【小白视角】大数据基础实践(四) 分布式数据库HBase的经常使用操做

这是我参与 8 月更文挑战的第 6 天，活动详情查看： 8月更文挑战java

1. 环境配置

⚫ 操做系统：Linux（建议 Ubuntu18.04）；shell

⚫ Hadoop 版本：3.1.3；apache

⚫ JDK 版本：1.8；编程

⚫ Java IDE：IDEA；markdown

⚫ Hadoop 伪分布式配置分布式

⚫ HBase1.1.5oop

2. 操做步骤：

2.1 环境搭建

解压压缩包

重命名并把权限赋予用户

配置环境变量

注意一点启动完hadoop以后才能启动hbase

进入shell

2.2 Hbase Shell

利用Hbase Shell命令完成如下任务，截图要求包含所执行的命令以及命令运行的结果：表student_xxx: 表teacher_xxx （1）建立Hbase数据表student_xxx和teacher_xxx（表名称以姓名首字母结尾）； post

（2）向student_xxx表中插入数据； spa

（3）分别查看student_xxx表全部数据、指定时间戳、指定时间戳范围的数据；全部数据操作系统

指定时间戳

指定时间戳范围

（4）更改teacher_xxx表的username的VERSIONS>=6，并参考下面teacher表插入数据查看Hbase中全部表；

（5）查看teacher_xxx表特定VERSIONS范围内的数据；

（6）使用除ValueFilter之外的任意一个过滤器查看teacher_xxx表的值； rowkey为20开头的值

（7）删除Hbase表中的数据；

查看删除前

删除Sage

查看没有Sage了

（8）删除Hbase中的表；经过hbase shell删除一个表，首先须要将表禁用，而后再进行删除，命令以下：

disable 'tablename'
drop 'tablename'
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检验是否存在

2.3 Java Api

利用Java API编程实现Hbase的相关操做，要求在实验报告中附上完整的源代码以及程序运行先后的Hbase表和数据的状况的截图：导入所须要的jar包 callrecord_xxx表

（1）建立Hbase中的数据表callrecord_xxx（表名称以姓名拼音首字母结尾）；

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
   import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
   import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
   import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
   import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
   import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
   import java.io.IOException;

   public class Create {
       public static Configuration configuration;
       public static Connection connection;
       public static Admin admin;
       //创建链接
       public static void init(){
           configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
           configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
           try{
               connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
               admin = connection.getAdmin();
           }catch (IOException e){
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
       //关闭链接
       public static void close(){
           try{
               if(admin != null){
                   admin.close();
               }
               if(null != connection){
                   connection.close();
               }
           }catch (IOException e){
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }

       public static void CreateTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
           if (admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName))) {
               System.out.println("Table Exists!!!");
           }
           else{
               HTableDescriptor tableDesc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
               tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("baseinfo"));
               tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("baseinfo.calltime"));
               tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("baseinfo.calltype"));
               tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("baseinfo.phonebrand"));
               tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("baseinfo.callplace"));
               tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("baseinfo.callsecond"));
               admin.createTable(tableDesc);
               System.out.println("Create Table Successfully .");
           }
       }

       public static void main(String[] args) {
           String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
           try {
               init();
               CreateTable(tableName);
               close();
           } catch (Exception e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }


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（2）向Hbase表中插入以下数据；

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Insert {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    //创建链接
    public static void init(){
        configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try{
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //关闭链接
    public static void close(){
        try{
            if(admin != null){
                admin.close();
            }
            if(null != connection){
                connection.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void InsertRow(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily, String col, String val) throws IOException {
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
        put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
        System.out.println("Insert Data Successfully");
        table.put(put);
        table.close();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
        String[] RowKeys = {
                "16920210616-20210616-1",
                "18820210616-20210616-1",
                "16920210616-20210616-2",
                "16901236367-20210614-1",
                "16920210616-20210614-1",
                "16901236367-20210614-2",
                "16920210616-20210614-2",
                "17720210616-20210614-1",
        };
        String[] CallTimes = {
                "2021-06-16 14:12:16",
                "2021-06-16 14:13:16",
                "2021-06-16 14:23:16",
                "2021-06-14 09:13:16",
                "2021-06-14 10:23:16",
                "2021-06-14 11:13:16",
                "2021-06-14 12:23:16",
                "2021-06-14 16:23:16",
        };
        String[] CallTypes = {
                "call",
                "call",
                "called",
                "call",
                "called",
                "call",
                "called",
                "called",
        };
        String[] PhoneBrands = {
                "vivo",
                "Huawei",
                "Vivo",
                "Huawei",
                "Vivo",
                "Huawei",
                "Vivo",
                "Oppo",
        };
        String[] CallPlaces = {
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
                "Fuzhou",
        };
        String[] CallSeconds = {
                "66",
                "96",
                "136",
                "296",
                "16",
                "264",
                "616",
                "423",
        };
        try {
            init();
            int i = 0;
            while (i < RowKeys.length){
                InsertRow(tableName, RowKeys[i], "baseinfo", "calltime", CallTimes[i]);
                InsertRow(tableName, RowKeys[i], "baseinfo", "calltype", CallTypes[i]);
                InsertRow(tableName, RowKeys[i], "baseinfo", "phonebrand", PhoneBrands[i]);
                InsertRow(tableName, RowKeys[i], "baseinfo", "callplace", CallPlaces[i]);
                InsertRow(tableName, RowKeys[i], "baseinfo", "callsecond", CallSeconds[i]);
                i++;
            }
            close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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（3）获取Hbase某张表的全部数据，并返回查询结果；

