k8s容器编排

时间 2019-11-10

标签 k8s 容器编排繁體版

原文原文链接

1:k8s集群的安装

1.1 k8s的架构

除了核心组件，还有一些推荐的Add-ons：html

组件名称	说明
kube-dns	负责为整个集群提供DNS服务
Ingress Controller	为服务提供外网入口
Heapster	提供资源监控
Dashboard	提供GUI
Federation	提供跨可用区的集群
Fluentd-elasticsearch	提供集群日志采集、存储与查询

1.2：修改IP地址、主机和host解析

10.0.0.11 k8s-master
10.0.0.12 k8s-node-1
10.0.0.13 k8s-node-2node

全部节点须要作hosts解析mysql

1.3：master节点安装etcd

yum install etcd -y

vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
6行：ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
21行：ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.0.0.11:2379"

systemctl start etcd.service
systemctl enable etcd.service

etcdctl set testdir/testkey0 0
etcdctl get testdir/testkey0

etcdctl -C http://10.0.0.11:2379 cluster-health

etcd原生支持作集群linux

做业1：安装部署etcd集群，要求三个节点nginx

1.4：master节点安装kubernetes

yum install kubernetes-master.x86_64 -y

vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver 
8行:  KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
11行：KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
17行：KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://10.0.0.11:2379"
23行：KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota"

vim /etc/kubernetes/config
22行：KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.11:8080"

systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service

检查服务是否安装正常git

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get componentstatus 
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

1.5：node节点安装kubernetes

yum install kubernetes-node.x86_64 -y

vim /etc/kubernetes/config 
22行：KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.11:8080"

vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
5行：KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"
8行：KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"
11行：KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=10.0.0.12"
14行：KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://10.0.0.11:8080"

systemctl enable kubelet.service
systemctl start kubelet.service
systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
systemctl start kube-proxy.service

在master节点检查golang

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME        STATUS    AGE
10.0.0.12   Ready     6m
10.0.0.13   Ready     3s

1.6：全部节点配置flannel网络

yum install flannel -y
sed -i 's#http://127.0.0.1:2379#http://10.0.0.11:2379#g' /etc/sysconfig/flanneld

##master节点：
etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config   '{ "Network": "172.16.0.0/16" }'
yum install docker -y
systemctl enable flanneld.service 
systemctl restart flanneld.service 
service docker restart
systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service
systemctl restart kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl restart kube-scheduler.service

##node节点：
systemctl enable flanneld.service 
systemctl restart flanneld.service 
service docker restart
systemctl restart kubelet.service
systemctl restart kube-proxy.service

1.7：配置master为镜像仓库

#全部节点
vim /etc/sysconfig/docker
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com --insecure-registry=10.0.0.11:5000'

systemctl restart docker

#master节点
docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry -v /opt/myregistry:/var/lib/registry  registry

2:什么是k8s,k8s有什么功能?

k8s是一个docker集群的管理工具web

2.1 k8s的核心功能

自愈: 从新启动失败的容器，在节点不可用时，替换和从新调度节点上的容器，对用户定义的健康检查不响应的容器会被停止，而且在容器准备好服务以前不会把其向客户端广播。sql

弹性伸缩: 经过监控容器的cpu的负载值,若是这个平均高于80%,增长容器的数量,若是这个平均低于10%,减小容器的数量docker

服务的自动发现和负载均衡: 不须要修改您的应用程序来使用不熟悉的服务发现机制，Kubernetes 为容器提供了本身的 IP 地址和一组容器的单个 DNS 名称，并能够在它们之间进行负载均衡。

滚动升级和一键回滚: Kubernetes 逐渐部署对应用程序或其配置的更改，同时监视应用程序运行情况，以确保它不会同时终止全部实例。若是出现问题，Kubernetes会为您恢复更改，利用日益增加的部署解决方案的生态系统。

2.2 k8s的历史

2014年 docker容器编排工具，立项

2015年7月发布kubernetes 1.0, 加入cncf

2016年，kubernetes干掉两个对手，docker swarm，mesos 1.2版

2017年

2018年 k8s 从cncf基金会毕业

2019年： 1.13, 1.14 ，1.15

cncf cloud native compute foundation

kubernetes （k8s）: 希腊语舵手，领航容器编排领域，

谷歌16年容器使用经验，borg容器管理平台，使用golang重构borg，kubernetes

2.3 k8s的安装

yum安装 1.5 最容易安装成功，最适合学习的

源码编译安装---难度最大能够安装最新版

二进制安装---步骤繁琐能够安装最新版 shell,ansible,saltstack

kubeadm 安装最容易, 网络能够安装最新版

minikube 适合开发人员体验k8s, 网络

2.4 k8s的应用场景

k8s最适合跑微服务项目!

