spring security自定义指南

时间  2019-11-16
标签 spring security 自定义 指南 栏目 Spring 繁體版
原文   原文链接

序

本文主要研究一下几种自定义spring security的方式css

主要方式

  • 自定义UserDetailsService
  • 自定义passwordEncoder
  • 自定义filter
  • 自定义AuthenticationProvider
  • 自定义AccessDecisionManager
  • 自定义securityMetadataSource
  • 自定义access访问控制
  • 自定义authenticationEntryPoint
  • 自定义多个WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

自定义UserDetailsService

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
	//......
	@Bean
    @Override
    protected UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){
        InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("demoUser1").password("123456")
                .authorities("ROLE_USER","read_x").build());
        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("admin").password("123456")
                .authorities("ROLE_ADMIN").build());
        return manager;
    }
}
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经过重写userDetailsService()方法自定义userDetailsService。这里展现的是InMemoryUserDetailsManager。 spring security内置了JdbcUserDetailsManager，能够自行扩展html

自定义passwordEncoder

自定义密码的加密方式，实例以下spring

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    //......

    @Bean
    public DaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() {
        final DaoAuthenticationProvider authProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
        authProvider.setUserDetailsService(userDetailsService);
        authProvider.setPasswordEncoder(encoder());
        return authProvider;
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder encoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(11);
    }
}
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自定义filter

自定义filter离不开对spring security内置filter的顺序的认知：segmentfault

Standard Filter Aliases and Ordering

spring security内置的各类filter顺序以下：api

Alias Filter Class Namespace Element or Attribute
CHANNEL_FILTER ChannelProcessingFilter http/intercept-url@requires-channel
SECURITY_CONTEXT_FILTER SecurityContextPersistenceFilter http
CONCURRENT_SESSION_FILTER ConcurrentSessionFilter session-management/concurrency-control
HEADERS_FILTER HeaderWriterFilter http/headers
CSRF_FILTER CsrfFilter http/csrf
LOGOUT_FILTER LogoutFilter http/logout
X509_FILTER X509AuthenticationFilter http/x509
PRE_AUTH_FILTER AbstractPreAuthenticatedProcessingFilter Subclasses N/A
CAS_FILTER CasAuthenticationFilter N/A
FORM_LOGIN_FILTER UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter http/form-login
BASIC_AUTH_FILTER BasicAuthenticationFilter http/http-basic
SERVLET_API_SUPPORT_FILTER SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter http/@servlet-api-provision
JAAS_API_SUPPORT_FILTER JaasApiIntegrationFilter http/@jaas-api-provision
REMEMBER_ME_FILTER RememberMeAuthenticationFilter http/remember-me
ANONYMOUS_FILTER AnonymousAuthenticationFilter http/anonymous
SESSION_MANAGEMENT_FILTER SessionManagementFilter session-management
EXCEPTION_TRANSLATION_FILTER ExceptionTranslationFilter http
FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR FilterSecurityInterceptor http
SWITCH_USER_FILTER SwitchUserFilter N/A

内置的认证filter

  • UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

参数有username,password的，走UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，提取参数构造UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken进行认证，成功则填充SecurityContextHolder的Authenticationbash

  • BasicAuthenticationFilter

header里头有Authorization，并且value是以Basic开头的，则走BasicAuthenticationFilter，提取参数构造UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken进行认证，成功则填充SecurityContextHolder的Authenticationsession

  • AnonymousAuthenticationFilter

给没有登录的用户，填充AnonymousAuthenticationToken到SecurityContextHolder的Authenticationmvc

定义本身的filter

能够像UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter或者AnonymousAuthenticationFilter继承GenericFilterBean，或者像BasicAuthenticationFilter继承OncePerRequestFilter。 关于GenericFilterBean与OncePerRequestFilter的区别能够见这篇spring mvc中的几类拦截器对比app

自定义filter主要完成功能以下：

  • 提取认证参数
  • 调用认证，成功则填充SecurityContextHolder的Authentication，失败则抛出异常

实例

public class DemoAuthFilter extends GenericFilterBean {

    private final AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    public DemoAuthFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;

        String token = httpServletRequest.getHeader("app_token");
        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(token)){
            httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "invalid token");
            return ;
        }

        try {
            Authentication auth = authenticationManager.authenticate(new WebToken(token));
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(auth);
            filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
            httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}
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设置filter顺序

上面定义完filter以后，而后就要将它放置到filterChain中ide

@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
	//......
	@Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.addFilterBefore(new DemoAuthFilter(authenticationManager()), BasicAuthenticationFilter.class);
        http.csrf().disable();
        http.logout().disable();
        http.sessionManagement().disable();
    }
}
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这里把他添加在BasicAuthenticationFilter以前，固然能够根据状况直接替换UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

http.addFilterAt(new DemoAuthFilter(authenticationManager()),UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
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自定义AuthenticationProvider

AuthenticationManager接口有个实现ProviderManager至关于一个provider chain，它里头有个List providers，经过provider来实现认证。

public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
			throws AuthenticationException {
		Class<? extends Authentication> toTest = authentication.getClass();
		AuthenticationException lastException = null;
		Authentication result = null;
		boolean debug = logger.isDebugEnabled();

		for (AuthenticationProvider provider : getProviders()) {
			if (!provider.supports(toTest)) {
				continue;
			}

