一个好用的导出excel数据为protobuf的工具
网上有一具用于把excel表格数据导出为google protobuf格式，及生成protobuf协议的工具：https://blog.csdn.net/linshuhe1/article/details/52062969 但作过大型游戏的人都知道，当有大量数据须要配置时，同一个excel表格的数据，可能客户端只须要其中的一些列，服务器须要的又是另外一些列。分红两个表来维护的话又增长工做量及出错风险。因此我在前人的基础上，稍微把这个工具改了一下，在excel表增长第一行，用于指定该列客户端（填C）用到仍是服务器端用（填S）或者是客户端，服务器都用（填CS）。而后在启动导表脚本xls_deploy_tool.py时经过命令行的第四个参数（可选值为：C,S,CS）来指定导出那些列，例如：python
python xls_deploy_tool.py GOODS_INFO xls/goods_info.xls C #只导出客户端列git
python xls_deploy_tool.py GOODS_INFO xls/goods_info.xls S #只导出服务器端列数组
-----------工具源码-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------服务器
#! /usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
##
# @file: xls_deploy_tool.py
# @author: jameyli <lgy AT live DOT com>
# @brief: xls 配置导表工具
# 主要功能：
# 1 配置定义生成，根据excel 自动生成配置的PB定义
# 2 配置数据导入，将配置数据生成PB的序列化后的二进制数据或者文本数据
#
# 说明:
# 1 excel 的前五行用于结构定义, 其他则为数据，第一行取值C-S-CS,分别表示该列数仅是客户端或服务器端，或者二者都有，按第二行区分, 分别解释：
# required 必有属性
# optional 可选属性
# 第三行: 属性类型
# 第四行：属性名
# 第五行：注释
# 数据行：属性值
# repeated 代表下一个属性是repeated,即数组
# 第三行: repeat的最大次数, excel中会重复列出该属性
# 2011-11-29 作了修改 第二行若是是类型定义的话，则代表该列是repeated
# 可是目前只支持整形
# 第四行：无用
# 第五行：注释
# 数据行：实际的重复次数
# required_struct 必选结构属性
# optional_struct 可选结构属性
# 第三行：结构元素个数
# 第四行：结构名
# 第五行：在上层结构中的属性名
# 数据行：不用填
# 1 | required/optional | repeated | required_struct/optional_struct |
# | ------------------| ---------:| ---------------------------------:|
# 2 | 属性类型 | | 结构元素个数 |
# 3 | 属性名 | | 结构类型名 |
# 4 | 注释说明 | | 在上层结构中的属性名 |
# 5 | 属性值 | | |
#
#
# 开始设计的很理想，但愿配置定义和配置数据保持一致,使用同一个excel
# 不知道可否实现
#
# 功能基本实现，并验证过能够经过CPP解析 ohye
#
# 2011-06-17 修改:
# 表名sheet_name 使用大写
# 结构定义使用大写加下划线
# 2011-06-20 修改bug:
# excel命名中存在空格
# repeated_num = 0 时的状况
# 2011-11-24 添加功能
# 默认值
# 2011-11-29 添加功能
# repeated 第二行若是是类型定义的话，则代表该列是repeated
# 可是目前只支持整形
# TODO::
# 1 时间配置人性化
# 2 区分server/client 配置
# 3 repeated 优化
# 4 struct 优化
# 依赖:
# 1 protobuf
# 2 xlrd
##
import xlrd # for read excel
import sys
import os
# TAP的空格数
TAP_BLANK_NUM = 4
FIELD_CS_ROW = 0
FIELD_RULE_ROW = 1
# 这一行还表示重复的最大个数，或结构体元素数
FIELD_TYPE_ROW = 2
FIELD_NAME_ROW = 3
FIELD_COMMENT_ROW = 4
class LogHelp :
"""日志辅助类"""
_logger = None
_close_imme = True
@staticmethod
def set_close_flag(flag):
LogHelp._close_imme = flag
@staticmethod
def _initlog():
import logging
LogHelp._logger = logging.getLogger()
logfile = 'tnt_comm_deploy_tool.log'
hdlr = logging.FileHandler(logfile)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s|%(levelname)s|%(lineno)d|%(funcName)s|%(message)s')
hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
LogHelp._logger.addHandler(hdlr)
LogHelp._logger.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
# LogHelp._logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
LogHelp._logger.info("\n\n\n")
LogHelp._logger.info("logger is inited!")
