Solr Installation and Configuration

时间 2019-11-09

标签 solr installation configuration 繁體版

原文原文链接

Introduction

Download Solr： http://lucene.apache.org/solr/html

因为OSchina的缘由，图片展现成缩略图，如看不清楚的话，请选中相应图片在新标签页进行打开查看。java

例如：Solr (Version：solr-6.2.0) directory content as follows：web

bin：Solr命令，提供core、cloud等支持。
docs：Help documentations。
example：Solr example
server： Solr configuration。

Solr自带jetty支持，便可直接经过bin/solr start运行Solr服务。但通常把Solr集成到Tomcat中运行。数据库

Use tomcat run Solr

Requirements

Download Tomcat ：http://tomcat.apache.org/ apache

Download Java JDK：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.htmltomcat

Download Solr：http://lucene.apache.org/solr/oracle

This tutorial uses the tool version follows：app

Tomcat version：apache-tomcat-8.0.37webapp

Solr Version：solr-5.4.1ide

Java JDK verison：1.7

Configuration Steps

Copy solr-5.4.1\server\solr-webapp\webapp to apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps，将webapp改名为solr；
Copy solr-5.4.1\server\lib\ext(all *.jar) to apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\WEB-INF\lib；
mkdir apache-tomcat-7.0.37\webapps\solr\WEB-INF\classes；
Copy solr-5.4.1\server\resources\log4j.properties to apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\WEB-INF\classes
Configuration Solr Home，Copy D:\Environment\solr-5.4.1\server\solr to apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr，将拷贝的solr目录名称改名为solrhome(名称不固定，方便理解便可)

Open apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\WEB-INF\web.xml

<!-- People who want to hardcode their "Solr Home" directly into the
       WAR File can set the JNDI property here...
   -->
<!--
    <env-entry>
       <env-entry-name>solr/home</env-entry-name>
       <env-entry-value>/put/your/solr/home/here</env-entry-value>
       <env-entry-type>java.lang.String</env-entry-type>
    </env-entry>
-->

将注释去掉，在<env-entry-value>中填写solr home的path。例如：

<env-entry>
       <env-entry-name>solr/home</env-entry-name>
       <env-entry-value>D:\Environment\apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\solrhome</env-entry-value>
       <env-entry-type>java.lang.String</env-entry-type>
</env-entry>

7. Run tomcat，access url：http://solr_server_ip:port/sor/admin.html

Configuration Core

Solr Core 的基础配置文件存放在solr-5.4.1\server\solr\configsets：

basic_configs为基础core的配置，data_driven_shcema_configs是数据库链接的配置。复制相应的Core配置内容，更改相应的参数便可使用。

Create Basic Core

1. 在Tomcat的 Solr home 中，Create a new folder named cat；

2. 在apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\solrhome\cat中，Create a new folder named data;

3. Copy solr-5.4.1\server\solr\configsets\basic_configs\conf to apache-tomcat-7.0.37\webapps\solr\solrhome，as follows：

4. core.properties

name=cat  //此处为新建core的名称

经过Solr 控制台新增Core，但前提是要建立Core文件夹，conf(配置文件夹)、data(索引存储文件夹)、schema.xml(模式配置)和solrconfig.xml(索引配置)，注意图上灰色文字。

5. Restart Sorl

Configuring IKAnalyzer 分词器

Install IKAnalyzer

1. Download Solr对应版本的IKAnalyzer分词器包(前提是修改过内容从新编译的)。

Share IKAnalyzer.jar 通过测试适用于Solr 5.X：连接: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dFgFA4x 密码: qjyz

IKAnalyzer content as follows：

2. Copy IKAnalyzer2012FF_u2.jar to apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\WEB-INF\lib；

3. Copy IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml stopword.dic to apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\WEB-INF\classes；

4. Open apache-tomcat-8.0.37\webapps\solr\solrhome\cat\conf\schema.xml

<!-- Defined Field -->
<field name="name" type="text_ik" indexed="true" stored="true" />

<!-- Defined FieldType IK Analyzer--> 
<fieldType name="text_ik" class="solr.TextField">
         <analyzer type="index" class="org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKAnalyzer" useSmart="false"/>
         <analyzer type="query" class="org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKAnalyzer" useSmart="true"/>
</fieldType>

<fieldType name="text_ik" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
    <analyzer type="index">
        <tokenizer class="org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKTokenizerFactory" useSmart="false" />
    </analyzer>
    <analyzer type="query">
        <tokenizer class="org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKTokenizerFactory" useSmart="true" />
    </analyzer>
</fieldType>