3:k8s经常使用的资源

3.1 建立pod资源

k8s yaml的主要组成

apiVersion: v1  api版本
kind: pod   资源类型
metadata:   属性
spec:       详细

k8s_pod.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginx
  labels:
    app: web
spec:
  containers:
    - name: nginx
      image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80

pod资源:至少由两个容器组成,pod基础容器和业务容器组成

pod配置文件2：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test
  labels:
    app: web
spec:
  containers:
    - name: nginx
      image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
    - name: busybox
      image: 10.0.0.11:5000/busybox:latest
      command: ["sleep","10000"]

pod是k8s最小的资源单位

3.2 ReplicationController资源

rc:保证指定数量的pod始终存活,rc经过标签选择器来关联pod

k8s资源的常见操做:
kubectl create -f xxx.yaml
kubectl get pod|rc
kubectl describe pod nginx
kubectl delete pod nginx 或者kubectl delete -f xxx.yaml
kubectl edit pod nginx

建立一个rc

apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 5
  selector:
    app: myweb
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myweb
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myweb
        image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

rc的滚动升级
新建一个nginx-rc1.15.yaml

升级
kubectl rolling-update nginx -f nginx-rc1.15.yaml --update-period=10s

回滚
kubectl rolling-update nginx2 -f nginx-rc.yaml --update-period=1s

3.3 service资源

service帮助pod暴露端口

建立一个service

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  type: NodePort  #ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 80          #clusterIP
      nodePort: 30000   #nodeport
      targetPort: 80    #podport
  selector:
    app: myweb2

命令行生成svc：kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=NodePort --port=80

修改副本数量：kubectl scale rc nginx1 --replicas=2
进入容器：kubectl exec -it nginx1-1frnf /bin/bash

修改nodePort范围

vim  /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
KUBE_API_ARGS="--service-node-port-range=3000-50000"

service默认使用iptables来实现负载均衡, k8s 1.8新版本中推荐使用lvs(四层负载均衡)

3.4 deployment资源

有rc在滚动升级以后,会形成服务访问中断,因而k8s引入了deployment资源

建立deployment

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
          requests:
            cpu: 100m

deployment升级和回滚

命令行建立deployment

kubectl run nginx --image=10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record

命令行升级版本

kubectl set image deploy nginx nginx=10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.15

查看deployment全部历史版本

kubectl rollout history deployment nginx

deployment回滚到上一个版本

kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx

deployment回滚到指定版本

kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx --to-revision=2

3.5 tomcat+mysql练习

在k8s中容器之间相互访问,经过VIP地址!

mysql的rc和svc

[root@k8s-master tomcat_daemon]# cat mysql-rc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    app: mysql
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: mysql
          image: 10.0.0.11:5000/mysql:5.7
          ports:
          - containerPort: 3306
          env:
          - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
            value: '123456'

svc

[root@k8s-master tomcat_daemon]# cat mysql-svc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 3306
      targetPort: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql

tomcat的rc

[root@k8s-master tomcat_daemon]# cat tomcat-rc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    app: myweb
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myweb
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: myweb
          image: 10.0.0.11:5000/tomcat-app:v2
          ports:
          - containerPort: 8080
          env:
          - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST
            value: '10.254.36.202'
          - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT
            value: '3306'

tomcat的svc

[root@k8s-master tomcat_daemon]# cat tomcat-svc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 8080
      nodePort: 30008
  selector:
    app: myweb

3.6 wordpress+mysql

wordpress的代码

[root@k8s-master worepress_daemon]# cat wordpress-rc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: mywordpress
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    app: mywordpress
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mywordpress
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: mywordpress
          image: 10.0.0.11:5000/wordpress:v1
          ports:
          - containerPort: 80
          env:
          - name: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST
            value: '10.254.112.209'
          - name: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
            value: 'wordpress'
          - name: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
            value: 'wordpress'