@staticmethod
def get_logger() :
if LogHelp._logger is None :
LogHelp._initlog()
return LogHelp._logger
@staticmethod
def close() :
if LogHelp._close_imme:
import logging
if LogHelp._logger is None :
return
logging.shutdown()
# log macro
LOG_DEBUG=LogHelp.get_logger().debug
LOG_INFO=LogHelp.get_logger().info
LOG_WARN=LogHelp.get_logger().warn
LOG_ERROR=LogHelp.get_logger().error
class SheetInterpreter:
"""经过excel配置生成配置的protobuf定义文件"""
def __init__(self, xls_file_path, sheet_name,cs="S"):
self._xls_file_path = xls_file_path
self._sheet_name = sheet_name
self._cs = cs
try :
self._workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self._xls_file_path)
except BaseException, e :
print "open xls file(%s) failed!"%(self._xls_file_path)
raise
try :
self._sheet =self._workbook.sheet_by_name(self._sheet_name)
except BaseException, e :
print "open sheet(%s) failed!"%(self._sheet_name)
# 行数和列数
self._row_count = len(self._sheet.col_values(0))
self._col_count = len(self._sheet.row_values(0))
self._row = 0
self._col = 0
# 将全部的输出先写到一个list， 最后统一写到文件
self._output = []
# 排版缩进空格数
self._indentation = 0
# field number 结构嵌套时使用列表
# 新增一个结构，行增一个元素，结构定义完成后弹出
self._field_index_list = [1]
# 当前行是否输出，避免相同结构重复定义
self._is_layout = True
# 保存全部结构的名字
self._struct_name_list = []
self._pb_file_name = "tnt_deploy_" + sheet_name.lower() + ".proto"
def Interpreter(self) :
"""对外的接口"""
LOG_INFO("begin Interpreter, row_count = %d, col_count = %d", self._row_count, self._col_count)
self._LayoutFileHeader()
self._output.append("package tnt_deploy;\n")
self._LayoutStructHead(self._sheet_name)
self._IncreaseIndentation()
while self._col < self._col_count :
self._FieldDefine(0)
self._DecreaseIndentation()
self._LayoutStructTail()
self._LayoutArray()
self._Write2File()
LogHelp.close()
# 将PB转换成py格式
try :
command = "protoc --python_out=./ " + self._pb_file_name
os.system(command)
except BaseException, e :
print "protoc failed!"
raise
def _FieldDefine(self, repeated_num) :
LOG_INFO("row=%d, col=%d, repeated_num=%d", self._row, self._col, repeated_num)
field_cs = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_CS_ROW, self._col))
if field_cs.find(self._cs) < 0:
self._col +=1
return
field_rule = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_RULE_ROW, self._col))
if field_rule == "required" or field_rule == "optional" :
field_type = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_TYPE_ROW, self._col)).strip()
field_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_NAME_ROW, self._col)).strip()
field_comment = unicode(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_COMMENT_ROW, self._col))
LOG_INFO("%s|%s|%s|%s", field_rule, field_type, field_name, field_comment)
comment = field_comment.encode("utf-8")
self._LayoutComment(comment)
if repeated_num >= 1:
field_rule = "repeated"
self._LayoutOneField(field_rule, field_type, field_name)
actual_repeated_num = 1 if (repeated_num == 0) else repeated_num
self._col += actual_repeated_num
elif field_rule == "repeated" :
# 2011-11-29 修改
# 若repeated第二行是类型定义，则表示当前字段是repeated，而且数据在单列用分好相隔
second_row = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_TYPE_ROW, self._col)).strip()
LOG_DEBUG("repeated|%s", second_row);
# exel有可能有小数点
if second_row.isdigit() or second_row.find(".") != -1 :
# 这里后面通常会是一个结构体
repeated_num = int(float(second_row))
LOG_INFO("%s|%d", field_rule, repeated_num)
self._col += 1
self._FieldDefine(repeated_num)
else :
# 通常是简单的单字段，数值用分号相隔
field_type = second_row
field_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_NAME_ROW, self._col)).strip()
field_comment = unicode(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_COMMENT_ROW, self._col))
LOG_INFO("%s|%s|%s|%s", field_rule, field_type, field_name, field_comment)
comment = field_comment.encode("utf-8")
self._LayoutComment(comment)
self._LayoutOneField(field_rule, field_type, field_name)
self._col += 1
elif field_rule == "required_struct" or field_rule == "optional_struct":
field_num = int(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_TYPE_ROW, self._col))
struct_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_NAME_ROW, self._col)).strip()
field_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_COMMENT_ROW, self._col)).strip()