配置index(索引)和query(查询)使用的分词器。

useSmart="false" 使用细粒度分词，useSmart="true" 使用智能分词。

5. Run Solr，Access url：http://solr_server_ip:port/sor/admin.html，选择配置的core，点击Analysis，如图：

默认采用最细粒度分词。正常显示，则IK分词器配置成功。

IK Analyzer经过配置IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml 文件来扩充用户本身的词典以及中止词字典（过滤词典），只需把IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml、stopword.dic(中止词典)、ext.dic(用户词典) 文件放入classes目录下面。

IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml content as follows：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">  
<properties>  
	<comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment>
	<!--用户能够在这里配置本身的扩展字典 -->
	<entry key="ext_dict">ext.dic;</entry> 
	
	<!--用户能够在这里配置本身的扩展中止词字典-->
	<entry key="ext_stopwords">stopword.dic;</entry> 
	
</properties>

ext.dic content as follow：

飞机
大炮
机枪
熊猫

Install IKAnalyzer Error

分词器与Solr版本不匹配出现过如下问题：

Tomcat 7 选择IK的分词器类型进行分析的时候提示：

Tomcat 8 选择IK的分词器类型进行分析的时候提示：

after 2seconds as follows

以上图片展现，彻底看不出是什么缘由致使的问题，具体缘由需查看Tomcat\log\日志文件。

Tomcat log as follows：

12-Sep-2016 14:37:42.152 SEVERE [http-nio-8080-exec-2] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Servlet.service() for servlet [default] in context with path [/solr] threw exception [Filter execution threw an exception] with root cause
 java.lang.AbstractMethodError
	at org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer.tokenStream(Analyzer.java:179)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.AnalysisRequestHandlerBase.analyzeValue(AnalysisRequestHandlerBase.java:91)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.FieldAnalysisRequestHandler.analyzeValues(FieldAnalysisRequestHandler.java:221)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.FieldAnalysisRequestHandler.handleAnalysisRequest(FieldAnalysisRequestHandler.java:190)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.FieldAnalysisRequestHandler.doAnalysis(FieldAnalysisRequestHandler.java:102)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.AnalysisRequestHandlerBase.handleRequestBody(AnalysisRequestHandlerBase.java:63)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.RequestHandlerBase.handleRequest(RequestHandlerBase.java:143)
	at org.apache.solr.core.SolrCore.execute(SolrCore.java:2068)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.HttpSolrCall.execute(HttpSolrCall.java:672)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.HttpSolrCall.call(HttpSolrCall.java:463)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:215)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:179)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:528)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1100)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:687)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1520)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1476)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Solr与IK版本若是直接不匹配，启动时会直接出现如下错误：

12-Sep-2016 15:35:49.648 SEVERE [http-apr-8080-exec-3] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Servlet.service() for servlet [default] in context with path [/solr] threw exception [Filter execution threw an exception] with root cause
 java.lang.VerifyError: class org.wltea.analyzer.lucene.IKAnalyzer overrides final method tokenStream.(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/io/Reader;)Lorg/apache/lucene/analysis/TokenStream;
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
	at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:2560)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:859)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1302)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:412)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:412)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
	at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
	at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:274)
	at org.apache.solr.core.SolrResourceLoader.findClass(SolrResourceLoader.java:543)
	at org.apache.solr.core.SolrResourceLoader.findClass(SolrResourceLoader.java:490)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.readAnalyzer(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:271)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:96)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:54)
	at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:153)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.readSchema(IndexSchema.java:471)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.<init>(IndexSchema.java:160)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.create(IndexSchemaFactory.java:56)
	at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.buildIndexSchema(IndexSchemaFactory.java:70)
	at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.createIndexSchema(ConfigSetService.java:109)
	at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.getConfig(ConfigSetService.java:80)
	at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.create(CoreContainer.java:744)
	at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.create(CoreContainer.java:720)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.admin.CoreAdminHandler.handleCreateAction(CoreAdminHandler.java:623)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.admin.CoreAdminHandler.handleRequestInternal(CoreAdminHandler.java:204)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.admin.CoreAdminHandler.handleRequestBody(CoreAdminHandler.java:184)
	at org.apache.solr.handler.RequestHandlerBase.handleRequest(RequestHandlerBase.java:156)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.HttpSolrCall.handleAdminRequest(HttpSolrCall.java:664)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.HttpSolrCall.call(HttpSolrCall.java:438)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:223)
	at org.apache.solr.servlet.SolrDispatchFilter.doFilter(SolrDispatchFilter.java:181)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:528)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1100)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:687)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2508)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2497)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

注意：出现以上错误信息或者类似图片时，请尝试更换IK的版本，IK下载后实际上是从新修改过class内容从新打包才能使用，具体内容下篇介绍，由于IK于2012年中止更新，因此从GoogleCode直接下载后的IK是不可直接使用的，须要在网上找已经从新编译好的IK.jar。