大咖专访：Bigbang公链创始人“一休”现场解决实际技术问题

问：区块链的真命题有哪些？

译：What are the true propositions for blockchain?

区块链的真命题啊，其实这个应该要从假命题开始说了，

译：The true propositions for blockchain, it is should start from false propositions.

其实区块链的假命题蛮多的，

译：Actually, there is so many false propositions for blockchain.

就是目前咱们所看到的无论说设立标准，仍是咱们所谓的各类链作的不少的尝试，其实基本上都算是假命题，

译：What we've seen so far is that no matter setting standards or trying of various chains, they’re basically false propositions.

那真命题的话，其实得要从区块链的特性开始讲，

译：As far the true propositions, it needs start from the true propositions of blockchain.

其实如今咱们所能想到的点就是，我刚刚也强调过一点也就是区块链的真命题，它必须数据是可被强证实的，

译：In fact, what we thinking about is the true proposition of blockchain, the data of it should be strongly proved.

那么另一点若是说数据是非强证实的话那么它还有哪些场景？

译：So the other point is if the data is not strongly proved what are the other scenarios for it?

那么我能够再举一个例子，数字的证券化，或者说是资产的证券化，其实这个算是一个比较好的方向，这个算是一个真命题，目前能够见到的。

译：Here is one other example, digital securitization, or securitization of assets, which is a better direction and is a true proposition for now.

另外第三个呢是做为支付，

译：The third one is the way of pay.

其实做为支付的是目前，包括以前政府也发表过一些声明，包括在深圳能够作一些支付的试点，其实这个也算是目前的一个真命题，

译： As for a payment way, the government has issued some statements before, including the project of payment in ShenZhen. In fact, this is also a true proposition at present.

由于这个在很早之前，在区块链出现的时候，出现比特币的时候，其实这个就已经证实了，

译：It has been proved before the blockchian and bitcoin comes up before long time ago.

其实这算是一个真命题，就是长久以来咱们拿它作为支付，也算是一个真命题，

译：It's the way that we've been paying for a long time, which is a true proposition and a sort of true proposition.

另一个就是第四个，政府强支援工程，这是一个什么样的方向呢，

译：The fourth one is the project supporting by government. What is the direction like?

举个例子啊，就是目前政府的一些外汇的一些外汇的拒接银行与政府的一些外汇的管制的这种状况，

译：For example, that is the situation that some of the foreign exchange denial Banks with some of the government's foreign exchange control.

包括如今央行出来的一条链，他们其实在对银行已经实施了这些链的帐本的共享,就是这个已经实现落地了，就是今年7月份已经正式的发布了，

译：Including the current chain by the central bank, which has implemented the sharing of the account books of these chains of Banks, which has been implemented and officially released in July this year.

已经在不少家银行之间进行了一个外汇，更加具备便利性的一种应用，给他们进行一个外汇的汇兑，

译：It has conducted a foreign exchange among many Banks, which is more convenient for them to conduct a foreign exchange.

是作这样一些应用场景，因此像政府的一些强应用场景的话也是属于区块链的一个真命题。大概是这四个方向。

译：It devote to create some scenarios, so some strong application scenarios like the government is also a true proposition of blockchain. It is the direction probably.

问：区块链的性能真的那么重要吗？如何充分利用区块链的性能？

译：Is blockchain performance really that important? How to take full advantage of blockchain performance?

区块链的性能说到这一点的话，我我的认为区块链的性能是比较重要的一点，

译：Speaking of the blockchain performance that I think it is relatively important.

由于如今你们认为的不重要，是由于没有找到足够的应用场景，

译：People don't think it's important right now, because there aren't enough scenarios.

没有足够的应用可以把这个TPS或者这个性能应用起来，

译：Have no enough application can fully use the TPS.

不就等同于说这个茅坑尚未被占，但真正的有这个需求，有所谓的上厕所的需求之后，这些坑才会被占掉，

译：It not means the chance still here. The people who find the chance and benefit from the chance that will be finish.