LOG_INFO("%s|%d|%s|%s", field_rule, field_num, struct_name, field_name)
if (self._IsStructDefined(struct_name)) :
self._is_layout = False
else :
self._struct_name_list.append(struct_name)
self._is_layout = True
col_begin = self._col
self._StructDefine(struct_name, field_num)
col_end = self._col
self._is_layout = True
if repeated_num >= 1:
field_rule = "repeated"
elif field_rule == "required_struct":
field_rule = "required"
else:
field_rule = "optional"
self._LayoutOneField(field_rule, struct_name, field_name)
actual_repeated_num = 1 if (repeated_num == 0) else repeated_num
self._col += (actual_repeated_num-1) * (col_end-col_begin)
else :
self._col += 1
return
def _IsStructDefined(self, struct_name) :
for name in self._struct_name_list :
if name == struct_name :
return True
return False
def _StructDefine(self, struct_name, field_num) :
"""嵌套结构定义"""
self._col += 1
self._LayoutStructHead(struct_name)
self._IncreaseIndentation()
self._field_index_list.append(1)
while field_num > 0 :
self._FieldDefine(0)
field_num -= 1
self._field_index_list.pop()
self._DecreaseIndentation()
self._LayoutStructTail()
def _LayoutFileHeader(self) :
"""生成PB文件的描述信息"""
self._output.append("/**\n")
self._output.append("* @file: " + self._pb_file_name + "\n")
self._output.append("* @author: jameyli <jameyli AT tencent DOT com>\n")
self._output.append("* @brief: 这个文件是经过工具自动生成的，建议不要手动修改\n")
self._output.append("*/\n")
self._output.append("\n")
def _LayoutStructHead(self, struct_name) :
"""生成结构头"""
if not self._is_layout :
return
self._output.append("\n")
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + "message " + struct_name + "{\n")
def _LayoutStructTail(self) :
"""生成结构尾"""
if not self._is_layout :
return
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + "}\n")
self._output.append("\n")
def _LayoutComment(self, comment) :
# 改用C风格的注释，防止会有分行
if not self._is_layout :
return
if comment.count("\n") > 1 :
if comment[-1] != '\n':
comment = comment + "\n"
comment = comment.replace("\n", "\n" + " " * (self._indentation + TAP_BLANK_NUM),
comment.count("\n")-1 )
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + "/** " + comment + " "*self._indentation + "*/\n")
else :
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + "/** " + comment + " */\n")
def _LayoutOneField(self, field_rule, field_type, field_name) :
"""输出一行定义"""
if not self._is_layout :
return
if field_name.find('=') > 0 :
name_and_value = field_name.split('=')
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + field_rule + " " + field_type \
+ " " + str(name_and_value[0]).strip() + " = " + self._GetAndAddFieldIndex()\
+ " [default = " + str(name_and_value[1]).strip() + "]" + ";\n")
return
if (field_rule != "required" and field_rule != "optional") :
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + field_rule + " " + field_type \
+ " " + field_name + " = " + self._GetAndAddFieldIndex() + ";\n")
return
if field_type == "int32" or field_type == "int64"\
or field_type == "uint32" or field_type == "uint64"\
or field_type == "sint32" or field_type == "sint64"\
or field_type == "fixed32" or field_type == "fixed64"\
or field_type == "sfixed32" or field_type == "sfixed64" \
or field_type == "double" or field_type == "float" :
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + field_rule + " " + field_type \
+ " " + field_name + " = " + self._GetAndAddFieldIndex()\
+ " [default = 0]" + ";\n")
elif field_type == "string" or field_type == "bytes" :
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + field_rule + " " + field_type \
+ " " + field_name + " = " + self._GetAndAddFieldIndex()\
+ " [default = \"\"]" + ";\n")
else :
self._output.append(" "*self._indentation + field_rule + " " + field_type \
+ " " + field_name + " = " + self._GetAndAddFieldIndex() + ";\n")
return
def _IncreaseIndentation(self) :
"""增长缩进"""
self._indentation += TAP_BLANK_NUM
def _DecreaseIndentation(self) :
"""减小缩进"""
self._indentation -= TAP_BLANK_NUM
def _GetAndAddFieldIndex(self) :
"""得到字段的序号, 并将序号增长"""
index = str(self._field_index_list[- 1])
self._field_index_list[-1] += 1
return index
def _LayoutArray(self) :
"""输出数组定义"""
self._output.append("message " + self._sheet_name + "_ARRAY {\n")
self._output.append(" repeated " + self._sheet_name + " items = 1;\n}\n")
