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前面一篇博文 190301-SpringBoot基础篇AOP之基本使用姿式小结 介绍了aop的简单使用方式,在文章最后,抛出了几个问题待解决,本篇博文则将针对前面的问题,看下更多关于AOP的使用说明java
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前面一文,主要介绍的是根据正则表达式来拦截对应的方法,接下来演示下如何经过注解的方式来拦截目标方法,实现也比较简单github
首先建立注解正则表达式
@Target(ElementType.METHOD) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) public @interface AnoDot { }
接着在目标方法上添加注解,这里借助前面博文中工程进行说明,新建一个com.git.hui.boot.aop.demo2.AnoDemoBean
,注意这个包路径,是不会被前文的AnoAspect
定义的Advice拦截的,这里新建一个包路径的目的就是为了尽量的减小干扰项spring
@Component public class AnoDemoBean { @AnoDot public String genUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in genUUID before process!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + "|" + time; } finally { System.out.println("in genUUID finally!"); } } }
接下来定义对应的advice, 直接在前面的AnoAspect
中添加(不知道前文的也不要紧,下面贴出相关的代码类,前文的类容与本节内容无关)dom
@Aspect @Component public class AnoAspect { @Before("@annotation(AnoDot)") public void anoBefore() { System.out.println("AnoAspect "); } }
测试代码spring-boot
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { private AnoDemoBean anoDemoBean; public Application(AnoDemoBean anoDemoBean) { this.anoDemoBean = anoDemoBean; this.anoDemoBean(); } private void anoDemoBean() { System.out.println(">>>>>>>" + anoDemoBean.genUUID(System.currentTimeMillis())); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
输出结果以下,在执行目标方法以前,会先执行before advice中的逻辑学习
AnoAspect in genUUID before process! in genUUID finally! >>>>>>>3a5d749d-d94c-4fc0-a7a3-12fd97f3e1fa|1551513443644
一个方法执行时,若是有多个advice知足拦截规则,是全部的都会触发么?经过前面一篇博文知道,不一样类型的advice是均可以拦截的,若是出现多个相同类型的advice呢?测试
在前面一篇博文的基础上进行操做,咱们扩展下com.git.hui.boot.aop.demo.DemoBean
ui
@Component public class DemoBean { @AnoDot public String genUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in genUUID before process!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + "|" + time; } finally { System.out.println("in genUUID finally!"); } } }
对应的测试切面内容如
@Aspect @Component public class AnoAspect { @Before("execution(public * com.git.hui.boot.aop.demo.*.*(*))") public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) { System.out.println("do in Aspect before method called! args: " + JSON.toJSONString(joinPoint.getArgs())); } @Pointcut("execution(public * com.git.hui.boot.aop.demo.*.*(*))") public void point() { } @After("point()") public void doAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) { System.out.println("do in Aspect after method called! args: " + JSON.toJSONString(joinPoint.getArgs())); } /** * 执行完毕以后,经过 args指定参数;经过 returning 指定返回的结果,要求返回值类型匹配 * * @param time * @param result */ @AfterReturning(value = "point() && args(time)", returning = "result") public void doAfterReturning(long time, String result) { System.out.println("do in Aspect after method return! args: " + time + " ans: " + result); } @Around("point()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { System.out.println("do in Aspect around ------ before"); Object ans = joinPoint.proceed(); System.out.println("do in Aspect around ------- over! ans: " + ans); return ans; } @Before("point()") public void sameBefore() { System.out.println("SameAspect"); } @Before("@annotation(AnoDot)") public void anoBefore() { System.out.println("AnoAspect"); } }
测试代码以下
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { private DemoBean demoBean; public Application(DemoBean demoBean) { this.demoBean = demoBean; this.demoBean(); } private void demoBean() { System.out.println(">>>>> " + demoBean.genUUID(System.currentTimeMillis())); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
输出结果以下,全部的切面都执行了,也就是说,只要知足条件的advice,都会被拦截到
do in Aspect around ------ before AnoAspect do in Aspect before method called! args: [1551520547268] SameAspect in genUUID before process! in genUUID finally! do in Aspect around ------- over! ans: 5f6a5616-f558-4ac9-ba4b-b4360d7dc238|1551520547268 do in Aspect after method called! args: [1551520547268] do in Aspect after method return! args: 1551520547268 ans: 5f6a5616-f558-4ac9-ba4b-b4360d7dc238|1551520547268 >>>>> 5f6a5616-f558-4ac9-ba4b-b4360d7dc238|1551520547268
嵌套的方式有几种case,先看第一种
这里咱们借助第一节中的bean来继续模拟, 在AnoDemoBean
类中,新增一个方法
