UserDao接口文件
package test.dao; import test.bean.User; import java.util.List; public interface UserDao { void addUser(User user); void updateUser(User user); List<User> selectUsers(); User selectUserById(int id); void deleteUser(int id); }
UserDao.xml(具体对数据库操做的sql语句在此编辑)---mapper文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="test.dao.UserDao"> <cache type="org.mybatis.caches.ehcache.EhcacheCache"/> <insert id="addUser"> INSERT INTO t_user (name,phone,address,birthday) VALUES (#{name},#{phone},#{address},#{birthday}); <selectKey resultType="int" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER"> SELECT @@identity </selectKey> </insert> <delete id="deleteUser"> DELETE FROM t_user where id=#{id} </delete> <update id="updateUser"> UPDATE t_user set name=#{name},phone=#{phone},address=#{address},birthday=#{birthday} where id=#{id} </update> <select id="selectUsers" resultType="user"> SELECT id,name,phone,address,birthday FROM t_user </select> <select id="selectUserById" resultType="user"> SELECT id,name,phone,address,birthday FROM t_user where id=#{id} </select> </mapper>
(4)service层:建立UserService接口和实现类
UserService接口
package test.service; import test.bean.User; import java.util.List; public interface UserService { void addUser(User user); void updateUser(User user); List<User> selectUsers(); User selectUserById(int id); void deleteUser(int id); }
UserServiceImpl实现类()
package test.service.impl; import test.bean.User; import test.dao.UserDao; import test.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import java.util.List; @Service //用于对 Service 实现类进行注解,Spring会去自动建立UserServiceImpl的对象,而且经过注解,容器会查找UserService类型的实例userService将其注入,也能够用@Component @Transactional //使用注解配置事务 public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Autowired //自动注入注解,该注解默认使用按类型自动装配,即容器会查找UserDao类型的实例将其注入,初始化其对象,而后能够直接使用对象中的方法如 userDao.addUser(user),不用再用new建立对象 private UserDao userDao; @Override public void addUser(User user) { userDao.addUser(user); } @Override public void updateUser(User user) { userDao.updateUser(user); } @Override public List<User> selectUsers() { return userDao.selectUsers(); } @Override public User selectUserById(int id) { return userDao.selectUserById(id); } @Override public void deleteUser(int id) { userDao.deleteUser(id); } }
(5)controller层:建立controller类,使用restful风格:
package test.controller; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import test.bean.User; import test.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.List; @RestController //restful风格中spring mvc经常使用注解 public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @GetMapping("/users") //该注解用来替代RequestMapping,特色是@GetMapping只处理get方式的请求,//注解后面要加上URL地址 public String selectUsers(){ List<User> users = userService.selectUsers(); return JSON.toJSONString(users); } @GetMapping("/users/{id}")//注解后面要加上URL地址,地址中包含所须要的资源,好比这里的id public String selectUserById(@PathVariable int id) { User user = userService.selectUserById(id); return JSON.toJSONString(user); } @PostMapping("/users") public String addUser(@RequestBody User user) { try { userService.addUser(user); return JSON.toJSONString("success"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return JSON.toJSONString("fail"); } } @PutMapping("/users/{id}") public String updateUser(@PathVariable int id, @RequestBody User user) { try { user.setId(id); userService.updateUser(user); return JSON.toJSONString("success"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return JSON.toJSONString("fail"); } } @DeleteMapping("/users/{id}") public String deleteUser(@PathVariable int id) { try { userService.deleteUser(id); return JSON.toJSONString("success"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return JSON.toJSONString("fail"); } } }
四、最后根据须要在webapp/html文件夹下建立须要的html前端文件便可。
最终项目文件架构以下
以上就是搭建SSM框架组合完成简单增删改查的功能,你们能够根据这个思路本身去实践下。
demo文件:(如连接失效请留言)
github地址:https://github.com/Ideals-L/ssm_demo
或者网盘以下
连接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/19Z8GcMlFP57JISaXCp-14g
提取码:mmgd
参考资料:
monkey1024-Spring系列教程