yum仓库就是使用yum命令下载软件的镜像地址。java
咱们一般使用 yum install
命令来在线安装 linux系统的软件, 这种方式能够自动处理依赖性关系,而且一次安装全部依赖的软体包,可是常常会遇到从国外镜像下载速度慢,没法下载的状况。那么此时咱们就须要把咱们的yum 源改成国内的镜像。linux
yum的配置文件
yum 的配置文件在 /etc/yum.repos.d
目录下, 其中有多个配置文件,每个配置文件中均可以配置一个或多个repository
, 可是最终会被合并为一个交给系统,因此多个文件只是为了方便管理。web
下面提供了 清华大学 和 阿里 两个镜像仓库配置操做说明,实际使用时,选择其中一个配置便可,推荐使用清华大学的shell
地址: https://mirrors.cnnic.cn/
vim
点击 ?
进入帮助说明页面 https://mirrors.cnnic.cn/help/centos/。centos
页面提供了 CentOS5
,CentOS6
、CentOS7
的镜像仓库配置,下面列出的是CentOS7
的配置。缓存
(1)、首先备份 CentOS-Base.repoless
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
(2)、以后启用 TUNA 软件仓库, 将清华大学镜像仓库信息
写入 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
curl
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
将 CentOS-Base.repo 中的内容 更新为 下面的内容:svg
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
(3)、清除缓存
yum clean all # 清除系统全部的yum缓存 yum makecache # 生成yum缓存
进入阿里镜像仓库网站 https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror/ (好像后来就访问不到了,不稳定,但镜像地址还能用)
找到centos,点击右边的 帮助
,看到阿里镜像仓库给出的yum的配置说明。
根据官网的说明,咱们详细说说每步骤的意思。
(1)、备份,将 CentOS-Base.repo
为CentOS-Base.repo.backup
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
(2)、下载新的 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
,并命名为CentOS-Base.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
(3)、清除缓存
yum clean all # 清除系统全部的yum缓存 yum makecache # 生成yum缓存
(1)、查看可用的epel源
[java@localhost yum.repos.d]$ yum list | grep epel-release epel-release.noarch 7-11 extras [java@localhost yum.repos.d]$
(2)、安装 epel
[java@localhost yum.repos.d]$ yum install -y epel-release ......省略.....
(3)、配置阿里镜像提供的epel源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
(4)、清除缓存
yum clean all # 清除系统全部的yum缓存 yum makecache # 生成yum缓存
查看全部的yum源:
yum repolist all
查看可用的yum源:
yum repolist enabled