@Component public class AnoDemoBean { public String randUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in randUUID start!"); return genUUID(time); } finally { System.out.println("in randUUID finally!"); } } @AnoDot public String genUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in genUUID before process!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + "|" + time; } finally { System.out.println("in genUUID finally!"); } } }
对应的切面为
@Aspect @Component public class NetAspect { @Around("@annotation(AnoDot)") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { System.out.println("In NetAspect doAround before!"); Object ans = joinPoint.proceed(); System.out.println("In NetAspect doAround over! ans: " + ans); return ans; } }
而后测试case须要改成直接调用 AnoDemoBean#randUUID
,须要看这个方法内部调用的genUUID
是否会被切面拦截住
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { private AnoDemoBean anoDemoBean; public Application(AnoDemoBean anoDemoBean) { this.anoDemoBean = anoDemoBean; this.anoDemoBean(); } private void anoDemoBean() { System.out.println(">>>>>>>" + anoDemoBean.randUUID(System.currentTimeMillis())); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
输出结果以下,没有切面的日志,代表这种场景下,不会被拦截
in randUUID start! in genUUID before process! in genUUID finally! in randUUID finally! >>>>>>>0c6a5ccf-30c0-4ac0-97f2-3dc063580f3d|1551522176035
依然使用前面的例子进行说明,不过是稍稍改一下AnoDemoBean
,调用第二节中的DemoBean的方法
DemoBean的代码以下
@AnoDot public String genUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in DemoBean genUUID before process!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + "|" + time; } finally { System.out.println("in DemoBean genUUID finally!"); } }
而后AnoDemoBean的代码以下
@Component public class AnoDemoBean { @Autowired private DemoBean demoBean; public String randUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean randUUID start!"); return genUUID(time) + "<<<>>>" + demoBean.genUUID(time); } finally { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean randUUID finally!"); } } @AnoDot public String genUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean genUUID before process!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + "|" + time; } finally { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean genUUID finally!"); } } }
测试代码和前面彻底一致,接下来看下输出
in AnoDemoBean randUUID start! in AnoDemoBean genUUID before process! in AnoDemoBean genUUID finally! ### 上面三行为 anoDemoBean#randUUID方法调用 anoDemoBean#genUUID方法的输出结果,能够看到没有切面执行的日志输出 ### 下面的为调用 demoBean#genUUID 方法,能够看到切面(NetAspect#doAround)执行的日志 In NetAspect doAround before! in DemoBean genUUID before process! in DemoBean genUUID finally! In NetAspect doAround over! ans: f35b8878-fbd0-4840-8fbe-5fef8eda5e31|1551522532092 ### 最后是收尾 in AnoDemoBean randUUID finally! >>>>>>>e516a35f-b85a-4cbd-aae0-fa97cdecab47|1551522532092<<<>>>f35b8878-fbd0-4840-8fbe-5fef8eda5e31|1551522532092
从上面的日志分析中,能够明确看出对比,调用本类中,知足被拦截的方法,也不会走切面逻辑;调用其余类中的知足切面拦截的方法,会走切面逻辑
这个和两个case有点像,不一样的是直接调用的方法也知足被切面拦截的条件,咱们主要关注点在于嵌套调用的方法,会不会进入切面逻辑,这里须要修改的地方就不多了,直接把 AnoDemoBean#randUUID
方法上添加注解,而后执行便可
@Component public class AnoDemoBean { @Autowired private DemoBean demoBean; @AnoDot public String randUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean randUUID start!"); return genUUID(time) + "<<<>>>" + demoBean.genUUID(time); } finally { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean randUUID finally!"); } } @AnoDot public String genUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean genUUID before process!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + "|" + time; } finally { System.out.println("in AnoDemoBean genUUID finally!"); } } }
输出结果以下
## 最外层的切面拦截的是 AnoDemoBean#randUUID 方法的执行 In NetAspect doAround before! in AnoDemoBean randUUID start! in AnoDemoBean genUUID before process! in AnoDemoBean genUUID finally! ### 从跟上面三行的输出,能够知道内部调用的 AnoDemoBean#genUUID 即使知足切面拦截规则,也不会再次走切面逻辑 ### 下面4行,代表其余类的方法,若是知足切面拦截规则,会进入到切面逻辑 In NetAspect doAround before! in DemoBean genUUID before process! in DemoBean genUUID finally! In NetAspect doAround over! ans: d9df7388-2ef8-4b1a-acb5-6639c47f36ca|1551522969801 in AnoDemoBean randUUID finally! In NetAspect doAround over! ans: cf350bc2-9a9a-4ef6-b496-c913d297c960|1551522969801<<<>>>d9df7388-2ef8-4b1a-acb5-6639c47f36ca|1551522969801 >>>>>>>cf350bc2-9a9a-4ef6-b496-c913d297c960|1551522969801<<<>>>d9df7388-2ef8-4b1a-acb5-6639c47f36ca|1551522969801
从输出结果进行反推,一个结论是
前面测试的被拦截方法都是public,那么是否代表只有public方法才能被拦截呢?
