软件开发中,bug就像屡见不鲜同样。有了bug就须要修复,在Git中,因为分支是如此的强大,因此,每一个bug均可以经过一个新的临时分支来修复,修复后,合并分支,而后将临时分支删除。git
当你接到一个修复一个代号101的bug的任务时,很天然地,你想建立一个分支issue -101来修复它,可是,等等,当前正在dev上进行的工做尚未提交:app
$ git status # On branch dev # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) # # new file: hello.py # # Changes not staged for commit: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: readme.txt #
并非你不想提交,而是工做只进行到一半,还无法提交,预计完成还需1天时间。可是,必须在两个小时内修复该bug,怎么办?code
幸亏,Git还提供了一个stash功能,能够把当前工做现场“储藏”起来,等之后恢复现场后继续工做:开发
$ git stash Saved working directory and index state WIP on dev: 6224937 add merge HEAD is now at 6224937 add merge
如今,用git status查看工做区,就是干净的(除非有没有被Git管理的文件),所以能够放心地建立分支来修复bug。it
首先肯定要在哪一个分支上修复bug,假定须要在master分支上修复,就从master建立临时分支:io
$ git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 6 commits. $ git checkout -b issue-101 Switched to a new branch 'issue-101'
如今修复bug,须要把“Git is free software ...”改成“Git is a free software ...”,而后提交:ast
$ git add readme.txt $ git commit -m "fix bug 101" [issue-101 cc17032] fix bug 101 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
修复完成后,切换到master分支,并完成合并,最后删除issue-101分支:软件
$ git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits. $ git merge --no-ff -m "merged bug fix 101" issue-101 Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy. readme.txt | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) $ git branch -d issue-101 Deleted branch issue-101 (was cc17032).
太棒了,原计划两个小时的bug修复只花了5分钟!如今,是时候接着回到dev分支干活了!date
$ git checkout dev Switched to branch 'dev' $ git status # On branch dev nothing to commit (working directory clean)
工做区是干净的,刚才的工做现场存到哪去了?用git stash list命令看看:file
$ git stash list stash@{0}: WIP on dev: 6224937 add merge
工做现场还在,Git把stash内容存在某个地方了,可是须要恢复一下,有两个办法:
一是用git stash apply恢复,可是恢复后,stash内容并不删除,你须要用git stash drop来删除;
另外一种方式是用git stash pop,恢复的同时把stash内容也删了:
$ git stash pop # On branch dev # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage) # # new file: hello.py # # Changes not staged for commit: # (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed) # (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) # # modified: readme.txt # Dropped refs/stash@{0} (f624f8e5f082f2df2bed8a4e09c12fd2943bdd40)
再用git stash list查看,就看不到任何stash内容了:
$ git stash list
你能够屡次stash,恢复的时候,先用git stash list查看,而后恢复指定的stash,用命令:
$ git stash apply stash@{0}
修复bug时,咱们会经过建立新的bug分支进行修复,而后合并,最后删除;
当手头工做没有完成时,先把工做现场git stash一下,而后去修复bug,修复后,再git stash pop,回到工做现场。