安卓基础之BroadcastReceiver

时间 2019-12-08

原文原文链接

1、静态广播注册

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @BindView(R.id.btn_send)
    Button mBtnSend;
    @BindView(R.id.btn_unregister)
    Button mBtnUnregister;
    @BindView(R.id.btn_register)
    Button mBtnRegister;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);
    }

    @OnClick({R.id.btn_send})
    public void onViewClicked(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.btn_send:
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                //注意setAction与AndroidManifest中的action对应
                intent.setAction("com.toly1994.aii_broadcastreceiver.StaticBR");
                intent.putExtra("msg" , "张风捷特烈");
                sendBroadcast(intent);
                break;
        }
    }
}

静态注册广播接受者:StaticBR.java

/**
 * 做者：张风捷特烈
 * 时间：2018/4/14:16:22
 * 邮箱：1981462002@qq.com
 * 说明：静态注册广播接受者
 */
public class StaticBR extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
        ToastUtil.show(context, msg + "\n第一个简单广播建立成功！");
    }
}

静态注册：app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

<receiver android:name=".StaticBR">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.toly1994.aii_broadcastreceiver.MyBroadcastReceiver"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

经测试，Android8.0没法收到静态广播，Android7.0能够法收到静态广播
静态注册一大好处是能够跨程序使用，A程序中的BroadcastReceiver能够在B程序中使用

Android8.0静态广播解决方案:intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(包全名,类全名))

intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.toly1994.aii_broadcastreceiver",
                        "com.toly1994.aii_broadcastreceiver.StaticBR"));

2、动态注册

在未注册以前，点击发送无效果，在注册后点击发送有效果，在注销以后点击无效果。
点击的三个核心代码见下。

注册方法：

IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("com.toly1994.aii_broadcastreceiver.register");
mReceiver = new StaticBR();
registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

发送方法：

Intent intent = new Intent();
//注意setAction与AndroidManifest中的action对应
intent.setAction("com.toly1994.aii_broadcastreceiver.register");
intent.putExtra("msg", "张风捷特烈");
sendBroadcast(intent);

注销方法：

if (mReceiver != null) {
    unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
    mReceiver = null;
}

附录：布局文件：activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="发送广播"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_unregister"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="注销广播"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_register"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        android:text="注册广播"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

3、安卓基础之BroadcastReceiver有序广播

先讲个场景小故事:
从前，有个小男孩捡到一颗漂亮的石头，他想去卖，价格1元。
男孩(Boy)大喊:"我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖1元"，一个石匠买了这个石头。
石匠(Stonemason)大喊:"我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖1000元。"一个雕刻家买了这个石头。
雕刻家(Graver)大喊:"我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖10w元。"一个宝石家买了这个石头。
宝石家(RubyMan)大喊:"我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖1000w元。"收藏家买了这个石头。
收藏家(Collector)不喊了，静静地收藏起来。男孩用一元买了一个棒棒糖，开心地吃着。故事结束。

按照这个顺序，只要某我的不喊了，任何一个环节均可以被打断，而致使石头的价格出现差别。这就是有序广播的做用。

1.男孩广播接收者：BR1_Boy.java

public class BR1_Boy extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取到发送广播携带的数据
        String content = getResultData();
        //[2]展现到Toast上
        Toast.makeText(context, "男孩:" + content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//        [2.1]终止广播
//        abortBroadcast();
        //[3]传递数据
        setResultData("我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖1000元");
    }
}

2.石匠广播接收者：BR2_Stonemason.java

public class BR2_Stonemason extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取到发送广播携带的数据
        String content = getResultData();
        //[2]展现到Toast上
        Toast.makeText(context, "石匠:" + content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//        [2.1]终止广播
//        abortBroadcast();
        //[3]传递数据
        setResultData("我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖10W元");
    }
}

3.雕刻家广播接收者：BR3_Graver.java

public class BR3_Graver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取到发送广播携带的数据
        String content = getResultData();
        //[2]展现到Toast上
        Toast.makeText(context, "雕刻家:" + content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//        [2.1]终止广播
//        abortBroadcast();
        //[3]传递数据
        setResultData("我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖1000W元");
    }
}

4.宝石家广播接收者：BR4_RubyMan.java

public class BR4_RubyMan extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取到发送广播携带的数据
        String content = getResultData();
        //[2]展现到Toast上
        Toast.makeText(context, "宝石家:" + content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//        [2.1]终止广播
//        abortBroadcast();
        //[3]传递数据
        setResultData("我有一个漂亮的石头，价值1000W元");
    }
}

5.收藏家广播接收者：BR5_Collector.java

/**
 * 最终的receiver 不须要再清单文件里面配置
 */
public class BR5_Collector extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String content = getResultData();
        Toast.makeText(context, "收藏家：" + content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
}

6.记得注册：app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

<receiver android:name=".stone.BR1_Boy"></receiver>
<receiver android:name=".stone.BR2_Stonemason"></receiver>
<receiver android:name=".stone.BR3_Graver"></receiver>
<receiver android:name=".stone.BR4_RubyMan"></receiver>

7.StoneStoryActivity.java

public class StoneStoryActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @BindView(R.id.id_btn_send)
    Button mIdBtnSend;
    @BindView(R.id.id_btn_reg)
    Button mIdBtnReg;
    private BR1_Boy mBr1_boy;
    private BR2_Stonemason mBr2_stonemason;
    private BR3_Graver mBr3_graver;
    private BR4_RubyMan mBr4_rubyMan;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_story);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);
    }

