Mac平台使用vscode搭建Golang开发环境

本篇介绍Mac平台 使用visual studio code搭建golang开发环境以及debug环境的配置

1. brew安装golang

# 安装
brew install golang
# 查看是否安装成功
$ go version
go version go1.12.7 darwin/amd64
$ brew info go
go: stable 1.13.3 (bottled), HEAD
Open source programming language to build simple/reliable/efficient software
https://golang.org
/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.12.7 (9,816 files, 452.7MB) *
  Poured from bottle on 2019-07-16 at 22:22:49
From: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/go.rb
==> Requirements
Required: macOS >= 10.10 ✔
==> Options
--HEAD
    Install HEAD version

2. 配置Golang环境变量

GOROOT: 安装目录
GOPATH: 工做空间目录 (该目录不能和Go的安装目录同样，这个目录下面有三个子目录: src、bin、pkg)
Mac环境的环境变量设置在vim ~/.bash_profile，在文件尾部添加

export GOROOT="/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.12.7/libexec"
export GOPATH="${HOME}/Documents/go"
export PATH="${PATH}:${GOPATH}:${GOPATH}/bin"

设置完成后 执行source ~/.bash_profile生效
查看go env检查环境变量是否设置成功

$ go env
GOARCH="amd64"
GOBIN=""
GOCACHE="/Users/xxxx/Library/Caches/go-build"
GOEXE=""
GOFLAGS=""
GOHOSTARCH="amd64"
GOHOSTOS="darwin"
GOOS="darwin"
GOPATH="/Users/xxxx/Documents/work/go_work"
GOPROXY=""
GORACE=""
GOROOT="/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.12.7/libexec"
GOTMPDIR=""
GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.12.7/libexec/pkg/tool/darwin_amd64"
GCCGO="gccgo"
CC="clang"
CXX="clang++"
CGO_ENABLED="1"
GOMOD=""
CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_CPPFLAGS=""
CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2"
CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2"
PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config"
GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/var/folders/4t/rrdtjpp9487_6gf8mclrslpm0000gn/T/go-build714070253=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches -fno-common"

3. 安装vscode

• 官网下载安装:vscode 官网
• brew cask 安装:

# 安装:
brew cask install visual-studio-code
# 查看 vscode 信息:
-> % brew cask info visual-studio-code
visual-studio-code: 1.3.1,e6b4afa53e9c0f54edef1673de9001e9f0f547ae
Microsoft Visual Studio Code, VS Code
https://code.visualstudio.com/
Not installed
https://github.com/caskroom/homebrew-cask/blob/master/Casks/visual-studio-code.rb
==> Contents
  Visual Studio Code.app (app)
  /Applications/Visual Studio Code.app/Contents/Resources/app/bin/code (binary)

• vscode插件安装
  go: 开发
  vscode-icons: 颜值, 彩色文件,目录
  Material Theme Kit: 编辑器 UI 主题
  visual studio code settings sync: 同步 vscode 配置文件
  30个极大提升开发效率的VSCode插件

• 自定义vscode

  {
   "files.autoSave": "afterDelay",
   "editor.fontSize": 14,    // 以像素为单位控制字号。
   "terminal.external.osxExec": "iterm.app", // 自定义要在 OS X 上运行的终端应用程序
   "go.gopath": "/Users/xxxx/", // 我的的 GOPATH我的开发工做区
   "go.goroot": "/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.7.3/libexec", //GO安装目录
   "workbench.statusBar.visible": false
  }

4. 使用 vscode 自动安装 debug 必备的插件

因为网络缘由可能没法下载（没法上外网）的解决方案：

1. 进入cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/golang，若是没有请建立

2. 下载tools工具:

   git clone https://github.com/golang/tools.git tools

3. 将tools拷贝到 $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/tools

   cp -r $GOPATH/src/github.com/golang/tools $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/

4. 安装golang debug插件delve
   使用brew install go-delve/delve/delve 或 手动安装
   但实际中发现会出现错误，找不到安装包，不知如何解决，改手动安装

   Updating Homebrew...
   Error: No available formula with the name "go-delve/delve/delve"
   ==> Searching for a previously deleted formula (in the last month)...
   Warning: go-delve/delve is shallow clone. To get complete history run:
    git -C "$(brew --repo go-delve/delve)" fetch --unshallow
   
   Error: No previously deleted formula found.
   ==> Searching for similarly named formulae...
   Error: No similarly named formulae found.

   使用Xcode命令行工具安装

   xcode-select --install

   建立证书

   • 打开钥匙串访问；
   • 菜单栏中选择钥匙串访问-证书助理-建立证书开始建立自签名证书；
   • 证书名称设置为dlv；身份类型选择自签名根证书；证书类型选择代码签名，最后在让我覆盖这些默认值处打上勾，选择继续；
   • 有效期改长一些；
   • 而后一直日后，直到出现选择指定用于该证书的位置，选择钥匙串系统，而后选择建立；

   • 这样证书就建立好了。

     进入$GOPATH/src/github.com/derekparker，一样，若是没有请自行建立目录

     cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/derekparker
     git clone https://github.com/derekparker/delve.git
     cd delve
     # 安装
     CERT=dlv make install
     
     go get -u -v github.com/nsf/gocode
     go get -u -v github.com/rogpeppe/godef
     go get -u -v github.com/golang/lint/golint
     go get -u -v github.com/lukehoban/go-outline
     go get -u -v sourcegraph.com/sqs/goreturns
     go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/gorename
     go get -u -v github.com/tpng/gopkgs
     go get -u -v github.com/newhook/go-symbols
     go get -u -v golang.org/x/tools/cmd/guru