一、zabbix特性简介
Zabbix可以监控网络和服务的监控状况. Zabbix利用灵活的告警机制，允许用户对事件发送基于Email的告警. 这样可以保证快速的对问题作出相应. Zabbix可以利用存储数据提供杰出的报告及图形化方式. 这一特性将帮助用户完成容量规划
二、本次实战环境
| 名称 | 主机名 | ip |
| zabbix server | server134 | 192.168.159.134 |
| zabbix agent | server135 | 192.168.159.135 |
三、服务器安装步骤
3.1、安装开发软件包及zabbix安装所依赖的软件包
[[email protected] ~]yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
[[email protected] ~]# yum install php-common php-odbc php-pear curl curl-devel perl-DBI php-xml ntpdate php-bcmath mysql httpd php-mysql mysql-server php php-gd ntpdate
3.2、同步服务端的时间，避免时间不同导致不可用的监控数据
[[email protected] ~]# ntpdate pool.ntp.org
8 Feb 18:41:20 ntpdate[2871]: step time server 85.199.214.100 offset 4.665038 sec
3.3、创建zabbix服务运行的用户和组
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -g 201 zabbix
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -g zabbix -u 201 -m zabbix
3.4、启动mysql、创建zabbix数据库、设置用户密码访问
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root -p
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'zabbix'@'%' identified by 'zishang77';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
因本文使用的是mysql5.7，MySQL默认开启了validate_password插件，进行密码验证，需要很强的密码强度才能通过认证此版本对密码的要求比较严格，本文做了如下调整
查阅官方文档后发现有以下三种密码策略：
| Policy | Tests Performed |
0 or LOW |
Length |
1 or MEDIUM |
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters |
2 or STRONG |
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file |
mysql> select @@validate_password_policy;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_policy |
+----------------------------+
| MEDIUM |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length | 8 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.08 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;#设置密码的策略为low
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0#设置指定了密码中大小字母的长度
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=2;#设置指定了密码中数据的长度
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;#设置密码中的特殊字符为0
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;#设置密码长度为6
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'zabbix'@'%' identified by 'zabbix';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.06 sec)
3.5、安装zabbix，并导入zabbix包中的数据到mysql的zabbix数据库中
[[email protected] mnt]# tar zxvf zabbix-2.4.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] mnt]# cd zabbix-2.4.8
[[email protected] mnt]# cd zabbix-2.4.8
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix<database/mysql/schema.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the commnd line interface can be insecure.
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix<database/mysql/p_w_picpaths.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix<database/mysql/data.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-mysql --with-ssh2 --enable-java
configure: error: MySQL library not found
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# yum install mysql-devel
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# make &&make install
3.6、Copy zabbixserver端跟agent端的启动脚本，并设置执行权限
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# cp misc/init.d/tru64/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# cp misc/init.d/tru64/zabbix_server /etc/init.d/
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_*
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# cp misc/init.d/tru64/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# cp misc/init.d/tru64/zabbix_server /etc/init.d/
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_*
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# mkdir /var/www/html/zabbix
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# cp -a frontends/php/* /var/www/html/zabbix/
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html/zabbix/
3.7、调整使用zabbix服务所需的php参数
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# vi /etc/php.ini
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
post_max_size = 32M
memory_limit = 128M
mbstring.func_overload = 0
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# service httpd restart
3.8、调整zabbix服务所需的参数
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBHost=192.168.159.134
DBName= zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
StartPollers=30 开启多线程数，一般不要超过30个
StartTrappers=20 trapper线程数
StartPingers=10 fping线程数
StartDiscoverers=120
ListenIP=0.0.0.0
MaxHousekeeperDelete=5000
CacheSize=128M 用来保存监控数据的缓存数，根据监控主机的数量适当调整
StartDBSyncers=8 数据库同步时间
HistoryCacheSize=128M
TrendCacheSize=128M 总趋势缓存大小
HistoryTextCacheSize=128M
AlertScriptsPath=/etc/zabbix/alertscripts
LogSlowQueries=1000
[[email protected] ~]# service httpd restart
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server start
3.8、图形化安装zabbix
http://192.168.159.134/zabbix/setup.php
四、server135客户端配置zabbix agent
4.1、agent端安装开发包、创建zabbix服务所需的用户和组：
[[email protected] ~]# yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -g 201 zabbix
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -g zabbix -u 201 -m zabbix
[
4.2、安装zabbix客户端、copy服务至/etc/init.d
[email protected] mnt]# tar zxvf zabbix-2.4.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] mnt]# cd zabbix-2.4.8
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# ./configure --sysconfdir=/etc/zabbix --enable-agent
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# make &&make install
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# cp misc/init.d/tru64/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd
4.3、修改zabbix_agentd.conf的参数，并启动。
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=192.168.159.134 填写Server的IP地址
ServerActive=192.168.159.134:10051 修改为Server的IP地址+端口号
Hostname=192.168.159.134 填写本机的HostName,注意Server端要能解析
UnsafeUserParameters=1 是否允许自定义的key,1为允许，0为不允许
Include= /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/ 自定义的agentd配置文件(key)可以在这里面写；
[[email protected] zabbix-2.4.8]# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd start