Linux下安装MySQL 5.7

时间  2019-12-22
标签 linux 安装 mysql 5.7 栏目 Linux 繁體版
原文   原文链接

本次将在Linux下经过yum安装MySQL，安装的版本为MySQL 5.7，官网中是最新版本8.0，在网上查了下，发现最新版本的yum源也包含了旧版本，而咱们，只须要在安装时启用 5.7 的安装便可。mysql

本人环境：CentOS 7.3 64位sql

  • 1.检查CentOS是否有系统自带的mysql

yum list installed |grep mysqlvim

若是存在系统自带的mysql及依赖，则经过 yum remove 将其卸载oracle

  • 2.在官网中获取yum源

官网下载界面

获取下载连接

这里获取到的是最新版本的下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpmapp

  • 3.CentOS中下载rpm包，并安装本地mysql源

下载rpm包：wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm --no-check-certificate
安装mysql源：yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpmide

经过 yum localinstall 安装mysql源，能够帮助咱们解决本地rpm包的依赖问题。post

最后，验证是否安装成功：yum repolist all | grep mysqlui

验证是否安装成功

  • 4.修改默认安装版本为5.7

从上面的图片，咱们能够看到，默认是MySQL 8.0可用，咱们若想安装MySQL 5.7，则需启用5.7。接下来经过直接修改配置文件来设置启用。this

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo3d

输入上面的命令，在编辑界面，先输入 i 进入编辑模式，将8.0的 enabled 设置为0，将5.7的 enabled 设置为1，以下：

image.png

接着按 Esc 退出编辑模式，最后输入 :wq 保存并退出。

再次输入命令：yum repolist all | grep mysql ，能够看到8.0已被禁用，而5.7是启用的。

验证结果

  • 5.安装MySQL

yum install mysql-community-server

输入上面命令，进行安装便可。

[root@wintest mysql]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.27-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be updated
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================
 Package                       Arch     Version           Repository           Size
====================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-libs          x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   2.2 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
 mysql-community-libs-compat   x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   2.0 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
 mysql-community-server        x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   165 M
Installing for dependencies:
 libaio                        x86_64   0.3.109-13.el7    base                 24 k
 mysql-community-client        x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community    24 M
 mysql-community-common        x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   275 k
Updating for dependencies:
 postfix                       x86_64   2:2.10.1-7.el7    base                2.4 M

Transaction Summary
====================================================================================
Install  3 Packages (+3 Dependent packages)
Upgrade             ( 1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 197 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
(1/7): libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm                      |  24 kB  00:00:00     
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(2/7): mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        | 275 kB  00:00:01     
(3/7): mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm          | 2.2 MB  00:00:01     
(4/7): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   | 2.0 MB  00:00:01     
(5/7): postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm                       | 2.4 MB  00:00:00     
(6/7): mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        |  24 MB  00:00:34     
(7/7): mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        | 165 MB  00:00:52     
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                  3.5 MB/s | 197 MB  00:56     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 Package    : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       1/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                         2/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                  3/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       4/9 
  Installing : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                     5/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       6/9 
  Updating   : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64                                    7/9 
  Cleanup    : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                    8/9 
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64                               9/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                  1/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       2/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                         3/9 
  Verifying  : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64                                    4/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       5/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       6/9 
  Verifying  : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                     7/9 
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64                               8/9 
  Verifying  : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                    9/9 

Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                        
  mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                 
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                      

Dependency Installed:
  libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7                                                    
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                      
  mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                      

Dependency Updated:
  postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7                                                     

Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7                                                

Complete!
  • 6.启用MySQL

在CentOS 6中，咱们通常经过 service mysqld start 来启动mysql，在CentOS 7中，若是直接输入 service mysqld start ，则会出现如下信息：

启用mysql

这是由于 CentOS 7 下重启服务再也不经过 service 操做，而是经过 systemctl 操做，所以咱们能够输入命令：

启动mysql：systemctl start mysqld.service
查看mysql状态：systemctl status mysqld.service

查看mysql服务状态

  • 7.登陆mysql

mysql -u root -p

登陆mysql

在要求输入密码时，由于mysql 5.7的初始密码不是空，直接按回车键不能成功登陆，所以需先找到初始密码，才能登陆。

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

获取初始密码

如上，最后的内容就是初始密码。

再次登陆，输入初始密码，便可成功登陆。

再次登陆

第一次登陆成功后，发现不能执行操做，同时提示让修改密码。

  • 8.修改登陆密码

alter user root@localhost identified by '新密码'

修改密码失败

这里，我想设置新密码为 123456，但出现了报错，这里的报错是mysql的密码策略问题，输入命令：show variables like 'validate_password%'，查看 mysql 初始的密码策略，发现密码的最小长度为8，密码的验证强度等级为MEDIUM，能够修改一下密码策略：

设置密码的验证强度等级：set global validate_password_policy=LOW
设置密码的最小长度：set global validate_password_length=6

修改密码策略

好了，这时咱们再次执行修改密码的sql，便不会报错了。

最后经过 flush privileges 刷新权限，使当前操做当即生效，就大功告成了。

修改密码成功

注意：最后这里，也能够不修改密码策略，只要本身设置的密码知足MySQL的原密码策略便可。

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