PostgreSQL源码安装

一、安装前准备
1.一、主机硬件配置
4G内存，40G磁盘

1.二、配置OS内核参数
kernel.shmall、kernel.shmmax、kernel.shmmni共享内存相关参数，在9.2以及之前的版本，数据库启动时，对共享内存段的内存需求很是大。后期版本要求不大，但可参考此设置。

1.三、配置OS资源限制
vi /etc/security/limits.conf

* soft    nofile  131072  
* hard    nofile  131072  
* soft    nproc   131072  
* hard    nproc   131072  
* soft    core    unlimited  
* hard    core    unlimited  
* soft    memlock 500000000  
* hard    memlock 500000000

1.四、配置OS防火墙
iptables -F

1.五、selinux
若是没这方面需求，建议关闭。

# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux   

SELINUX=disabled  
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

1.六、建立用户
useradd pg12
二、数据库安装
2.一、下载postgresql源码
前往https://www.postgresql.org/ftp/source/ ，下载相关源码包

2.二、安装postgresql
安装依赖包：
root用户下，使用yum 安装依赖包

yum -y install coreutils glib2 lrzsz mpstat dstat sysstat e4fsprogs xfsprogs ntp readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel pam-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel python-devel tcl-devel gcc make smartmontools flex bison perl-devel perl-Ext  
Utils* openldap-devel jadetex  openjade bzip2

编译安装postgresql：
pg12用户下，编译安装PostgreSQL，
su - pg12
[pg12@oracle ~]$ tar -jxvf postgresql-12beta2.tar.bz2
[pg12@oracle ~]$ cd postgresql-12.2
[pg12@oracle postgresql-12.2]$ ./configure --prefix=/home/pg12/pgsql12.2 --with-perl --with-python
[pg12@oracle postgresql-12.2]$ make world -j 8
[pg12@oracle postgresql-12.2]$ make install-world
注： 若是不须要调用perl和python编写函数，能够不添加—with-perl —with-python。

2.三、配置linux用户环境变量
在pg12用户下配置环境变量：

su - pg12
vi ~/.bash_profile

追加

export PS1="$USER@`/bin/hostname -s`-> "  
export PGPORT=1921  
export PGDATA=/home/pg12/pgdata  
export LANG=en_US.utf8  
export PGHOME=/home/pg12/pgsql12.2  
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH  
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:.  
export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`  
export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH  
export PGHOST=$PGDATA  
export PGUSER=postgres  
export PGDATABASE=postgres  
alias rm='rm -i'  
alias ll='ls -lh'

使环境变量生效：
[pg12@oracle ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile

2.四、初始化数据库集群
pg12@oracle-> cd pgsql12,2/bin/
pg12@oracle-> initdb -D $PGDATA -E UTF8 —locale=C -U postgres 2.五、配置数据库 配置文件在$PGDATA目录中
pg12@oracle-> vi postgresql.conf

追加

listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0'  
port = 1921  
max_connections = 200  
unix_socket_directories = '.'  
tcp_keepalives_idle = 60  
tcp_keepalives_interval = 10  
tcp_keepalives_count = 10  
shared_buffers = 512MB  
dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix  
vacuum_cost_delay = 0  
bgwriter_delay = 10ms  
bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 1000  
bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 10.0  
bgwriter_flush_after = 0   
old_snapshot_threshold = -1  
backend_flush_after = 0   
wal_level = replica  
synchronous_commit = off  
full_page_writes = on  
wal_buffers = 16MB  
wal_writer_delay = 10ms  
wal_writer_flush_after = 0   
checkpoint_timeout = 30min   
max_wal_size = 2GB  
min_wal_size = 128MB  
checkpoint_completion_target = 0.05    
checkpoint_flush_after = 0    
random_page_cost = 1.3   
log_destination = 'csvlog'  
logging_collector = on  
log_truncate_on_rotation = on  
log_checkpoints = on  
log_connections = on  
log_disconnections = on  
log_error_verbosity = verbose  
autovacuum = on  
log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0  
autovacuum_naptime = 20s  
autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.05  
autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 1500000000  
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age = 1600000000  
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 0  
vacuum_freeze_table_age = 1400000000  
vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age = 1500000000  
datestyle = 'iso, mdy'  
timezone = 'PRC'  
lc_messages = 'C'  
lc_monetary = 'C'  
lc_numeric = 'C'  
lc_time = 'C'  
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'  
shared_preload_libraries='pg_stat_statements'

配置pg_hba.conf:

pg12@oracle-> vi pg_hba.conf
追加
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

2.六、启动数据库集群
pg12@oracle-> pg_ctl start
看到提示’server started’则表示启动成功。

2.七、链接数据库
pg12@oracle-> psql
psql (12beta2)
Type “help” for help.

postgres=#