			//......
			try {
				result = provider.authenticate(authentication);

				if (result != null) {
					copyDetails(authentication, result);
					break;
				}
			}
			catch (AccountStatusException e) {
				prepareException(e, authentication);
				// SEC-546: Avoid polling additional providers if auth failure is due to
				// invalid account status
				throw e;
			}
			catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException e) {
				prepareException(e, authentication);
				throw e;
			}
			catch (AuthenticationException e) {
				lastException = e;
			}
		}

		//......
	}
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AuthenticationProvider经过supports方法来标识它是否可以处理这个类型的Authentication。 AnonymousAuthenticationFilter构造的是AnonymousAuthenticationToken，由AnonymousAuthenticationProvider来处理

public class AnonymousAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider,
		MessageSourceAware {
		//......
		public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
			return (AnonymousAuthenticationToken.class.isAssignableFrom(authentication));
		}
}		
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UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter，BasicAuthenticationFilter构造的是UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken，由DaoAuthenticationProvider(其父类为AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider)来处理

public abstract class AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider implements
		AuthenticationProvider, InitializingBean, MessageSourceAware {
		//......
		public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
			return (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class
				.isAssignableFrom(authentication));
		}
}			
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像上面咱们自定义了WebToken，其实例以下：

能够实现Authentication接口，或者继承AbstractAuthenticationToken

public class WebToken extends AbstractAuthenticationToken {

    private final String token;

    public WebToken(String token) {
        super(null);
        this.token = token;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getCredentials() {
        return this.token;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getPrincipal() {
        return null;
    }
}
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这里就自定义一下支持这类WebToken的AuthenticationProvider

AuthenticationProvider要实现的功能就是根据参数来校验是否能够登陆经过，不经过则抛出异常；经过则获取其GrantedAuthority填充到authentication中 若是是继承了AbstractAuthenticationToken，则是填充其authorities属性 前面自定义的DemoAuthFilter会在登录成功以后，将authentication写入到SecurityContextHolder的context中 能够实现AuthenticationProvider接口，或者继承AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider(默认集成了preAuthenticationChecks以及postAuthenticationChecks)

@Service
public class MyAuthProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {
	//...
	@Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
    	//......
    }
	@Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> authenticationClass) {
        return return (WebToken.class
				.isAssignableFrom(authenticationClass));
    }
}
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自定义AccessDecisionManager

前面有filter处理了登陆问题，接下来是否可访问指定资源的问题就由FilterSecurityInterceptor来处理了。而FilterSecurityInterceptor是用了AccessDecisionManager来进行鉴权。

AccessDecisionManager的几个实现：

  • AffirmativeBased(spring security默认使用)

只要有投经过（ACCESS_GRANTED）票，则直接判为经过。若是没有投经过票且反对（ACCESS_DENIED）票在1个及其以上的，则直接判为不经过。

  • ConsensusBased(少数服从多数)

经过的票数大于反对的票数则判为经过;经过的票数小于反对的票数则判为不经过;经过的票数和反对的票数相等，则可根据配置allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions（默认为true）进行判断是否经过。

  • UnanimousBased(反对票优先)

不管多少投票者投了多少经过（ACCESS_GRANTED）票，只要有反对票（ACCESS_DENIED），那都判为不经过;若是没有反对票且有投票者投了经过票，那么就判为经过.

实例

其自定义方式之一能够参考聊聊spring security的role hierarchy，展现了如何自定义AccessDecisionVoter。

自定义securityMetadataSource

主要是经过ObjectPostProcessor来实现自定义，具体实例可参考spring security动态配置url权限

自定义access访问控制

对authorizeRequests的控制，可使用permitAll，anonymous，authenticated，hasAuthority，hasRole等等

.antMatchers("/login","/css/**", "/js/**","/fonts/**","/file/**").permitAll()
				.antMatchers("/anonymous*").anonymous()
                .antMatchers("/session").authenticated()
                .antMatchers("/login/impersonate").hasAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN")
                .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
                .antMatchers("/auth/*").hasAnyRole("ADMIN","USER")
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这些都是利用spring security内置的表达式。像hasAuthority等，他们内部仍是使用access方法来实现的。所以咱们也能够直接使用access，来实现最大限度的自定义。

实例

@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/login/**","/logout/**")
                .permitAll()
                .anyRequest().access("@authService.canAccess(request,authentication)");
    }
}
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这个就有点像使用spring EL表达式，实现实例以下

@Component
public class AuthService {

    public boolean canAccess(HttpServletRequest request, Authentication authentication) {
        Object principal = authentication.getPrincipal();
        if(principal == null){
            return false;
        }

        if(authentication instanceof AnonymousAuthenticationToken){
            //check if this uri can be access by anonymous
            //return
        }

        Set<String> roles = authentication.getAuthorities()
                .stream()
                .map(e -> e.getAuthority())
                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
        String uri = request.getRequestURI();
        //check this uri can be access by this role

        return true;

    }
}
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自定义authenticationEntryPoint

好比你想给basic认证换个realmName，除了再spring security配置中指定

security.basic.realm=myrealm
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也能够这样

httpBasic().authenticationEntryPoint(createBasicAuthEntryPoint("myrealm"))

	public static BasicAuthenticationEntryPoint createBasicAuthEntryPoint(String realmName){
        BasicAuthenticationEntryPoint entryPoint = new BasicAuthenticationEntryPoint();
        entryPoint.setRealmName(realmName);
        return entryPoint;
    }
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自定义多个WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter

spring security使用antMatchers不支持not的状况，所以能够自定义多个WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter，利用order优先级来实现匹配的覆盖，具体能够参考这篇文章Multiple Entry Points in Spring Security

小结

还有其余自定义的方式，等后续有发现再补上。

doc

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