所谓虚拟主机,在 Web 服务里就是一个独立的网站站点,这个站点对应独立的域名(也多是IP 或端口),具备独立的程序及资源,能够独立地对外提供服务供用户访问。html
在 Nginx 中,使用一个 server{} 标签来标识一个虚拟主机,一个 Web 服务里能够有多个虚拟主机标签对,便可以同时支持多个虚拟主机站点。前端
虚拟主机有三种类型:基于域名的虚拟主机、基于端口的虚拟主机、基于 IP 的虚拟主机。nginx
域名的虚拟主机是生产环境中最经常使用的。vim
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.abc.com;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.abc.com;
location / {
root html/bbs;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.abc.com;
location / {
root html/blog;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
}
规范化 Nginx 配置文件,将每一个虚拟主机配置成单独的文件,放在统一目录中(如:vhosts)服务器
建立vhosts目录app
[root@localhost conf]# mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts
编辑 nginx.conf 主配置文件负载均衡
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include vhosts/*.conf;
}
建立每一个虚拟主机配置文件:curl
[root@localhost conf]# vim vhosts/www.abc.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.abc.com;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root@localhost conf]# vim vhosts/bbs.abc.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.abc.com;
location / {
root html/bbs;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root@localhost conf]# vim vhosts/blog.abc.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.abc.com;
location / {
root html/blog;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root@localhost html]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@localhost html]# for n in www bbs blog
> do
> mkdir ${n}
> echo "http://${n}.abc.com" > ${n}/index.html
> done
echo "127.0.0.1 www.abc.com bbs.abc.com blog.abc.com" >> /etc/hosts
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@localhost html]# curl http://www.abc.com
http://www.abc.com
[root@localhost html]# curl http://blog.abc.com
http://blog.abc.com
[root@localhost html]# curl http://bbs.abc.com
http://bbs.abc.com
基于端口的虚拟主机生产环境很少见,只须要修改主机监听端口就能够了,域名相同也能够,由于基于端口的虚拟主机就是他经过端口来惟一分区不通的虚拟主机的,只要端口不一样就是不一样的虚拟主机。测试
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.abc.com;
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 81;
server_name www.abc.com;
location / {
root html/bbs;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 82;
server_name www.abc.com;
location / {
root html/blog;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
}
[root@localhost html]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@localhost html]# for n in 80 81 82
> do
> mkdir ${n}
> echo "http://www.abc.com:${n}" > ${n}/index.html
> done
echo "127.0.0.1 www.abc.com" >> /etc/hosts
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@localhost html]# curl http://www.abc.com:80
http://www.abc.com:80
[root@localhost html]# curl http://www.abc.com:81
http://www.abc.com:81
[root@localhost html]# curl http://www.abc.com:82
http://www.abc.com:82
基于 IP 的虚拟主机在生产环境中不常使用,只须要将基于域名的虚拟主机中的域名修改成 IP 就能够了,前提是服务器有多个IP地址。若是须要不一样的 IP 对应不一样的服务,可在网站前端的负载均衡器上配置。网站
虚拟主机别名,就是为虚拟主机设置除了主域名之外的一个或多个域名名字,这样就能实现用户访问的多个域名对应同一个虚拟主机网站的功能。
[root@localhost conf]# cat vhosts/www.abc.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.abc.com abc.com; # 这里设置abc.com做为别名
location / {
root html/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}