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class List {
   public static Configuration configuration;
   public static Connection connection;
   public static Admin admin;
   //创建链接
   public static void init(){
       configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
       configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
       try{
           connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
           admin = connection.getAdmin();
       }catch (IOException e){
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
   //关闭链接
   public static void close(){
       try{
           if(admin != null){
               admin.close();
           }
           if(null != connection){
               connection.close();
           }
       }catch (IOException e){
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   public static void GetData(String tableName)throws IOException{
       Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
       Scan scan = new Scan();
       ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
       for(Result result:scanner)
       {
           ShowCell((result));
       }
   }

   public static void ShowCell(Result result){
       Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
       for(Cell cell:cells){
           System.out.println("RowName:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+" ");
           System.out.println("Timetamp:"+cell.getTimestamp()+" ");
           System.out.println("column Family:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" ");
           System.out.println("column Name:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" ");
           System.out.println("value:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))+" ");
           System.out.println();
       }

   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
       try {
           init();
           GetData(tableName);
           close();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();

       }
   }
}
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（4）删除Hbase表中的某条或者某几条数据，并查看删除先后表中的数据状况；

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class DeleteData {
   public static Configuration configuration;
   public static Connection connection;
   public static Admin admin;
   //创建链接
   public static void init(){
       configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
       configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
       try{
           connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
           admin = connection.getAdmin();
       }catch (IOException e){
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
   //关闭链接
   public static void close(){
       try{
           if(admin != null){
               admin.close();
           }
           if(null != connection){
               connection.close();
           }
       }catch (IOException e){
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   public static void DeleteRow(String tableName,String rowKey) throws IOException {
       Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
       table.delete(new Delete(rowKey.getBytes()));
       System.out.println("Delete Data Successfully");
       table.close();
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
       try {
           init();
           DeleteRow(tableName, "17720210616-20210614-1 ");
           close();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
}

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（5）实现给现有的表增长一个列族（如family_xxx），在hbase shell使用describe命令查看先后表的信息；

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Append {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    //创建链接
    public static void init(){
        configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try{
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //关闭链接
    public static void close(){
        try{
            if(admin != null){
                admin.close();
            }
            if(null != connection){
                connection.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void AddRow(String tableName, String rowName) throws IOException {
        TableName table = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
        admin.disableTable(table);          // 关闭表
        HTableDescriptor tableDesc = admin.getTableDescriptor(table);
        HColumnDescriptor family = new HColumnDescriptor(rowName);    //新增列族
        tableDesc.addFamily(family);
        admin.addColumn(table, family);
        admin.enableTableAsync(table);      //打开表
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
        try {
            init();
            AddRow(tableName, "baseinfo.family_zqc");
            System.out.println("Append Successfully");
            close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

        }
    }
}
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（6）实现给新增长的列族按自增方式存放数据；

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;

public class AddItSelt {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    //创建链接
    public static void init(){
        configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try{
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //关闭链接
    public static void close(){
        try{
            if(admin != null){
                admin.close();
            }
            if(null != connection){
                connection.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void Incr(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily, String col, int step) throws IOException {
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        //incrementColumnValue(行号,列族,列,步长)
        table.incrementColumnValue(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey),Bytes.toBytes(colFamily), Bytes.toBytes(col),step);
        System.out.println("Incr Successfully");
        table.close();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
        try {
            init();
            Incr(tableName, "18820210616-20210616-1", "baseinfo", "family_zqc", 1);
            close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

        }
    }
}
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（7）删除表，并在Hbase Shell中使用命令查看删除先后hbase中全部表；数据表（callrecord_xxx）：

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

public class DeleteTable {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    //创建链接
    public static void init(){
        configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try{
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //关闭链接
    public static void close(){
        try{
            if(admin != null){
                admin.close();
            }
            if(null != connection){
                connection.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void DeleteTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
        TableName t = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
        if (admin.tableExists(t)) {
            admin.disableTable(t);
            admin.deleteTable(t);   // 先关闭才能删除
            System.out.println("table:"+tableName+"was deleted successfully");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String tableName = "callrecord_zqc";
        try {
            init();
            DeleteTable(tableName);
            close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

        }
    }
}

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3. 结论

但愿读者不要直接复制代码，代码能够直接复制，知识不能。想学好仍是本身多推敲一下代码的结构流程。

最后

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