这个时候才能体现出来这个坑到底有没有用。就是这么个比喻。

译：We can find the value until people use the chance.

问：IPFS能解决什么问题？它有哪些缺点？

译：What problems can IPFS solve? What are its disadvantages?

说到IPFS这个问题的话，IPFS其实它本质上是一种技术的革新，

译：Speaking of IPFS which is an innovation of technology.

它目前看起来算是一个很好的方向，

译：It is a perfect direction so far.

可是咱们从正常的一个商业的角度或者从一个正常的使用逻辑上面来说的话，其实IPFS它有一个天生的缺陷，

译：But from a normal business point of view or from a normal usage logic, IPFS has an inherent flaw.

它虽说解决了咱们存储的一个中间化或者说是一个存储的过于昂贵，包括云服务的这种存储过于昂贵的问题，可是它一样会制造另外一个问题，让这些大量的廉价的存储会被浪费掉，

译：Although it solves the problem of an intermediation of our storage or expensive storage, including for expensive cloud services, it will make other issue that is wasting cheap storage.

因此它如今就存在一个很大的问题，就是在商业场景上面的设计的缺陷，

译：So it has a big issue that is design flaws in business scenarios.

它并无说是让那个存储的矿机也好，还有咱们的存储能力也好，可以获得很好的一个利用。这是一个很是大的一个设计的弊端。

译：It doesn't mean that the storage machine, and our storage capacity, can be put to good use. This is a big design flaws.

问：POC共识的存在有那些意义，是不是对IPFS的补充？

译：What does the POC consensus mean? Is it a supplement to IPFS?

POC共识的话，其实以前我也跟我业内的不少朋友探讨过，

译：I discussed about POC consensus with many friends in the industry before.

那POC共识到底有没有意义，不少人认为它是做为像POW同样，

译：If the POC consensus makes sense or not, many people think of it as POW.

我虽然是作的无用功，我虽说一样是把磁盘或者说把咱们的存储能力填满，

译：But I’m being ineffective. I'm filling the disks and the storage capacity.

其实它真正创造的价值没有，它是没有创造价值的，那么我把它比喻成，POW的一个升级。

译：In fact, it does not really create value. So I compare it be a upgrade of POW.

那么我我的认为呢，其实POW（POC）是一种没有意义的算法，

译：I think POW is an algorithm that doesn't make sense.

可能会变相的让咱们所谓的存储能力进一步的浪费，

译：It could be a further waste of what we called storage capacity.

甚至以一种非公平的方式来进行一种恶意的竞争，来哄抬存储能力的价格，

译：Even using an unfair way to engage in a vicious competition to bid up the price of storage capacity.

或者是让这个生态变成一种恶性的发展，有可能会往这个方向来发展，

译：Or turn the ecology into a vicious development that could go in this direction.

因此POC它并不算一个特别健康的生态，

译：Therefore, POC is not a healthy ecology.

因此说做为IPFS补充这一点的话，其实应该算是IPFS的补充，IPFS它自己就有一个问题就是咱们刚刚谈论的浪费掉大量的存储，

译：So as a complement of IPFS, and IPFS itself has a problem with that which we just mentioned wasting a lot of storage.

POC想到的这一点就是想填充它的空白，可是实际上这个填充的空白是否有意义，

译：The point of POC is to fill in its blanks, but whether make sense to fill in the blanks or not.

我我的认为是存在争议的，由于我举个简单的例子，

译：I think it's controversial, let me give you a simple example.

若是说我如今把POC的算力目前市场上标的一个T的存储能力它就是一美金，

译：The hashrate of the POC which the storage capacity of a T one the market is one dollar.

那么若是说是在一个真正的有存储应用的场景的时候，它的价值标的是0.85或者0.9美金，

译：If there is a real scenario, the value of underlying is 0.85 or 0.9 dollar.

那么这个用户就会进行选择，那究竟是我在POC来进行，给它共享存储能力呢，仍是给我这个实际上有意义的，好比说是有存储价值的这样一个平台来提供一个存储服务，

译：Then, the user will make a choice. What I use it in the POC that give it the shared storage capability, or give me a platform that actually makes sense, like a platform that has storage value, to provide a storage service.