[root@k8s-master worepress_daemon]# cat wordpress-svc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mywordpress
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 80
      nodePort: 30010
  selector:
    app: mywordpress

mysql的代码

[root@k8s-master worepress_daemon]# cat mysql-rc.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    app: mysql
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: mysql
          image: 10.0.0.11:5000/mysql:5.7
          ports:
          - containerPort: 3306
          env:
          - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
            value: 'somewordpress'
          - name: MYSQL_DATABASE
            value: 'wordpress'
          - name: MYSQL_USER
            value: 'wordpress'
          - name: MYSQL_PASSWORD
            value: 'wordpress'





[root@k8s-master worepress_daemon]# cat mysql-svc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 3306
      targetPort: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql

3.7 deployment版wordpress+mysql

[root@k8s-master wordpress_deploy]# cat wp-rc.yml 
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: wordpress-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: wp
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: wp
        image: 10.0.0.11:5000/wordpress:v1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        env:
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST
          value: '10.254.235.122'
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
          value: 'wordpress'
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
          value: 'wordpress'
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
          requests:
            cpu: 100m


        
[root@k8s-master wordpress_deploy]# cat wp-svc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: wp
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 80
      nodePort: 30011
  selector:
    app: wp         
            
            
[root@k8s-master wordpress_deploy]# cat mysql-wp-rc.yml 
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: mysql-wp
spec:
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql-wp
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: mysql-wp
          image: 10.0.0.11:5000/mysql:5.7
          ports:
          - containerPort: 3306
          env:
          - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
            value: 'somewordpress'
          - name: MYSQL_DATABASE
            value: 'wordpress'
          - name: MYSQL_USER
            value: 'wordpress'
          - name: MYSQL_PASSWORD
            value: 'wordpress'


[root@k8s-master wordpress_deploy]# cat mysql-wp-svc.yml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-wp
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 3306
      targetPort: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql-wp

4：k8s的附加组件

4.1 dns服务

安装dns服务

1:下载dns_docker镜像包

wget http://192.168.12.201/docker_image/docker_k8s_dns.tar.gz

2:导入dns_docker镜像包(node2节点)

3:修改skydns-rc.yaml

spec:
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/hostname: 10.0.0.13
  containers:

4:建立dns服务

kubectl  create  -f   skydns-rc.yaml

5:检查

kubectl get all --namespace=kube-system

6:修改全部node节点kubelet的配置文件

vim  /etc/kubernetes/kubelet

KUBELET_ARGS="--cluster_dns=10.254.230.254 --cluster_domain=cluster.local"

systemctl   restart kubelet

4.2 namespace命令空间

namespace作资源隔离

4.3 健康检查

4.3.1 探针的种类

livenessProbe：健康状态检查，周期性检查服务是否存活，检查结果失败，将重启容器

readinessProbe：可用性检查，周期性检查服务是否可用，不可用将从service的endpoints中移除

4.3.2 探针的检测方法

- exec：执行一段命令
- httpGet：检测某个 http 请求的返回状态码
- tcpSocket：测试某个端口是否可以链接

4.3.3 liveness探针的exec使用

vi  nginx_pod_exec.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: exec
spec:
  containers:
    - name: nginx
      image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
      args:
        - /bin/sh
        - -c
        - touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 600
      livenessProbe:
        exec:
          command:
            - cat
            - /tmp/healthy
        initialDelaySeconds: 5
        periodSeconds: 5

4.3.4 liveness探针的httpGet使用

vi   nginx_pod_httpGet.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: httpget
spec:
  containers:
    - name: nginx
      image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
      livenessProbe:
        httpGet:
          path: /index.html
          port: 80
        initialDelaySeconds: 3
        periodSeconds: 3

4.3.5 liveness探针的tcpSocket使用

vi   nginx_pod_tcpSocket.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: tcpSocket
spec:
  containers:
    - name: nginx
      image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
      livenessProbe:
        tcpSocket:
          port: 80
        initialDelaySeconds: 3
        periodSeconds: 3

4.3.6 readiness探针的httpGet使用

vi   nginx-rc-httpGet.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: readiness
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    app: readiness
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: readiness
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: readiness
        image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /qiangge.html
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 3
          periodSeconds: 3

