Bug分支

软件开发中,bug就像屡见不鲜同样。有了bug就须要修复,在Git中,因为分支是如此的强大,因此,每一个bug均可以经过一个新的临时分支来修复,修复后,合并分支,而后将临时分支删除。git

当你接到一个修复一个代号101的bug的任务时,很天然地,你想建立一个分支issue -101来修复它,可是,等等,当前正在dev上进行的工做尚未提交:app

$ git status
# On branch dev
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   hello.py
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#       modified:   readme.txt
#

并非你不想提交,而是工做只进行到一半,还无法提交,预计完成还需1天时间。可是,必须在两个小时内修复该bug,怎么办?code

幸亏,Git还提供了一个stash功能,能够把当前工做现场“储藏”起来,等之后恢复现场后继续工做:开发

$ git stash
Saved working directory and index state WIP on dev: 6224937 add merge
HEAD is now at 6224937 add merge

如今,用git status查看工做区,就是干净的(除非有没有被Git管理的文件),所以能够放心地建立分支来修复bug。it

首先肯定要在哪一个分支上修复bug,假定须要在master分支上修复,就从master建立临时分支:io

$ git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 6 commits.
$ git checkout -b issue-101
Switched to a new branch 'issue-101'

如今修复bug,须要把“Git is free software ...”改成“Git is a free software ...”,而后提交:ast

$ git add readme.txt 
$ git commit -m "fix bug 101"
[issue-101 cc17032] fix bug 101
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

修复完成后,切换到master分支,并完成合并,最后删除issue-101分支:软件

$ git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 2 commits.
$ git merge --no-ff -m "merged bug fix 101" issue-101
Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
 readme.txt |    2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
$ git branch -d issue-101
Deleted branch issue-101 (was cc17032).

太棒了,原计划两个小时的bug修复只花了5分钟!如今,是时候接着回到dev分支干活了!date

$ git checkout dev
Switched to branch 'dev'
$ git status
# On branch dev
nothing to commit (working directory clean)

工做区是干净的,刚才的工做现场存到哪去了?用git stash list命令看看:file

$ git stash list
stash@{0}: WIP on dev: 6224937 add merge

工做现场还在,Git把stash内容存在某个地方了,可是须要恢复一下,有两个办法:

一是用git stash apply恢复,可是恢复后,stash内容并不删除,你须要用git stash drop来删除;

另外一种方式是用git stash pop,恢复的同时把stash内容也删了:

$ git stash pop
# On branch dev
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   hello.py
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#       modified:   readme.txt
#
Dropped refs/stash@{0} (f624f8e5f082f2df2bed8a4e09c12fd2943bdd40)

再用git stash list查看,就看不到任何stash内容了:

$ git stash list

你能够屡次stash,恢复的时候,先用git stash list查看,而后恢复指定的stash,用命令:

$ git stash apply stash@{0}

小结

修复bug时,咱们会经过建立新的bug分支进行修复,而后合并,最后删除;

当手头工做没有完成时,先把工做现场git stash一下,而后去修复bug,修复后,再git stash pop,回到工做现场。

相关文章
相关标签/搜索