MySQL 数据热备份

       mysqlhotcopy使用lock tables、flush tables和cp或scp来快速备份数据库.它是备份数据库或单个表最快的途径,彻底属于物理备份,但只能运行在数据库目录所在的机器上.

与mysqldump备份不一样,mysqldump属于逻辑备份,备份时是执行的sql。

 

1、centos 7 mysqlhotcopy 安装

[root@localhost ~]# yum install perl-DBD* -y

 

2、备份

[root@localhost ~]# /bin/mysqlhotcopy -u root -p '' --addtodest mysqlname /opt/sql_back/

 

3、还原

[root@localhost~]# cp -arp /opt/sql_back/mysqlname /var/lib/mysql/        --将备份的数据移到mysql数据根目录

 

4、备份脚本

1.添加定时执行。

#每一小时进行mysql的备份
0 * * * *  /data/shell/mysql_hotbackup.sh

 

2. 备份脚本

#!/bin/bash

HOST="192.168.1.128"
USER="root"
PASSWORD="root"
BACKUP_PARENT_DIR="/data/backup/";
BACKUP_DIR_NAME="mysql_data"


CURRENT_DIR=$(pwd)
CURRENT_DAY=$(date +%Y%m%d%H)
DELETE_DAY=$(date -d "2 days ago" +%Y%m%d)



#这里面有两个参数，-A、-N，-A的含义是不去预读所有数据表信息，这样能够解决在数据表不少的时候卡死的问题
#-N，很简单，Don't write column names in results，获取的数据信息省去列名称
MYSQL="mysql -h${HOST} -u${USER} -p${PASSWORD} --default-character-set=utf8 -A -N"

sql="SHOW DATABASES;"
result="$($MYSQL -e "$sql")"

#dump_data=./data.user.txt
#>$dump_data
#echo -e "$result" > $dump_data
##这里要额外注意，echo -e "$result" > $dump_data的时候必定要加上双引号，不让导出的数据会挤在一行


db_name_str=$(echo ${result} | sed 's/ /,/g' | sed 's/\n//g' | sed 's/-/@002d/g')


OLD_IFS="$IFS"
IFS=","
db_name_array=($db_name_str)
IFS="$OLD_IFS"


echo "Start MySql Hot Backup......";
echo ""
echo ""

#进入备份目录
echo "cd ${BACKUP_PARENT_DIR}";
cd ${BACKUP_PARENT_DIR}


#建立myql备份目录
echo ""
echo "mkdir MySql backup dir: ${BACKUP_DIR_NAME}"
mkdir -p ${BACKUP_DIR_NAME}



#备份数据
echo ""
echo ""
backup_dir=$(cd "${BACKUP_PARENT_DIR}/${BACKUP_DIR_NAME}/"; pwd)
for db_name in ${db_name_array[@]}
do
    ###跳过热备份
    if [ "$db_name"x = "information_schema"x ] || [ "$db_name"x = "performance_schema"x ] || [ "$db_name"x = "performance_schema"x ]; then
        continue
    fi
    
    echo "mysqlhotcopy -h ${HOST} -u ${USER} -p ${PASSWORD} --addtodest ${db_name} ${backup_dir}";
    mysqlhotcopy -h ${HOST} -u ${USER} -p ${PASSWORD} --addtodest ${db_name} ${backup_dir}
done


#压缩备份
echo ""
echo ""
echo "Current dir：$(pwd)"
echo ""
echo "Compress MySql backup data......"
echo "tar zcf ./mysql_data_${CURRENT_DAY}.tar.gz ${BACKUP_DIR_NAME}"
tar zcf "./mysql_data_${CURRENT_DAY}.tar.gz" ${BACKUP_DIR_NAME}
echo ""


#删除以前的备份
delete_file="./mysql_data_${DELETE_DAY}*.tar.gz"
echo "Delete MySql backup data of two days ago: ${delete_file}"
if [ -d "$delete_file" ]; 
then
    echo "不容许删除目录"
else
    echo "rm -rf ${delete_file}"
    rm -rf ${delete_file}
fi


#回到当前目录
echo ""
echo "Return to source directory:${CURRENT_DIR}";
cd ${CURRENT_DIR}

echo ""
echo ""
echo "MySql Hot Backup is Successfully !";



#https://blog.csdn.net/xfcy1990/article/details/52120581
#https://www.cnblogs.com/kissdodog/p/4174421.html
#https://www.cnblogs.com/fire909090/p/7202584.html
#https://blog.51cto.com/853056088/1952430
#https://www.cnblogs.com/jiayy/p/3766286.html

 

PS:

https://blog.csdn.net/xfcy1990/article/details/52120581
https://www.cnblogs.com/kissdodog/p/4174421.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/fire909090/p/7202584.html
https://blog.51cto.com/853056088/1952430
https://www.cnblogs.com/jiayy/p/3766286.html