def _Write2File(self) :
"""输出到文件"""
pb_file = open(self._pb_file_name, "w+")
pb_file.writelines(self._output)
pb_file.close()
class DataParser:
"""解析excel的数据"""
def __init__(self, xls_file_path, sheet_name,cs="S"):
self._xls_file_path = xls_file_path
self._sheet_name = sheet_name
self._cs = cs
try :
self._workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self._xls_file_path)
except BaseException, e :
print "open xls file(%s) failed!"%(self._xls_file_path)
raise
try :
self._sheet =self._workbook.sheet_by_name(self._sheet_name)
except BaseException, e :
print "open sheet(%s) failed!"%(self._sheet_name)
raise
self._row_count = len(self._sheet.col_values(0))
self._col_count = len(self._sheet.row_values(0))
self._row = 0
self._col = 0
try:
self._module_name = "tnt_deploy_" + self._sheet_name.lower() + "_pb2"
sys.path.append(os.getcwd())
exec('from '+self._module_name + ' import *');
self._module = sys.modules[self._module_name]
except BaseException, e :
print "load module(%s) failed"%(self._module_name)
raise
def Parse(self) :
"""对外的接口:解析数据"""
LOG_INFO("begin parse, row_count = %d, col_count = %d", self._row_count, self._col_count)
item_array = getattr(self._module, self._sheet_name+'_ARRAY')()
# 先找到定义ID的列
id_col = 0
for id_col in range(0, self._col_count) :
info_id = str(self._sheet.cell_value(self._row, id_col)).strip()
if info_id == "" :
continue
else :
break
for self._row in range(4, self._row_count) :
# 若是 id 是 空 直接跳过改行
info_id = str(self._sheet.cell_value(self._row, id_col)).strip()
if info_id == "" :
LOG_WARN("%d is None", self._row)
continue
item = item_array.items.add()
self._ParseLine(item)
LOG_INFO("parse result:\n%s", item_array)
self._WriteReadableData2File(str(item_array))
data = item_array.SerializeToString()
self._WriteData2File(data)
#comment this line for test .by kevin at 2013年1月12日 17:23:35
LogHelp.close()
def _ParseLine(self, item) :
LOG_INFO("%d", self._row)
self._col = 0
while self._col < self._col_count :
self._ParseField(0, 0, item)
def _ParseField(self, max_repeated_num, repeated_num, item) :
field_cs = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_CS_ROW, self._col))
if field_cs.find(self._cs) < 0:
self._col +=1
return
field_rule = str(self._sheet.cell_value(0, self._col)).strip()
if field_rule == "required" or field_rule == "optional" :
field_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(2, self._col)).strip()
if field_name.find('=') > 0 :
name_and_value = field_name.split('=')
field_name = str(name_and_value[0]).strip()
field_type = str(self._sheet.cell_value(1, self._col)).strip()
LOG_INFO("%d|%d", self._row, self._col)
LOG_INFO("%s|%s|%s", field_rule, field_type, field_name)
if max_repeated_num == 0 :
field_value = self._GetFieldValue(field_type, self._row, self._col)
# 有value才设值
if field_value != None :
item.__setattr__(field_name, field_value)
self._col += 1
else :
if repeated_num == 0 :
if field_rule == "required" :
print "required but repeated_num = 0"
raise
else :
for col in range(self._col, self._col + repeated_num):
field_value = self._GetFieldValue(field_type, self._row, col)
# 有value才设值
if field_value != None :
item.__getattribute__(field_name).append(field_value)
self._col += max_repeated_num
elif field_rule == "repeated" :
# 2011-11-29 修改
# 若repeated第二行是类型定义，则表示当前字段是repeated，而且数据在单列用分好相隔
second_row = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_TYPE_ROW, self._col)).strip()
LOG_DEBUG("repeated|%s", second_row);
# exel有可能有小数点
if second_row.isdigit() or second_row.find(".") != -1 :
# 这里后面通常会是一个结构体
max_repeated_num = int(float(second_row))
read = self._sheet.cell_value(self._row, self._col)
repeated_num = 0 if read == "" else int(self._sheet.cell_value(self._row, self._col))
LOG_INFO("%s|%d|%d", field_rule, max_repeated_num, repeated_num)
if max_repeated_num == 0 :
print "max repeated num shouldn't be 0"
raise
if repeated_num > max_repeated_num :
repeated_num = max_repeated_num
self._col += 1
self._ParseField(max_repeated_num, repeated_num, item)
else :
# 通常是简单的单字段，数值用分号相隔
# 通常也只能是数字类型
field_type = second_row
field_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_NAME_ROW, self._col)).strip()
field_value_str = unicode(self._sheet.cell_value(self._row, self._col))
#field_value_str = unicode(self._sheet.cell_value(self._row, self._col)).strip()