4.4 dashboard服务

1:上传并导入镜像,打标签

2:建立dashborad的deployment和service

3:访问http://10.0.0.11:8080/ui/

4.5 经过apiservicer反向代理访问service

第一种：NodePort类型 
type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 80
      nodePort: 30008

第二种：ClusterIP类型
 type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 80

5: k8s弹性伸缩

k8s弹性伸缩,须要附加插件heapster监控

5.1 安装heapster监控

1:上传并导入镜像,打标签

ls *.tar.gz
for n in `ls *.tar.gz`;do docker load -i $n ;done
docker tag docker.io/kubernetes/heapster_grafana:v2.6.0 10.0.0.11:5000/heapster_grafana:v2.6.0
docker tag  docker.io/kubernetes/heapster_influxdb:v0.5 10.0.0.11:5000/heapster_influxdb:v0.5
docker tag docker.io/kubernetes/heapster:canary 10.0.0.11:5000/heapster:canary

2:上传配置文件,kubectl create -f .

3:打开dashboard验证

5.2 弹性伸缩

1:修改rc的配置文件

containers:
  - name: myweb
    image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
    ports:
    - containerPort: 80
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: 100m
      requests:
        cpu: 100m

2:建立弹性伸缩规则

kubectl autoscale  -n qiangge replicationcontroller myweb --max=8 --min=1 --cpu-percent=8

3:测试

ab -n 1000000 -c 40 http://172.16.28.6/index.html

扩容截图

缩容:

6:持久化存储

pv: persistent volume

pvc: persistent volume  claim

6.1:安装nfs服务端(10.0.0.11)

yum install nfs-utils.x86_64 -y
mkdir /data
vim /etc/exports
/data  10.0.0.0/24(rw,async,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl start nfs

6.2:在node节点安装nfs客户端

yum install nfs-utils.x86_64 -y
showmount -e 10.0.0.11

6.3:建立pv和pvc

上传yaml配置文件,建立pv和pvc

6.4:建立mysql-rc,pod模板里使用volume

volumeMounts:
          - name: mysql
            mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
      volumes:
      - name: mysql
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: tomcat-mysql

6.5: 验证持久化

验证方法1:删除mysql的pod,数据库不丢

kubectl delete pod mysql-gt054

验证方法2:查看nfs服务端,是否有mysql的数据文件

6.6: 分布式存储glusterfs

a: 什么是glusterfs

Glusterfs是一个开源分布式文件系统，具备强大的横向扩展能力，可支持数PB存储容量和数千客户端，经过网络互联成一个并行的网络文件系统。具备可扩展性、高性能、高可用性等特色。

b: 安装glusterfs

全部节点：
yum install  centos-release-gluster -y
yum install  install glusterfs-server -y
systemctl start glusterd.service
systemctl enable glusterd.service
mkdir -p /gfs/test1
mkdir -p /gfs/test2

c: 添加存储资源池

master节点：
gluster pool list
gluster peer probe k8s-node1
gluster peer probe k8s-node2
gluster pool list

d: glusterfs卷管理

建立分布式复制卷
gluster volume create qiangge replica 2 k8s-master:/gfs/test1 k8s-master:/gfs/test2 k8s-node1:/gfs/test1 k8s-node1:/gfs/test2 force
启动卷
gluster volume start qiangge
查看卷
gluster volume info qiangge 
挂载卷
mount -t glusterfs 10.0.0.11:/qiangge /mnt

e: 分布式复制卷讲解

f: 分布式复制卷扩容

扩容前查看容量：
df   -h

扩容命令：
gluster volume add-brick qiangge k8s-node2:/gfs/test1 k8s-node2:/gfs/test2 force

扩容后查看容量:
df   -h

6.7 k8s 对接glusterfs存储

a：建立endpoint

vi  glusterfs-ep.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
  name: glusterfs
  namespace: default
subsets:
- addresses:
  - ip: 10.0.0.11
  - ip: 10.0.0.12
  - ip: 10.0.0.13
  ports:
  - port: 49152
    protocol: TCP

b: 建立service

vi  glusterfs-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: glusterfs
  namespace: default
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 49152
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 49152
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: ClusterIP

c: 建立gluster类型pv

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: gluster
  labels:
    type: glusterfs
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 50Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  glusterfs:
    endpoints: "glusterfs"
    path: "qiangge"
    readOnly: false

d: 建立pvc

略

e：在pod中使用gluster

vi  nginx_pod.yaml
…… 
volumeMounts:
        - name: nfs-vol2
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      volumes:
      - name: nfs-vol2
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: gluster

