该教程中，我将向你展现：如何在测试时设置spring boot 日志级别。虽然咱们能够在测试经过时忽略日志，可是若是须要诊断失败的测试，选择正确的日志级别是很是重要的。java

2.日志级别的重要性

正确设置日志级别能够节省咱们许多时间。举例来讲，若是测试在CI服务器上失败，但在开发服务器上时却经过了。咱们将没法诊断失败的测试，除非有足够的日志输出。为了获取正确数量的详细信息，咱们能够微调应用程序的日志级别，若是发现某个java包对咱们的测试更加剧要，能够给它一个更低的日志级别，好比DEBUG。相似地，为了不日志中有太多干扰，咱们能够为那些不过重要的包配置更高级别的日志级别，例如INFO或者ERROR。一块儿来探索设置日志级别的各类方法吧！git

3. application.properties中的日志设置

若是想要修改测试中的日志级别，咱们能够在src/test/resources/application.properties设置属性：github

logging.level.com.baeldung.testloglevel=DEBUG

该属性将会为指定的包com.baeldung.testloglevel设置日志级别。一样地，咱们能够经过设置root日志等级，更改全部包的日志级别web

logging.level.root=INFO

如今经过添加REST端点写入日志，来尝试下日志设置。spring

@RestController public class TestLogLevelController { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestLogLevelController.class); @Autowired private OtherComponent otherComponent; @GetMapping("/testLogLevel") public String testLogLevel() { LOG.trace("This is a TRACE log"); LOG.debug("This is a DEBUG log"); LOG.info("This is an INFO log"); LOG.error("This is an ERROR log"); otherComponent.processData(); return "Added some log output to console..."; } }

正如所料，若是咱们在测试中调用这个端点，咱们将能够看到来自TestLogLevelController的调试日志。shell

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

这样设置日志级别十分简单，若是测试用@SpringBootTest注解，那么咱们确定应该这样作。可是，若是不使用该注解，则必须以另外一种方式配置日志级别。服务器

3.1 基于Profile的日志设置

尽管将配置放在src\test\application.properties在大多数场景下好用，但在某些状况下，咱们可能但愿为一个或一组测试设置不一样的配置。在这种状况下，咱们可使用@ActiveProfiles注解向测试添加一个Spring Profile:app

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT, classes = TestLogLevelApplication.class) @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = SecurityAutoConfiguration.class) @ActiveProfiles("logging-test") public class TestLogLevelWithProfileIntegrationTest { // ... }

日志设置将会存在src/test/resources目录下的application-logging-test.properties中：spring-boot

logging.level.com.baeldung.testloglevel=TRACE
logging.level.root=ERROR

若是使用描述的设置调用TestLogLevelCcontroller，将看到controller中打印的TRACE级别日志，而且不会看到其余包出现INFO级别以上的日志。学习

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

4.配置Logback

若是使用Spring Boot默认的Logback,能够在src/test/resources目录下的logback-text.xml文件中设置日志级别：

<configuration>     <include resource="/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>     <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">         <encoder>             <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n             </pattern>         </encoder>     </appender>     <root level="error">         <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>     </root>     <logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="debug"/> </configuration>

以上例子如何在测试中为Logback配置日志级别。 root日志级别设置为INFO，com.baeldung.testloglevel包的日志级别设置为DEBUG。再来一次，看看提交以上配置后的日志输出状况

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

4.1 基于Profile配置Logback

另外一种配置指定Profile文件的方式就是在application.properties文件中设置logging.config属性：

logging.config=classpath:logback-testloglevel.xml

或者，若是想在classpath只有一个的Logback配置，能够在logbacl.xml使用springProfile属性。

<configuration>     <include resource="/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>     <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">         <encoder>             <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n             </pattern>         </encoder>     </appender>     <root level="error">         <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>     </root>     <springProfile name="logback-test1">         <logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="info"/>     </springProfile>     <springProfile name="logback-test2">         <logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="trace"/>     </springProfile> </configuration>

如今使用logback-test1配置文件调用TestLogLevelController，将会得到以下输出：

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

另外一方面，若是更改配置为logback-test2，输出将变成以下：

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

5.可选的Log4J

另外，若是咱们使用Log4J2，咱们能够在src\main\resources目录下的log4j2-spring.xml文件中配置日志等级。

<Configuration>     <Appenders>         <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">             <PatternLayout                     pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />         </Console>     </Appenders>       <Loggers>         <Logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="debug" />           <Root level="info">             <AppenderRef ref="Console" />         </Root>     </Loggers> </Configuration>

咱们能够经过application.properties中的logging.config属性来设置Log4J 配置的路径。

logging.config=classpath:log4j-testloglevel.xml

最后，查看使用以上配置后的输出：

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

6.结论

在本文中，咱们学习了如何在Spring Boot测试应用程序时设置日志级别，并探索了许多不一样的配置方法。在Spring Boot应用程序中使用application.properties设置日志级别是最简便的，尤为是当咱们使用@SpringBootTest注解时。与往常同样，这些示例的源代码都在GitHub上。

原文连接：www.baeldung.com/spring-boot…

做者：baeldung

译者：Leesen

Spring Boot 测试时的日志级别