学习笔记之Linux / Shell

shell（计算机壳层）_百度百科

• http://baike.baidu.com/subview/849/15831672.htm

Shell (computing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(computing)

iSeries QSHELL - Wikipedia

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISeries_QSHELL
• According to IBM, QSHELL is a “UNIX-like” interface built over OS/400. The commands you issue point to programs in a “QSHELL” library. To use QSHELL, key STRQSH or QSH on an iSeries command line.
• PASE is a “real” UNIX—it is actually AIX. It looks similar to QSHELL, but doesn’t have some of the limitations built into QSHELL. To use PASE, CALL QP2TERM.

AIX_百度百科 

• http://baike.baidu.com/view/349664.htm
• AIX（Advanced Interactive eXecutive）是IBM基于AT&T Unix System V开发的一套类UNIX操做系统，运行在IBM专有的Power系列芯片设计的小型机硬件系统之上。

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面试总结之Linux/Shell - 浩然119 - 博客园

• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-norgfudl-md.html

学习笔记之Linux开发(C语言) - 浩然119 - 博客园

• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-gujgrqcp-md.html

介绍 Linux 文件系统

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Hb2W4Dm4fhHOgnX6vUUVGQ

Linux桌面进化史

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Pyyb_hHZJOlylplrmG8uWg
• https://opensource.com/article/19/8/how-linux-desktop-grown

命令行的艺术

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/eiTABcqQ3QwCiCpeEHBszg
• https://github.com/jlevy/the-art-of-command-line/blob/master/README-zh.md

Unix 激荡 50 年：驱动 Android、iOS 的操做系统是如何从失败开始的?

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/9QSsGC8UCtShexD1uQ1Tzg
• https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/08/unix-at-50-it-starts-with-a-mainframe-a-gator-and-three-dedicated-researchers/

进程调度，一个调度器的自白

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/7-NcjLghdnRr01mFTeehhg

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【ZZ】Linux经常使用指令 - 浩然119 - 博客园

• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-frifyzzk-md.html

Linux经常使用命令全称 - 程序员大咖

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/AMnlM75hAMdrSCURZ4QarQ
• https://www.cnblogs.com/wangcp-2014/p/6539035.html

176条DevOps人员经常使用的linux命令速查表 - 程序员大咖

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/iQBmEzsGxAx4FJq0SBH6Gg

97条 Linux 经常使用命令总结 - 机器学习算法与Python学习

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/RK_bqt5ihi3jAn9-i1qKtg
• https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/36093355

图解 Linux 经常使用命令

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/NbwSQOj2fwyYDPFvqtazcA
• https://blog.csdn.net/xulong_08/article/details/81463054

如何查看Linux系统的状态信息？

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/7KptRZpIoquQlwVT2jw-6w

解放你的双手，一个命令帮你减负 - Linux学习

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/EA3MbENrq8jfj0bD40ITNw

如何用 Linux 技巧大大提升工做效率？ - CSDN

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wZ7tqB8EDEduQE-2gtUdFA

工做中经常使用到的Linux命令

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/tuy46Lqf6gDY7QiWsCH5pQ

Linux最经常使用命令

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rpNxF0iD8fGZd8r-lnIdUA
• https://blog.csdn.net/xulong_08/article/details/81463054

Linux 实用指令大全

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VTCoiglKNQKHEKQ_M8drCg
• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-mpqwpueb-hz.html

『一网打尽』 Bash 经常使用命令

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/uWDli1O5u73GCx0MpsGcWg

从命令行同时移动多种文件类型的小技巧

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/6UGkNTFj67PeCHPohlRZXQ

软件测试工程师的 Linux 十大场景命令使用

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/5uFRLtz-fDfUqNRdUr6gUQ

一个录制并回放Linux终端会话的命令

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/OoQ0Dftsq5S3wJQvpa18FQ
• https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2019-04/157926.htm

3 种在Linux命令行查看图像的方法

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ew1Mu4MgBkOk1fWPzm-gow

为什么killall有时找不到你的进程？killall是干什么的？

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/6roIBVFSJKxgLLFea6OATg

Linux下如何拆分大的日志文件？

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_Yin-MQvYxNDcID6JKUpGQ

几个命令了解ELF文件的“秘密”

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3I7ev0U8EGTHwkSfAOLpHQ

为何执行本身的程序要在前面加./

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/LdHHVsK9UsQ1mNLgA1pdSw

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vim三种模式下的小技巧 - Linux学习

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/XgKK9kyuaBwF8x4caBULYQ

谁说 Vim 很差用？送你一个五彩斑斓的编辑器！

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/v9rOPfjIblA9hZoEJIhunw

Coding效率提高，15张 Vim 速查表奉上！

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4xWoN-vujzGLYBYG0jcbJw

8个技巧让Vim菜鸟变专家

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/KrBwSk_UgyZLivcXAMS2xQ

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学习笔记之Shell脚本的输出重定向 - 浩然119 - 博客园

• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-tteuhrum-md.html

学习笔记之Linux Shell脚本教程：30分钟玩转Shell脚本编程 - 浩然119 - 博客园

• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-xqzayoik-md.html

编写可靠Linux shell脚本的八个建议

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/NNYuIfzEoitXKnHteJwj_A

Linux Shell的18条经常使用命令整理 - Linux学习

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mNSXpKzMpMcP3V6Rf6Nzcg

10 个实战与面试【经常使用 Shell 脚本】编写

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xuC_pH1X_GmyK0vVWrBzWQ
• https://blog.51cto.com/lizhenliang/1929044

Linux Shell 基础 -- 总结几种括号、引号的用法

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/nM3P7iVIygrwEEhkjDdH4Q
• http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-nplwmvbt-md.html

一份Linux shell“圣经”收好

• https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/juul4YWoWCBzNpQWMdP4wg
• https://github.com/dylanaraps/pure-bash-bible

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经常使用命令

Linux 命令大全 | 菜鸟教程

• http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-command-manual.html

bash - enter bash command line from virtual environment (e.g. conda)

bg - Runs jobs in the background

• https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-bg-command-examples-usage-syntax/

cat 文件名 输出文件内容到基本输出（ 屏幕 or 加>fileName 到另外一个文件）

• cat filename.sh
• linux - How does "cat << EOF" work in bash? - Stack Overflow
  • https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2500436/how-does-cat-eof-work-in-bash/2500451

cb 格式化 源代码

cd 进入目录

chmod //change mode，改变文件的权限

• chmod +x test.sh
  • set test.sh to be executable

clear - clear the terminal screen

cp copy

date 当前的时间和日期

du 查看磁盘空间情况

echo 显示指定文本

echo $abc 在 变量赋值以后，只需在变量前面加一个$去引用.

find - Linux find命令用来在指定目录下查找文件。

• http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-find.html
• 系统总结一波Linux下find命令
  • https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/e-cRvtQIumo7YgddrdoXBw
• 3 Ways to Find a File in Linux - wikiHow
  
  • https://www.wikihow.com/Find-a-File-in-Linux
  • find . -iname 'filename'
  • search on the current directory and subdirectories, and ignore the case of query

grep - search text

• http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-grep.html
• grep -rnw ~/mydir/ -e 'test'
• grep -irnw ~/mydir/test.log -e '.*error' -A3 -B3

hostname

• Function: Get or set hostname or DNS domain name
• Syntax: hostname [-v] [-a] [--alias] [-d] [--domain] [-f] [--fqdn] [-A] [--all-fqdns] [-i] [--ip-address] [-I] [--all-ip-addresses] [--long] [-s] [--short] [-y] [--yp] [--nis]

htop -u my_username

• check what process is running by a user
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Htop
• https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-list-processes-by-user-names-euid-and-ruid/

less

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Less_(Unix)
• less is a terminal pagerprogram on Unix, Windows, and Unix-like systems used to view (but not change) the contents of a text file one screen at a time. It is similar to more, but has the extended capability of allowing both forward and backward navigation through the file. Unlike most Unix text editors/viewers, less does not need to read the entire file before starting, resulting in faster load times with large files.

lint 语法检查程序

ln

• http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-comm-ln.html
• ln -s my_file.txt my_link.txt
  • creating a symbolic link named my_link.txt to a file named my_file.txt

ls dir

• ls -l my_link.txt
  • verify the symlink

man help

mkdir 建立目录

• unix - mkdir's "-p" option - Stack Overflow
  • https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22737933/mkdirs-p-option
  • -p, --parents
    • no error if existing, make parent directories as needed

more 显示文件

more type

mv 改文件名 /移动文件

• Linux and Unix mv command tutorial with examples | George Ornbo
  • https://shapeshed.com/unix-mv/#how-to-move-a-directory
    

ps 查看当前进程情况

pushd and popd

• pushd and popd - Wikipedia
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pushd_and_popd
  • In computing, pushd and popd are commands used to work with the command line directory stack.
• Linux pushd and popd Command Tutorial for Beginners (3 Examples)
  • https://www.howtoforge.com/linux-pushd-popd-command/#q-how-to-check-directory-stack
    

pwd 显示目录路径命令

rm  删除文件

rm -rf 删除非空文件夹

rmdir 删除目录

who 你的用户名和终端类型

定义 变量 name=abc? (bash/pdksh) || set name = abc (tcsh)

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How to extract .tar.gz Files ?

• $ tar xvzf file.tar.gz
• $ tar xvzf file.tar.gz -C /path/to/somedirectory
• How To Extract .tar.gz Files using Linux Command Line - Interserver Tips
  • https://www.interserver.net/tips/kb/extract-tar-gz-files-using-linux-command-line/

How to view the contents of tar.gz file without extracting it ?

• $ tar -tf filename.tar.gz
• How can I view the contents of tar.gz file without extracting from the command-line? - Ask Ubuntu
  • https://askubuntu.com/questions/392885/how-can-i-view-the-contents-of-tar-gz-file-without-extracting-from-the-command-l

How to hide and view hidden files / directories ?

• $ mv file .file
• $ ls -al
• $ ll -a
• An Easy Way to Hide Files and Directories in Linux
  • https://www.tecmint.com/hide-files-and-directories-in-linux/
  • To hide a file or directory from the terminal, simply append a dot . at the start of its name

How to view system environment variables ?

• $ env

How to add and view path environment variable ?

• $ export PATH=~/folder/:${PATH}
• $ echo $PATH

How to add and use alias ?

• $ alias test=~/bin/test
• $ test

How to find and kill process ?

• $ ps ax | grep python
  • 11111 pts/9 Tl 0:08 python ...
• $ kill -9 11111
• Kill Process in Linux or Terminate a Process in UNIX / Linux Systems - nixCraft
  • https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/kill-process-in-linux-or-terminate-a-process-in-unix-or-linux-systems/

How to reverse-i-search back to search commands in history ?

• Ctrl + r

How to check memory usage ?

• $ free -m (display in MB)
• $ top
• $ htop
• 5 commands to check memory usage on Linux – BinaryTides
  • https://www.binarytides.com/linux-command-check-memory-usage/