原文来自公众号【C you again】,若需下载完整源码,请在公众号后台回复“ssh”。html
本期文章详细讲解了SSH(Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate)框架的搭建过程,语言简洁、通俗易懂,适合初级程序员阅读。在开始教程以前,先来了解SSH框架的基本概念:java
在文章《手把手教你搭建SSM框架(Eclipse版)》中已经对Spring、SpringMVC作了详细介绍,这里只对Hibernate作介绍。mysql
Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架,它对JDBC进行了很是轻量级的对象封装,它将Pojo与数据库表创建映射关系,是一个全自动的ORM框架。程序员
Hibernate能够自动生成SQL语句,自动执行,使得Java程序员能够为所欲为的使用面向对象编程思想来操纵数据库。web
Hibernate能够应用在任何使用JDBC的场合,既能够在Java的客户端程序使用,也能够在Servlet/JSP的Web应用中使用。spring
看完以上概念,咱们就正式开始今天的教程了。制做不易,多多转发分享哦!!sql
在开发工具中:数据库
File-->New-->Project-->Dynamic Web Projectapache
输入项目名称(本教程项目名:sshDemo),最后点击Finish便可。编程
为使得项目符合MVC开发规范,咱们须要在src下新建controller、service、entity几个包和resources目录。完成后目录结构以下图:
本期教程用最原始的方法手动导入项目所需Jar包。手动导入会存在Jar包版本冲突等不少问题,建议直接下载使用。在公众号【C you again】后台回复“Jar”自行下载,若不能正常下载,请在后台私信。
将下载好的Jar包复制到WebContent-->WEB-INF-->lib文件夹下,而后选中全部Jar包-->鼠标右击-->Build Path-->Add to Build Path。
完成以上基本步骤后,接下来就是SSH整合的关键步骤了。
首先在项目的WebContent-->WEB-INF下的web.xml文件中加入如下配置,若是没有web.xml文件就须要本身新建一个。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>test.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 加载spring容器 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:application.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 解决post乱码 --> <filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
完成web.xml的配置后,在前面建好的resources文件夹下新建application.xml,具体解释看文件内部。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.cya"/> <!-- 引入配置文件 --> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <value>classpath*:dbconfig.properties</value> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置数据库链接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <property name="minIdle" value="5" /> </bean> <!-- spring与hibernate整合 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- hibernate配置信息 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> </props> </property> <property name="configLocations"> <list> <value> classpath*:hibernate.cfg.xml</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置hibernateTemplate(可将Hibernate 的持久层访问模板化) --> <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- 事务管理 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!--支持事务注解的(@Transactional)--> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> </beans>
接着在resources文件夹下新建springmvc.xml,代码以下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 自动装配 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.cya.controller" /> <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!--视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--前缀--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/> <!--后缀--> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <!-- 文件上传 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <!-- 默认编码 --> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/> <!-- 文件大小最大值 --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"/> <!-- 内存中的最大值 --> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/> </bean> </beans>
同上面的步骤,继续在resources文件夹下新建hibernate.cfg.xml、dbconfig.properties、log4j.properties三个文件。
hibernate.cfg.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- 设置映射的xml文件 --> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
dbconfig.properties文件:
#database connection config jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false jdbc.username = root jdbc.password = root #hibernate config hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect hibernate.show_sql = true hibernate.format_sql = true hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update
log4j.properties文件:
# Set root logger level to error log4j.rootLogger=INFO, Console, File ###### Console appender definition ####### # All outputs currently set to be a ConsoleAppender. log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %-5p [%c{3}] %m%n #log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %-5p [%c] %m%n ###### File appender definition ####### log4j.appender.File=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.File.File=spring.log log4j.appender.File.Append=false log4j.appender.File.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %-5p [%c] %m%n
至此,全部的整合步骤已经完成了,最后的目录结构以下所示,接下来就是设计测试用例了。
完成上述步骤后,接下来就测试下整合是否成功吧!
在src-->com.cya.entity下建立Person.java实体类
package com.cya.entity; public class Person { private int id; private String name; private int age; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } }
在resources下新建mapping目录,用来保存全部的数据库映射文件。mapping目录下建立映射文件:Person.hbm.xml,具体配置以下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.cya.entity.Person" table="t_person"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer" column="p_id" > <generator class="increment"></generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String" column="p_name"></property> <property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer" column="p_age"></property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
修改hibernate.cfg.xml,添加配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- 设置映射的xml文件 --> <mapping resource="mapping/Person.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
修改完成后启动web项目,待项目启动成功之后刷新test数据库,咱们发现已经建立好了名为t_person的数据表。
在WebContent文件夹下新建test.jsp。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>测试SSH整合</title> </head> <body> <h3> <a href="addPerson">添加并查看Person信息</a> </h3> </body> </html>
在src-->com.cya.service下建立IPersonService.java接口。
package com.cya.service; import java.util.List; import com.cya.entity.Person; public interface IPersonService { public boolean addPerson(Person person); public List<Person> getPerson(String sql); }
在src下新建com.cya.service.impl包,并建立PersonServiceImpl.java类实现IPersonService.java接口中的getPerson()和addPerson()两个方法。
package com.cya.service.impl; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.cya.entity.Person; import com.cya.service.IPersonService; @Service public class PersonServiceImpl implements IPersonService{ @Resource(name="hibernateTemplate") private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate; @Override public boolean addPerson(Person person) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub boolean result=true; try { hibernateTemplate.save(person); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception result=false; } return result; } @Override public List<Person> getPerson(String sql) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return (List<Person>) hibernateTemplate.find(sql); } }
在src-->com.cya.controller包下新建class,这里取名为Test.java,去调用PersonServiceImpl.java中的方法。
package com.cya.controller; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.cya.entity.Person; import com.cya.service.IPersonService; @Controller @ResponseBody public class Test { @Resource private IPersonService personServiceImpl; @RequestMapping("addPerson") public List<Person> getPerson() { Person person=new Person(); person.setAge(15); person.setName("test"); boolean status=personServiceImpl.addPerson(person); if(status)return personServiceImpl.getPerson("from com.cya.entity.Person"); else return null; } }
最后检查代码,启动服务,在浏览器地址栏输入:http://localhost:8080/sshDemo/test.jsp查看效果。
下载项目所需Jar包请在公众号【C you again】回复“Jar”。
下载完整项目源码请在公众号【C you again】回复“ssh”。
本期分享就到这里,因本人技术有限,文章不免会出现一些错误,欢迎指正。创做不易,你们多多转发点赞,感谢。