[刘阳Java]_步步窥探JS变量做用域

今天的这个文章题目名称甚是让人会突发异想。JS变量做用域是务必须要搞懂的,单从面试过程就会让面试者烧脑袋。因此,咱们仍是写一篇关于JS变量做用域的技术专题,让全部小伙伴可以借此文章去整理JS的基础学习。说不定不少人会比我理解这方面基础知识有更好地看法javascript

黄金守则第一条: JS没有块级做用域(你能够本身闭包或其余方法实现)只有函数级做用域,函数外面的变量函数里面能够找到,函数里面的变量外面找不到html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
	var a = 10;
	function m01() {
		alert(a);
	}
	function m02() { // 尝试经过m02方法去改变变量a的值
		var a = 20;
		m01();
	}
	m02();
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

  

黄金守则第一条原理:由于在方法m02里面定义变量a是局部变量,它不会影响最外面的var a = 10; 的值java

黄金守则第二条:在函数里面定义变量 var a = b = 10; 其实a是局部变量,b是全局变量。此程序的坑实在是难以让程序员们接受程序员

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
	function m01() {
		var a = b = 10;	
	}
	m01();
	// alert(a); 运行这段代码就报错; Uncaught ReferenceError: a is not defined
	alert(b);
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

黄金守则第三条:变量的查找是就近原则,去寻找var定义的变量,当就近没有找到的时候就去查找外层。面试

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
  	var a = 10;
	function m01() {
		alert(a);
		var a = 20;
	}
	m01();
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

==============================================================闭包

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
  	var a = 10;
	function m01() {
		alert(a);
		a = 20;
	}
	m01();
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

======================================================函数

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
  	var a = 10;
	function m01() {
		m02();
		alert(a);
		function m02() {
			var a = 20;
		}
	}
	m01();
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

这段代码有些意思,为何会输出10。由于,在alert(a)的时候,bbb函数中的a确实为20 ,但是它对于这时的alert(a)这句话来讲是局部的,alert(a)根本找不到bbb函数中的a,因此在aaa函数中它找不到a,因而乎去外面找,一找,就找到了10学习

黄金守则第四条:当参数跟局部变量重名时,优先级是等同的。spa

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<html lang="en">
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  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
  	var a = 10;
	function m01(a) {
		a += 3;
	}
	m01(a);
	alert(a);
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

=============================================================3d

参数是基本类型,只传了值进去,下面的传个引用类型

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
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  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
  	var a = [1,2,3];
	function m01(a) {
		a = [1,2,3,4];
	}
	m01(a);
	alert(a);
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

==========================================================

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
 <head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="Generator" content="EditPlus®">
  <meta name="Author" content="">
  <meta name="Keywords" content="">
  <meta name="Description" content="">
  <title>Document</title>
  <script>
  	var a = [1,2,3];
	function m01(a) {
		a.push(4);
	}
	m01(a);
	alert(a);
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 </body>
</html>

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