1. self.timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:self selector:@selector(timerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];复制代码
2. self.timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:self selector:@selector(timerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
[[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:self.timer forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
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这两个方法是等价的,区别是第一个方法默认建立了一个NSTimer并自动添加到了当前线程的Runloop中去,第二个须要咱们手动添加。若是当前线程是主线程的话,某些UI事件,好比UIScrollView的拖拽操做,会将Runloop切换成UITrackingRunLoopMode,这时候,默认的NSDefaultRunLoopMode模式中注册的事件是不会被执行的。因此为了设置一个不会被UI干扰的Timer,咱们须要手动将timer的当前RunloopMode设置为NSRunLoopCommonModes,这个模式等效于NSDefaultRunLoopMode和UITrackingRunLoopMode的结合。html
上面的使用方法是没问题的,可是你们在使用过程当中必定遇到过因使用了NSTimer,致使所在的UIViewController内存泄漏的问题,这种缘由是怎么出现的呢?
其中许多人都认为是UIViewController和NSTimer循环引用的问题,彼此强引用,致使了彼此没法释放,那么问题真的是这样吗?
验证以下:bash
NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:self selector:@selector(timerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
[[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
//结果:将NSTimer设置成局部变量,你会发现二者仍释放不了。复制代码
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:weakSelf selector:@selector(timerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
[[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
//结果:二者仍然没法释放。复制代码
若是咱们将target强制释放,强制破坏循环引用呢?app
TimerAction *Test = [TimerAction new];
NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:Test selector:@selector(test) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
[[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
CFRelease((__bridge CFTypeRef)(Test));
//结果:Test顺利释放,但Timer仍在运行。而且在Timer触发事件时崩溃复制代码
在timer创建后面断点,查看运行的时候内存图oop
结果:其实只有timer单向的指向target,target并未指向timer,是由于timer运行的时候释放不了,致使被强引用的target也没法释放。并不是循环引用致使不释放。ui
通常呢解决NSTimer的内存泄漏问题,一般有两种方法,第一种是找对合适的时机释放NSTimer,一般人们会想到两个调用时机。
-(void)dealloc
{
[self.timer invalidate];
}
//NSTimer,一般人们会想到两个调用时机。
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-(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
[super viewWillDisappear:animated];
[self.timer invalidate];
}
//这种状况是能够解决循环引用的问题,内存能够释放,可是又会引来新的问题,当导航控制器push到下一个页面时,当前VC并无被释放,这时候咱们可能并不想销毁NSTimer,咱们一般但愿VC该销毁的时候,同时销毁NSTimer,因此调用invalidate方法的时机很难找复制代码
那么就是第二种了,想办法破除强引用,让NSTimer和VC同生共死,这种方法呢也有两种方式
1.使用block的方式:atom
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
typedef void(^JSTimerBlcok)(NSTimer *timer);
@interface NSTimer (Category)
+ (NSTimer *)js_scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:(NSTimeInterval)timeInterval executeBlock:(JSTimerBlcok)block repeats:(BOOL)repeats;
@end
#import "NSTimer+Category.h"
@implementation NSTimer (Category)
+(NSTimer *)js_scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:(NSTimeInterval)timeInterval executeBlock:(JSTimerBlcok)block repeats:(BOOL)repeats
{
NSTimer *timer = [self scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:timeInterval target:self selector:@selector(js_executeTimer:) userInfo:[block copy] repeats:repeats];
return timer;
}
+(void)js_executeTimer:(NSTimer *)timer
{
JSTimerBlcok block = timer.userInfo;
if (block) {
block(timer);
}
}
@end
使用案例: - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self; self.timer = [NSTimer js_scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 executeBlock:^(NSTimer *timer){ __strong typeof(weakSelf) strongSelf = weakSelf; [strongSelf timerFired:timer]; } repeats:YES]; }复制代码