# LOG_INFO("%d|%d|%s|%s|%s",
# self._row, self._col, field_rule, field_type, field_name, field_value_str)
#2013-01-24 jamey
#增长长度判断
if len(field_value_str) > 0:
if field_value_str.find(";\n") > 0 :
field_value_list = field_value_str.split(";\n")
else :
field_value_list = field_value_str.split(";")
for field_value in field_value_list :
if field_type == "bytes":
item.__getattribute__(field_name).append(field_value.encode("utf8"))
else:
item.__getattribute__(field_name).append(int(float(field_value)))
self._col += 1
elif field_rule == "required_struct" or field_rule == "optional_struct":
field_num = int(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_TYPE_ROW, self._col))
struct_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_NAME_ROW, self._col)).strip()
field_name = str(self._sheet.cell_value(FIELD_COMMENT_ROW, self._col)).strip()
LOG_INFO("%s|%d|%s|%s", field_rule, field_num, struct_name, field_name)
col_begin = self._col
# 至少循环一次
if max_repeated_num == 0 :
struct_item = item.__getattribute__(field_name)
self._ParseStruct(field_num, struct_item)
else :
if repeated_num == 0 :
if field_rule == "required_struct" :
print "required but repeated_num = 0"
raise
# 先读取再删除掉
struct_item = item.__getattribute__(field_name).add()
self._ParseStruct(field_num, struct_item)
item.__getattribute__(field_name).__delitem__(-1)
else :
for num in range(0, repeated_num):
struct_item = item.__getattribute__(field_name).add()
self._ParseStruct(field_num, struct_item)
col_end = self._col
max_repeated_num = 1 if (max_repeated_num == 0) else max_repeated_num
actual_repeated_num = 1 if (repeated_num==0) else repeated_num
self._col += (max_repeated_num - actual_repeated_num) * ((col_end-col_begin)/actual_repeated_num)
else :
self._col += 1
return
def _ParseStruct(self, field_num, struct_item) :
"""嵌套结构数据读取"""
# 跳过结构体定义
self._col += 1
while field_num > 0 :
self._ParseField(0, 0, struct_item)
field_num -= 1
def _GetFieldValue(self, field_type, row, col) :
"""将pb类型转换为python类型"""
field_value = self._sheet.cell_value(row, col)
LOG_INFO("%d|%d|%s", row, col, field_value)
try:
if field_type == "int32" or field_type == "int64"\
or field_type == "uint32" or field_type == "uint64"\
or field_type == "sint32" or field_type == "sint64"\
or field_type == "fixed32" or field_type == "fixed64"\
or field_type == "sfixed32" or field_type == "sfixed64" :
if len(str(field_value).strip()) <=0 :
return None
else :
return int(field_value)
elif field_type == "double" or field_type == "float" :
if len(str(field_value).strip()) <=0 :
return None
else :
return float(field_value)
elif field_type == "string" :
field_value = unicode(field_value)
if len(field_value) <= 0 :
return None
else :
return field_value
elif field_type == "bytes" :
field_value = unicode(field_value).encode('utf-8')
if len(field_value) <= 0 :
return None
else :
return field_value
else :
return None
except BaseException, e :
print "parse cell(%u, %u) error, please check it, maybe type is wrong."%(row, col)
raise
def _WriteData2File(self, data) :
file_name = "tnt_deploy_" + self._sheet_name.lower() + ".data"
file = open(file_name, 'wb+')
file.write(data)
file.close()
def _WriteReadableData2File(self, data) :
file_name = "tnt_deploy_" + self._sheet_name.lower() + ".txt"
file = open(file_name, 'wb+')
file.write(data)
file.close()
if __name__ == '__main__' :
"""入口"""
if len(sys.argv) < 3 :
print "Usage: %s sheet_name(should be upper) xls_file" %(sys.argv[0])
sys.exit(-1)
# option 0 生成proto和data 1 只生成proto 2 只生成data，
op = 0
if len(sys.argv) > 3 :
op = int(sys.argv[3])
sheet_name = sys.argv[1]
if (not sheet_name.isupper()):
print "sheet_name should be upper"
sys.exit(-2)
xls_file_path = sys.argv[2]
CS = "CS"
if len(sys.argv) > 4:
CS = sys.argv[4] #可指定须要导出的列C,S,CS
if op == 0 or op == 1:
try :
tool = SheetInterpreter(xls_file_path, sheet_name,CS)
tool.Interpreter()
except BaseException, e :
print "Interpreter Failed!!!"
print e
sys.exit(-3)
print "Interpreter Success!!!"
if op == 0 or op == 2:
try :
parser = DataParser(xls_file_path, sheet_name,CS)
parser.Parse()
except BaseException, e :
print "Parse Failed!!!"
print e
sys.exit(-4)
print "Parse Success!!!"
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