从第三节基本能够看出,private方法首先淘汰出列,为啥?由于private方法正常来说只能内部调用,而内部调用不会走切面逻辑;因此接下来须要关注的主要放在默认做用域和protected做用域
@Component public class ScopeDemoBean { @AnoDot String defaultRandUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println(" in ScopeDemoBean defaultRandUUID before!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + " | default | " + time; } finally { System.out.println(" in ScopeDemoBean defaultRandUUID finally!"); } } @AnoDot protected String protectedRandUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println(" in ScopeDemoBean protectedRandUUID before!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + " | protected | " + time; } finally { System.out.println(" in ScopeDemoBean protectedRandUUID finally!"); } } @AnoDot private String privateRandUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println(" in ScopeDemoBean privateRandUUID before!"); return UUID.randomUUID() + " | private | " + time; } finally { System.out.println(" in ScopeDemoBean privateRandUUID finally!"); } } }
咱们不直接使用这个类里面的方法,借助前面的 AnoDemoBean
, 下面给出了经过反射的方式来调用private方法的case
@Component public class AnoDemoBean { @Autowired private ScopeDemoBean scopeDemoBean; public void scopeUUID(long time) { try { System.out.println("-------- default --------"); String defaultAns = scopeDemoBean.defaultRandUUID(time); System.out.println("-------- default: " + defaultAns + " --------\n"); System.out.println("-------- protected --------"); String protectedAns = scopeDemoBean.protectedRandUUID(time); System.out.println("-------- protected: " + protectedAns + " --------\n"); System.out.println("-------- private --------"); Method method = ScopeDemoBean.class.getDeclaredMethod("privateRandUUID", long.class); method.setAccessible(true); String privateAns = (String) method.invoke(scopeDemoBean, time); System.out.println("-------- private: " + privateAns + " --------\n"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
测试case
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { private AnoDemoBean anoDemoBean; public Application(AnoDemoBean anoDemoBean) { this.anoDemoBean = anoDemoBean; this.anoDemoBean(); } private void anoDemoBean() { anoDemoBean.scopeUUID(System.currentTimeMillis()); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
输出结果以下,从日志打印来看,protected和default方法的切面都走到了
-------- default -------- In NetAspect doAround before! in ScopeDemoBean defaultRandUUID before! in ScopeDemoBean defaultRandUUID finally! In NetAspect doAround over! ans: 2ad7e509-c62c-4f25-b68f-eb5e0b53196d | default | 1551524311537 -------- default: 2ad7e509-c62c-4f25-b68f-eb5e0b53196d | default | 1551524311537 -------- -------- protected -------- In NetAspect doAround before! in ScopeDemoBean protectedRandUUID before! in ScopeDemoBean protectedRandUUID finally! In NetAspect doAround over! ans: 9eb339f8-9e71-4321-ab83-a8953d1b8ff8 | protected | 1551524311537 -------- protected: 9eb339f8-9e71-4321-ab83-a8953d1b8ff8 | protected | 1551524311537 -------- -------- private -------- in ScopeDemoBean privateRandUUID before! in ScopeDemoBean privateRandUUID finally! -------- private: 1826afac-6eca-4dc3-8edc-b4ca7146ce28 | private | 1551524311537 --------
本篇博文篇幅比较长,主要是测试代码比较占用地方,所以有必要简单的小结一下,作一个清晰的概括,方便不想看细节,只想获取最终结论的小伙伴
注解拦截方式:
@Around("@annotation(AnoDot)")
多advice状况:
嵌套场景
做用域
优先级
这个内容由于特别多,因此有必要单独拎出来,其主要的分类以下
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