    @OnClick({R.id.id_btn_send, R.id.id_btn_reg})
    public void onViewClicked(View view) {
        switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.id_btn_send:
                Intent intent_order = new Intent();
                intent_order.setAction("www.toly1994.com");
                sendOrderedBroadcast(intent_order, null,
                        new BR5_Collector(), null, 1, 
                        "我有一个漂亮的石头，只卖1元", null);
                break;
            case R.id.id_btn_reg://动态注册全部
                IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
                filter.addAction("www.toly1994.com");
                mBr1_boy = new BR1_Boy();
                mBr2_stonemason = new BR2_Stonemason();
                mBr3_graver = new BR3_Graver();
                mBr4_rubyMan = new BR4_RubyMan();
                registerReceiver(mBr1_boy, filter);
                registerReceiver(mBr2_stonemason, filter);
                registerReceiver(mBr3_graver, filter);
                registerReceiver(mBr4_rubyMan, filter);
                break;
        }
    }
}

8.若是石匠截断，不喊了，直接卖给收藏家

public class BR2_Stonemason extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取到发送广播携带的数据
        String content = getResultData();
        //[2]展现到Toast上
        Toast.makeText(context, "石匠:" + content, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//        [2.1]终止广播
        abortBroadcast();
        //[3]传递数据
        setResultData("我有一个漂亮的石头，价值1000元");
    }
}

附录、activity_story.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".StoneStoryActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/id_btn_send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:text="发送广播"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/id_btn_reg"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:text="注册全部广播"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/id_btn_send"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/id_btn_send"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/id_btn_send"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="1.0"/>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

4、BroadcastReceiver实现锁、开屏、短信监听

1.按电源键，屏幕锁屏，再按电源键屏幕打开。在Activity开启时注册广播用来监听屏幕的关闭，Activity关闭时移除广播。
2.这里只能在该Activity中监听，退出后BroadcastReceiver被注销，后面将会结合Service加强应用范围
3.后面也会结合传感器进行摇晃开屏，暗环境锁屏功能
4.短信监听，能够当收到短信时处理，好比提醒、备份、上传网络、删除、自动回复等

1：InnerActivity.java

public class InnerActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ScreenReceiver mScreenReceiver;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_gary);
        ButterKnife.bind(this);
        regist();
    }

    /**
     * 动态的去注册屏幕解锁和锁屏的广播
     */
    private void regist() {
        // [1]动态的去注册屏幕解锁和锁屏的广播
        mScreenReceiver = new ScreenReceiver();
        // [2]建立intent-filter对象
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        // [3]添加要注册的action
        filter.addAction("android.intent.action.SCREEN_OFF");
        filter.addAction("android.intent.action.SCREEN_ON");
        // [4]注册广播接收者
        registerReceiver(mScreenReceiver, filter);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        //当activity销毁的时候  取消注册广播接收者
        unregisterReceiver(mScreenReceiver);
    }
}

2：广播接收者:ScreenReceiver.java

public class ScreenReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static final String TAG = "ScreenReceiver";

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取到当前广播的事件类型
        String action = intent.getAction();
        //[2]对当前广播事件类型作一个判断
        if ("android.intent.action.SCREEN_OFF".equals(action)) {
            Log.i(TAG, "屏幕锁屏了");
        } else if ("android.intent.action.SCREEN_ON".equals(action)) {
            Log.i(TAG, "屏幕解锁了");
        }
    }
}

短信监听

一、InnerActivity#regist

//注册短信广播接收者
IntentFilter smsFilter = new IntentFilter();
smsFilter.addAction("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED");
mSmsReceiver = new SmsReceiver();
registerReceiver(mSmsReceiver, smsFilter);

二、InnerActivity#onDestroy

unregisterReceiver(mSmsReceiver);//注销短信广播接收者

三、短信广播接收者：SmsReceiver.java

public class SmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    //当短信到来的时候 就会执行这个方法
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        //[1]获取发短信送的号码  和内容
        Object[] objects = (Object[]) intent.getExtras().get("pdus");
        for (Object pdu : objects) {
            //[2]获取smsmessage实例
            SmsMessage smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdu);
            //[3]获取发送短信的内容
            String body = smsMessage.getMessageBody();
            Date date = new Date(smsMessage.getTimestampMillis());//时间
            SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
            //[4]获取发送者
            String address = smsMessage.getOriginatingAddress();
            String receiveTime = format.format(date);
            Log.e("SmsReceiver", "body:" + body + "---" + address+"---"+receiveTime);
        }
    }
}

四、添加权限

<!--添加权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"></uses-permission>

五、安卓5.1,实验结果以下：(6.0以上注意动态权限)

E/SmsReceiver: body:hello---+8613167727310---2018-08-24 21:50:13

后记、

1.声明：

1.本文由张风捷特烈原创,转载请注明
2.欢迎广大编程爱好者共同交流
3.我的能力有限，若有不正之处欢迎你们批评指证，一定虚心改正
4.看到这里，感谢你的喜欢与支持

2.链接传送门：

3.联系我

QQ:1981462002 邮箱：1981462002@qq.com 微信：zdl1994328