7:与jenkins集成实现ci/cd

ip地址	服务	内存
10.0.0.11	kube-apiserver 8080	1G
10.0.0.12	jenkins(tomcat + jdk) 8080	1G
10.0.0.13	gitlab 8080,80	2G

7.1: 安装gitlab并上传代码

#a:安装
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-11.9.11-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum localinstall gitlab-ce-11.9.11-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm -y
#b:配置
vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
external_url 'http://10.0.0.13'
prometheus_monitoring['enable'] = false
#c:应用并启动服务
gitlab-ctl reconfigure

#使用浏览器访问http://10.0.0.13,修改root用户密码,建立project

#上传代码到git仓库
cd /srv/
rz -E
unzip xiaoniaofeifei.zip 
rm -fr xiaoniaofeifei.zip 

git config --global user.name "Administrator"
git config --global user.email "admin@example.com"
git init
git remote add origin http://10.0.0.13/root/xiaoniao.git
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git push -u origin master

7.2 安装jenkins,并自动构建docker镜像

7.2.1:安装jenkins

cd /opt/
rz -E
rpm -ivh jdk-8u102-linux-x64.rpm 
mkdir /app
tar xf apache-tomcat-8.0.27.tar.gz -C /app
rm -fr /app/apache-tomcat-8.0.27/webapps/*
mv jenkins.war /app/apache-tomcat-8.0.27/webapps/ROOT.war
tar xf jenkin-data.tar.gz -C /root
/app/apache-tomcat-8.0.27/bin/startup.sh 
netstat -lntup

7.2.2:访问jenkins

访问http://10.0.0.12:8080/,默认帐号密码admin:123456

7.2.3:配置jenkins拉取gitlab代码凭据

a:在jenkins上生成秘钥对

ssh-keygen -t rsa

b:复制公钥粘贴gitlab上

c:jenkins上建立全局凭据

7.2.4:拉取代码测试

7.2.5:编写dockerfile并测试

#vim dockerfile
FROM 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
add .  /usr/share/nginx/html

添加docker build构建时不add的文件
vim .dockerignore
dockerfile

docker build -t xiaoniao:v1 .
docker run -d -p 88:80 xiaoniao:v1

打开浏览器测试访问xiaoniaofeifei的项目

7.2.6:上传dockerfile和.dockerignore到私有仓库

git add docker .dockerignore
git commit -m "fisrt commit"
git push -u origin master

7.2.7:点击jenkins当即构建,自动构建docker镜像并上传到私有仓库

修改jenkins 工程配置

docker build -t 10.0.0.11:5000/test:v\(BUILD_ID . docker push 10.0.0.11:5000/test:v\)BUILD_ID

7.3 jenkins自动部署应用到k8s

kubectl -s 10.0.0.11:8080 get nodes

if [ -f /tmp/xiaoniao.lock ];then
    docker  build  -t  10.0.0.11:5000/xiaoniao:v$BUILD_ID  .
    docker  push 10.0.0.11:5000/xiaoniao:v$BUILD_ID
    kubectl -s 10.0.0.11:8080 set image  -n xiaoniao deploy xiaoniao xiaoniao=10.0.0.11:5000/xiaoniao:v$BUILD_ID
    echo "更新成功"
else
    docker  build  -t  10.0.0.11:5000/xiaoniao:v$BUILD_ID  .
    docker  push 10.0.0.11:5000/xiaoniao:v$BUILD_ID
    kubectl  -s 10.0.0.11:8080  create  namespace  xiaoniao
    kubectl  -s 10.0.0.11:8080  run   xiaoniao  -n xiaoniao  --image=10.0.0.11:5000/xiaoniao:v$BUILD_ID --replicas=3 --record
    kubectl  -s 10.0.0.11:8080   expose -n xiaoniao deployment xiaoniao --port=80 --type=NodePort
    port=`kubectl -s 10.0.0.11:8080  get svc -n xiaoniao|grep -oP '(?<=80:)\d+'`
    echo "你的项目地址访问是http://10.0.0.13:$port"
    touch /tmp/xiaoniao.lock
fi

jenkins一键回滚

kubectl -s 10.0.0.11:8080 rollout undo -n xiaoniao deployment xiaoniao