JAVA线程sleep()和wait()

sleep

1.sleep是Thread的一个静态(static)方法。使得Runnable实现的线程也可使用sleep方法。并且避免了线程以前相互调用sleep()方法,引起死锁。java

2.sleep()执行时须要赋予一个沉睡时间。在沉睡期间(阻塞线程期间),CPU会放弃这个线程,执行其余任务。当沉睡时间到了以后,该线程会自动苏醒,不过此时线程不会马上被执行,而是要等CPU分配资源,和其余线程进行竞争。并发

3.此外若是这个线程以前获取了一个机锁,在沉睡期间,这个机锁不会释放。其余等待这个机锁的程序,必须等待这个线程醒来,且执行完后才能运行。ide

sleep相关代码

public class ThreadTest2 {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        System.out.println("begin our test");
        ThreadSleep sleep = new ThreadSleep();
        try {
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(sleep,"路人甲");
            Thread thread2 = new Thread(sleep,"路人乙");
            thread1.start();
            thread2.start();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("test is over");
    }


}

 class ThreadSleep implements  Runnable{

     int count = 0;

     @Override
     public void run(){
         System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " say : hello sleep !!");
         count();

     }

     public void count(){
         while(count < 20) {
                 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " say : count is " + count);
                 try {
                     count++;
                     Thread.sleep(100);
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
         }

     }
}

输出日志this

begin our test
test is over
路人甲 say : hello sleep !!
路人甲 say : count is 0
路人乙 say : hello sleep !!
路人乙 say : count is 1
路人甲 say : count is 2
路人乙 say : count is 2
路人甲 say : count is 4
路人乙 say : count is 4
路人甲 say : count is 6
路人乙 say : count is 7
路人乙 say : count is 8
路人甲 say : count is 8
路人甲 say : count is 10
路人乙 say : count is 10
路人乙 say : count is 12
路人甲 say : count is 12
路人乙 say : count is 14
路人甲 say : count is 14
路人甲 say : count is 16
路人乙 say : count is 16
路人甲 say : count is 18
路人乙 say : count is 18

经过日志能够发现线程甲和线程乙基本是交替执行,可是并不规律,且出现了并发问题。spa

该状况是因为代码中设置了睡眠时间为100毫秒,因为count递增执行速度很快,因此线程差很少是同时睡眠,而后同时苏醒并致使了并发的出现。线程

接下来要添加synchronize块,检查sleep时机锁是否释放日志

public class ThreadTest2 {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        System.out.println("begin our test");
        ThreadSleep sleep = new ThreadSleep();
        try {
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(sleep,"路人甲");
            Thread thread2 = new Thread(sleep,"路人乙");
            thread1.start();
            thread2.start();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("test is over");
    }


}

class ThreadSleep implements  Runnable{

    int count = 0;

    @Override
    public void run(){
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " say : hello sleep !!");
        count();

    }

    public void count(){
        while(count < 20) {
            synchronized (this) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " say : count is " + count);
                try {
                    count++;
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

            }
        }

    }
}

输出日志code

begin our test
路人甲 say : hello sleep !!
路人甲 say : count is 0
test is over
路人乙 say : hello sleep !!
路人甲 say : count is 1
路人甲 say : count is 2
路人甲 say : count is 3
路人甲 say : count is 4
路人甲 say : count is 5
路人甲 say : count is 6
路人甲 say : count is 7
路人甲 say : count is 8
路人甲 say : count is 9
路人甲 say : count is 10
路人甲 say : count is 11
路人甲 say : count is 12
路人甲 say : count is 13
路人甲 say : count is 14
路人甲 say : count is 15
路人甲 say : count is 16
路人甲 say : count is 17
路人甲 say : count is 18
路人甲 say : count is 19
路人乙 say : count is 20

经过日志能够看出,基本是线程甲在执行,这是由于sleep时,机锁一直在线程甲上,因此线程乙只能一直等待直到线程甲释放锁。对象

wait

1.wait()是Object类的一个方法。当调用wait()方法时,该线程会进入和该对象相关的等待池中,并释放它所拥有的机锁。资源

2.执行wait()后,必须使用notify()方法或notifyAll()方法或设置等待时间(wait(long time))唤醒在等待线程池中的线程。

3.wait()必须放在synchronized block中,不然会在运行时报“java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException”异常

wait相关代码

public class ThreadTest2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("begin our test");
        ThreadSleep sleep = new ThreadSleep();
        try {
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(sleep, "路人甲");
            Thread thread2 = new Thread(sleep, "路人乙");
            thread1.start();
            thread2.start();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("test is over");
    }
}

class ThreadSleep implements Runnable {

    int count = 0;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " say : hello sleep !!");
        count();

    }

    public  void count() {
        while (count < 20) {
            synchronized (this) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " say : count is " + count);
                try {
                    count++;
                    this.wait(100);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

输出日志

begin our test
路人甲 say : hello sleep !!
路人甲 say : count is 0
test is over
路人乙 say : hello sleep !!
路人乙 say : count is 1
路人甲 say : count is 2
路人乙 say : count is 3
路人甲 say : count is 4
路人乙 say : count is 5
路人甲 say : count is 6
路人乙 say : count is 7
路人甲 say : count is 8
路人乙 say : count is 9
路人甲 say : count is 10
路人乙 say : count is 11
路人甲 say : count is 12
路人乙 say : count is 13
路人乙 say : count is 14
路人甲 say : count is 15
路人乙 say : count is 16
路人甲 say : count is 17
路人乙 say : count is 18
路人甲 say : count is 19

经过日志能够发如今wait的状况下,机锁会被释放。

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