其实这是一个很大的问题，就是若是说这边有人恶意炒做价格的话，就会致使真正有意义的存储是进不来的，

译：In fact, this is a big issue. If someone here maliciously hyped the price, it would lead to a really meaningful storage is not to enter.

因此说我说的存在一个恶意的竞争，

译：That’s why I said is a vicious competition.

因此POC反过来它其实并非一个比较健康的生态，是这么个意思。

译：So the POC is not a healthy ecology on the contrary, that’s my point.

问：用户的问题是以太坊智能合约中有三种数据存储，若是把状态变量存储在内存中，那么以太坊的每个节点应该都有一份相同的数据，那黑客利用技术手段可否拿到内存中的哪些数据呢？

译：The question of user is that there are three kinds of data storage in ethereum smart contract. If the state variable is stored in memory, then every node in ethereum should have the same data. And what kind of data does a hacker technically could access to?

其实从这个角度来说的话，咱们如今要知道以太坊它的那个智能合约运行的机制，

译：In fact, from this point of view, we need to know how ethereum's smart contract works.

它其实内部是一个虚拟机，是一个黑盒，

译：It's a virtual machine inside, it's a black box.

首先你若是想要拿到它所谓的那个智能合约的内存的数据的话，首先你得要攻破它的虚拟机，

译：If you want to get the memory data from the smart contract. At first you have to break into its virtual machine.

你先要知道它沙盒的运行机制，那么这是一个很大的问题，

译：You need to know how the sandbox works, that's a big problem.

就算你拿到这个数据，那又如何，你能改掉一个节点，它若是说好比如今以太坊的一个节点，

译：Even if you get this data, so what, you can change a node. It’s like a node in ethereum.

我举个简单的例子啊，它是5000个节点，那么你获得一个节点的数据你把它改掉，或者说你获取到的数据，实际上是没有任何意义的，

译：For example, it's 5,000 nodes, if you get data from one node and change it, or the data that you get doesn't really make any sense.

由于这个自己链上的数据的话，你就能够在这个节点的查询包括Transaction

译：Because of the data on the chain itself, you can query Transaction on this node.

你是能够查询到它的数据包的，那你为何还要去所谓的内存里面获取这个数据呢，

译：You can query its data package, so why do you go to the memory to get this data?

这个是没有任何须要性的，因此它原本这个状态就是公开的，

译：It is no necessary. So the status is already public.

你为何还要去获取它的内存，这是没有什么做用的，就算你把它改掉，就算你攻击了它的虚拟机那也是没有任何意义的。

译：It doesn't make any sense that you get its memory, even if you change it or attack its virtual machine.

问：如何利用哈希值作棋牌发牌的随机种子？

译：How to use the hash value to make the random seed of the card deal?

其实这个算是目前比较难的一个问题吧，

译：This is a hard issue for now.

以前有一个朋友还作过所谓的真随机数的一个算法的一个实验，

译：A friend of mine did an experiment with an algorithm called true random Numbers.

他想利用在它本身的链上面，若是说你想经过以太坊的智能合约来作这个事情的话，基本上不太可行，

译：He wants to leverage on its own chain, and if you want to do that through ethereum's smart contract, which is basically impossible.

可是的话你能够模拟，但模拟是一个什么方式呢，

译：You can simulate, but what is simulation？

就举个简单的例子，好比说你整个的棋牌游戏，好比说这个扑克牌，

译：For example，the board games like poker,

其实那个扑克那么你有多少的序列的组合，那么你有这个组合的序列的话，

译：In fact, how many combinations of sequences do you have for poker? 

你有一个所谓的区间值，你能够在这个区间的集合里面随机取一个段，那么随机取一个段或者一个排列组合的话，你能够经过好比说某个哈希值的取余或者取模，

译：You have an interval value that you can chose a random segment from the set of intervals. You can do that by hash value.

经过这种方式来获得一个随机的组合的一个区间的某一个位置，

译：In this way to get a random combination of a certain position in an interval.

