使用到动态组件是由于我在作一个Table的控件,表格中有按钮等控件,并具备相应逻辑,同时项目中多处使用到该表格,故想提取一个可复用的控件以减小工做量。主要参考的文章是大神的修仙之路Angular 4.x 动态建立组件以及官方文档Dynamic Component Loader;html
这里主要简要记录一下我本身的理解。segmentfault
ng generate component test
import { TestComponent } from '.../test.component' import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common'; @NgModule({ imports: [ ... ], declarations: [ ..., TestComponent ], entryComponents: [TestComponent] })
*注意最后咱们用了一个entryComponent的命令,这是由于通常而言,angular编译器会根据代码自动生成全部组件的ComponentFactory,但对于动态插入的组件,其在父组件的代码中没有对于的模板选择器(eg:<test></test>),故为了能让编译器能生成动态组件的ComponentFactory,须要人手告诉angular去生成。浏览器
Generally, the Angular compiler generates a ComponentFactory for any component referenced in a template. However, there are no selector references in the templates for dynamically loaded components since they load at runtime.To ensure that the compiler still generates a factory, add dynamically loaded components to the NgModule's entryComponents array:app
*ComponentFactory代码定义以下,个人理解它是angular编译得出的js方法,交给浏览器运行,从而用来实际建立组件;ide
class ComponentFactory<C> { get selector: string get componentType: Type<any> get ngContentSelectors: string[] get inputs: {...} get outputs: {...} create(injector: Injector, projectableNodes?: any[][], rootSelectorOrNode?: string | any, ngModule?: NgModuleRef<any>): ComponentRef<C> }
*entryComponent则告诉angular编译器,在用户交互过程当中,须要动态生成某个组件,故命令angular生成该组件的ComponentFactory,以供后续组件的动态建立使用。
*导入CommonModule,是为了其后使用ngIf,ngFor,<ng-template>等指令。ui
... import { ViewContainerRef, AfterViewInit, ViewChild, ComponentFactoryResolver} from '@angular/core'; import { TestComponent } from '.../test.component' ... export class ParentComponent{ @ViewChild("Container", { read: ViewContainerRef }) vcRef: ViewContainerRef; constructor(private componentFactoryResolver: ComponentFactoryResolver) { } ... ngAfterViewInit() { let componentFactory = this.componentFactoryResolver.resolveComponentFactory(TestComponent); this.vcRef.clear(); let dynamicComponent = vcRef.createComponent(componentFactory); ... } }
<ng-template #Container></ng-template>
*ViewContainerRef 类型表明装载视图的容器类this
Represents a container where one or more Views can be attached
*ViewChild用于获取对应ViewContainerRef中的第一个元素或对应的ViewContainerRef实例code
You can use ViewChild to get the first element or the directive matching the selector from the view DOM. If the view DOM changes, and a new child matches the selector, the property will be updated.
*此处利用定义html锚点#container,当实例化ViewChild时,传入第一个参数为锚点名字“container”,第二个参数{read: <Type>}为查询条件,设置查询的类型,此处设置返回ViewContainerRef的实例;component
*componentFactoryResolver提供生成componentFactory的方法;htm
*因为ViewChild所进行的视图查询是在ngAfterViewInit前调用的,因此对vcRef的操做要在ngAfterViewInit后进行,不然vcRef是undefined,最后利用vcRef的createComponent方法,根据生成的componentFactory,可动态组件;
*对组件dynamicComponent的操做,可经过如下代码进行,例如,动态组件TestComponent中有@Input() Data,可经过.data进行赋值;
(<any>dynamicComponent.instance).data = "test";
至此,为我对动态组件的理解。利用动态组件的Table控件实现会整理进下一篇文章。