首发于http://www.linux-ch.com/post-11.htmlphp
花了几天的时间,完成了近500台服务器,多个节点的nagios监控布署.经过nagios可清晰地看到整个监控网络的拓扑,主机状态,服务状态等状况.但在这里我不会贴出真实网络的任何信息,由于这会产生不少不良影响.但会给出我在实际生产过程当中使用的量产工具(也就是为了避免多打键盘而弄的shell).
系统环境: centos5.5 x86_64
web: apache+php (yum 安装)
nagios: nagios 3.2.1
nagios-plugins: 1.4.15
没有涉及远程主机监控,因此没弄nrpe模块.
由于nagios的页面是要利用cgi生成的,得先让apache支持cgi才行,只要在httpd.conf后面添加下面的内容,不过你自定了nagios的安装路径,那就得以实际为准了
先让apache支持cgi
将下面这行前的#号去掉
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
添加目录
scriptalias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "nagios access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "nagios access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
下面就准备安装nagios了
先为nagios添加一个运行账号,并将apache的运行账号添加到nagios组里面,要否则没法使用页面管理主机
useradd -r -d /usr/local/nagios -s /sbin/nologin nagios
usermod -G nagios apache
解包编译安装
# tar -xvf nagios-3.2.1.tar.gz
# cd nagios-3.2.1
# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
# make all
# make install
# make install-init
# make install-commandmode
# make install-config
# chkconfig --add nagios
到此,nagios已经安装到/usr/local/nagios/,但没有plugin,它什么也干不了,接下来还得编译plugin
# tar -xvf nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.15
# ./confingure
# make
# make install
plugins已经所有放到了/usr/local/nagios/libexec,安装过程已经结束了
默认是能够直接启动nagios,它将监控本机,但这并非我要的结果,因此要修改下配置文件
首先修改nagios.cfg,在/usr/local/nagios/etc下面,只对修改的做一个说明
注析掉下面一行,由于它是对本的监控,不必.改为
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
#主机组配置文件
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroup.cfg
若是要使用一个新的配置文件,在些文件中指定就好了.但它还提供了另外一个功能:cfg_dir.指定这个参数后,程序会在目录下搜索全部以cfg结尾的文件.如何使用就看你的具体状况,我在实际中就是新那两个文件夹,一个是用来存放host信息,别一个是存放server信息,其它的是在nagios.cfg中指定.
主机配置文件夹
cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/cfg
修改cgi.cfg,这个应该是账号受权了
authorized_for_system_information=motu
authorized_for_configuration_information=motu
authorized_for_system_commands=motu
authorized_for_all_services=motu
authorized_for_all_hosts=motu
authorized_for_all_service_commands=motu
authorized_for_all_host_commands=motu
修改etc/objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name motu
use generic-contact
alias Nagios Admin
email flyskyst@163.com
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name sagroup
alias Nagios Administrators
members motu
}
生成受权文件
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd motu
下面就要批量生成监控主机的信息了.为此须要一些shell,还有一些配置文件的模板.还有一个很是重要的就是ip列表,并且是要作好分类的,具体是看你的实际状况,这个是前期一个准备工做,很重要也很乏味.我这里的是分两类:服务器的位置和节点.分好类后就能够利用shell批量生成配置文档了,这又须要模板,以下:
host.temp
-----------------------------
define host{
host_name
alias
address
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 5
check_period 24x7
contact_groups sagroup
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,u,r
}
services.temp
define service{
host_name
service_description check_tcp 80
check_command check_tcp!80
max_check_attempts 5
check_interval 5
retry_interval 3
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 10
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
contact_groups sagroup
}
#!/bin/bash
echo "input hostgroup name:"
read hostgroup
for address in $(cat ip.txt)
do
sed -e /host_name/{s/$/$address/} -e /alias/{s/$/$address/} -e /address/{s/$/$address/} host.temp > /usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts/$address.cfg
sed -e /host_name/{s/$/$address/} services.temp > /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/$address.cfg
done
members=$(sed ':a N;$!b a;s/\n/\,/g' ip.txt)
echo "define hostgroup{" >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/host.cfg
echo " hostgroup_name $hostgroup" >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroup.cfg
echo " alias $hostgroup" >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroup.cfg
echo " members $members" >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroup.cfg
echo " }" >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroup.cfg
exit 0
把上面三个文件放在同一目录下,而后将ip列表存入同一目录下的ip.txt文件里就能够了html
接下来将要定义整个网络拓扑中的父子关系,报警设置等,将在下次更新linux