那你获得这个位置之后你会对应的映射到，好比说某一个牌的排列组合上面，那么这也是一种方案，

译：When you get this position, you could map it to a particular combination of CARDS, that's a scheme.

一样的你也能够经过它的哈希这一串哈希的话，经过好比说两个或者三个的取集中的字符串，

译：You can go through the hash value, and taking two or three strings from the set.

好比说123,234,456,789，这种方式来取，那么你把你须要的这些段取出来，

译：you can via the way, such as 123,234,456,789，then you can get the segment.

你能够把它公示出来，那么你到底取模或者你取的这个数值究竟是从哪一个区间在哪一个地方开始取的

译：You can public it, where you take the modulus and the date?

由于将来的话在下一个block ID或者说是哈希，谁都不知道这个ID是多少，由于它是随机的，

译：Nobody knows what the ID is in the future, because it's random.

因此说你能够在任何一个时候，公布这个算法来获取这个哈希值，

译：So you can get the hash value by public this algorithm at any time.

你能够在其中的某一段来进行截取，你只要公开这个算法，这个方案就是能够被证实的，这个是彻底没有问题的。

译：You can intercept it in any segments, if you expose the algorithm. The solution is provable, and there's no problem.

问：5G技术和量子计算机技术会对区块链技术有多大的影响？

译：How much influence will 5G and quantum computing have on blockchain?

我我的认为呢5G技术会对区块链是一个加速，

译：I think the 5G will accelerate the blockchain.

由于目前毕竟5G尚未正式的被大规模的应用，

译：After all, 5G has not yet been formally applied on a large scale.

那谁也不知道这个5G应用到底可以给咱们的区块链带来什么，

译：And nobody knows what the in influence 5G will bring to the blockchain.

虽说理论上你们可能知道低延时啊，高速率，

译：Theoretically speaking, it is probably know low latency, high speed by everyone.

那么，其实在整个区块链这个行业里面看来，低延迟和高速率对区块链其实并无太多实质性的影响，

译：In fact, low latency and high speed do not have much substantial impact on blockchain industry.

除非你有一个低延迟或者说是低延迟的这种场景须要这种高速率采集的场景，

译：Unless you have a low latency or low latency scenario that requires this kind of high rate acquisition.

那么必定会是好比说跟互联网或者说是跟某一些那个大数据的场景相结合，

译：It would be a combination like the Internet or some big data scenario.

那么可能会是对区块链会有积极地推进，由于它不会造成一个倒退，由于这是一个技术的发展，

译：It's probably going to be a positive push for blockchain, it will not be a setback, because it's a technological development.

那还有一个是量子计算机，说到量子计算机的问题，

译：There's the quantum computer, and when it comes to quantum computers.

其实我我的认为量子计算机的出现会对PDC或者SSR这种加密的算法会形成影响的话，

译：In fact, I personally think that if the emergence of quantum computers will have an impact on encryption algorithms such as PDC or SSR.

第一个担忧的其实不该该是区块链行业，应该是银行，

译：The first concern should not be the blockchain industry, but the Banks.

因此说无论量子计算机是否出现，而后量子计算机是否对区块链形成影响，

译：So whether quantum computers exist or not, and then whether quantum computers affect blockchain or not.

那么，一样的若是说它真的对区块链形成的影响或者对咱们所谓的加密学的一些领域形成的危险，

译：If it is really going to have an impact on blockchain or a danger to some area of cryptography.

那么咱们必定会出来一种新的加密算法，新的所谓的抗量子的冲击的一些算法出现，

译：Then we will come up with a new encryption algorithm, some of which are quantum-proof.

那么必定会有与之抗衡的方法出现，那么咱们也不用过于担忧，

译： There must be a way to counter it, and we don't have to worry about it.

在出现以前，必定会被某些组织按在地里面，直到咱们把安全问题解决为止，确定是这样。

译：It's going to be suppressed by some organization until we figure out the security problem, that's sure.本文来自于链客社区www.liankexing.com