2.使用NSProxy来初始化一个子类,这里咱们直接用YYWeakProcyspa
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface YYWeakProxy : NSProxy
@property (nullable, nonatomic, weak, readonly) id target;
- (instancetype)initWithTarget:(id)target;
+ (instancetype)proxyWithTarget:(id)target;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
#import "YYWeakProxy.h"
@implementation YYWeakProxy
- (instancetype)initWithTarget:(id)target {
_target = target;
return self;
}
+ (instancetype)proxyWithTarget:(id)target {
return [[YYWeakProxy alloc] initWithTarget:target];
}
- (id)forwardingTargetForSelector:(SEL)selector {
return _target;
}
- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)invocation {
void *null = NULL;
[invocation setReturnValue:&null];
}
- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)selector {
return [NSObject instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:@selector(init)];
}
- (BOOL)respondsToSelector:(SEL)aSelector {
return [_target respondsToSelector:aSelector];
}
- (BOOL)isEqual:(id)object {
return [_target isEqual:object];
}
- (NSUInteger)hash {
return [_target hash];
}
- (Class)superclass {
return [_target superclass];
}
- (Class)class {
return [_target class];
}
- (BOOL)isKindOfClass:(Class)aClass {
return [_target isKindOfClass:aClass];
}
- (BOOL)isMemberOfClass:(Class)aClass {
return [_target isMemberOfClass:aClass];
}
- (BOOL)conformsToProtocol:(Protocol *)aProtocol {
return [_target conformsToProtocol:aProtocol];
}
- (BOOL)isProxy {
return YES;
}
- (NSString *)description {
return [_target description];
}
- (NSString *)debugDescription {
return [_target debugDescription];
}
@end
使用案例:
- (void)initTimer {
YYWeakProxy *proxy = [YYWeakProxy proxyWithTarget:self];
_timer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:0.1 target:proxy selector:@selector(tick:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
}
//至于具体的原理,让NSTimer定时中的方法由YYWeakProxy转发给VC执行.可是NStimer持有的却不是VC.这样就不会循环引用.复制代码
你们应该知道,NSTimer的精确度通常能达到1ms,也就是小于1毫秒时,偏差会很大,那么如何建立一个偏差很小,甚至没有偏差的定时器呢
纳秒级精度的Timer.net
#include <mach mach.h="">
#include <mach mach_time.h="">
static const uint64_t NANOS_PER_USEC = 1000ULL;
static const uint64_t NANOS_PER_MILLISEC = 1000ULL * NANOS_PER_USEC;
static const uint64_t NANOS_PER_SEC = 1000ULL * NANOS_PER_MILLISEC;
static mach_timebase_info_data_t timebase_info;
static uint64_t nanos_to_abs(uint64_t nanos) {
return nanos * timebase_info.denom / timebase_info.numer;
}
void waitSeconds(int seconds) {
mach_timebase_info(&timebase_info);
uint64_t time_to_wait = nanos_to_abs(seconds * NANOS_PER_SEC);
uint64_t now = mach_absolute_time();
mach_wait_until(now + time_to_wait);
}</mach></mach>
//理论上这是iPhone上最精准的定时器,能够达到纳秒级别的精度复制代码
CADisplayLink线程
CADisplayLink * displayLink = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget:self selector:@selector(logInfo)];
[displayLink addToRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
//CADisplayLink是一个频率能达到屏幕刷新率的定时器类。iPhone屏幕刷新频率为60帧/秒,也就是说最小间隔能够达到1/60s。复制代码
GCD定时器debug
NSTimeInterval interval = 1.0;
_timer = dispatch_source_create(DISPATCH_SOURCE_TYPE_TIMER, 0, 0, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0));
dispatch_source_set_timer(_timer, dispatch_walltime(NULL, 0), interval * NSEC_PER_SEC, 0);
dispatch_source_set_event_handler(_timer, ^{
NSLog(@"GCD timer test");
});
dispatch_resume(_timer);
//RunLoop是dispatch_source_t实现的timer,因此理论上来讲,GCD定时器的精度比NSTimer只高不低。复制代码
参考资料: