Spring Boot 单元测试（IDEA自动生成测试类、MockMvc）
一、IDEA自动生成测试类
1.安装插件JUnitGenerator V2.0
File---->Settings---->Browse Repositories
2.安装好后把JUnit和JUnitGenerator V2.0一起勾上
3.配置插件
把package上test.前缀去掉
配置测试类生成的地址
${SOURCEPATH}/../../test/java/${PACKAGE}/${FILENAME}
4.对着要生成的类
二、测试service类
package com.sid.service.impl;
import com.sid.service.UserService;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
/**
* @Description: Service层单元测试 启动了服务
* @Param:
* @return:
* @Author: Sid
* @Date: 2018-10-24 13:53
* @since: 1.0
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserServiceImplTest {
/**
* @Description: 直接测试service 用IOC注入进来 这样run的时候会先启动springboot项目
* @Param:
* @return:
* @Author: Sid
* @Date: 2018-10-24 13:42
* @since: 1.0
*/
@Autowired
UserService userService;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
@Test
public void set() {
userService.set("sid:test:string:key:","lalala");
String value = userService.get("sid:test:string:key:");
Assert.assertEquals("lalala",value);
//可以只使用 assertThat 一个断言语句，结合 Hamcrest 提供的匹配符，就可以表达全部的测试思想
//引入import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
Assert.assertThat(value,is("lalala"));
}
}
三、测试Controller类
有两种方法，1可以跟上面一样用@Autowired把Controller注入进来然后调用Controller的方法。参照上方，这里不介绍。
2.用MockMvc模拟完整的HTTP请求
package com.sid.controller;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockHttpServletRequestBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
/**
* @Description: Controller层单元测试 注入Spring 上下文的环境到 MockMvc 中 测试时会启动项目
* @Param:
* @return:
* @Author: Sid
* @Date: 2018-10-24 13:45
* @since: 1.0
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserControllerTest {
/**
* @Description: 使用MockMvc 模拟HTTP请求 来测试controller
* MockMvc实现了对Http请求的模拟，能够直接使用网络的形式，转换到Controller的调用，
* 这样可以使得测试速度快、不依赖网络环境，而且提供了一套验证的工具，这样可以使得请求的验证统一而且很方便。
*
* // 模拟MVC对象，通过MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build()初始化。
* @Param:
* @return:
* @Author: Sid
* @Date: 2018-10-24 13:43
* @since: 1.0
*/
private MockMvc mvc;
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac; // 注入WebApplicationContext
/**
* @Description: 直接注入userController 然后调用userController的方法来测试
* @Param:
* @return:
* @Author: Sid
* @Date: 2018-10-24 13:44
* @since: 1.0
*/
// @Autowired
// private UserController userController;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
//使用 WebApplicationContext 构建 MockMvc
this.mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
@Test
public void addUser() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/add")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
//form表单格式传参
.param("id", "4")
.param("name", "junit test")
.param("password", "111")
.param("mobilePhone", "18523980000")
.characterEncoding("utf-8")
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
ResultActions result = mvc.perform(requestBuilder);
MvcResult mvcResult = result.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果
System.out.println("response------------------:"+mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString());
}
@Test
public void deleteUser() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/delete")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
//form表单格式传参
.param("mobilePhone", "18523980000")
.characterEncoding("utf-8")
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
ResultActions result = mvc.perform(requestBuilder);
MvcResult mvcResult = result.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$").value(1))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果
System.out.println("response------------------:"+mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString());
}
@Test
public void updateUser() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/update")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
//form表单格式传参
.param("id", "1")
.param("name", "李沂桀")
.param("mobilePhone", "185")
.param("password", "5")
.characterEncoding("utf-8")
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
ResultActions result = mvc.perform(requestBuilder);
MvcResult mvcResult = result.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果
System.out.println("response------------------:"+mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString());
}
@Test
public void selectAll() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/selectAll")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
//form表单格式传参
.param("pageNum", "1")
.param("pageSize", "5")
.characterEncoding("utf-8")
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
ResultActions result = mvc.perform(requestBuilder);
MvcResult mvcResult = result.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("list").exists())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.list", notNullValue()))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.list[0].id", is(1)))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果
System.out.println("response------------------:"+mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString());
}
@Test
public void getUserByMobilePhone() throws Exception {
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/getUserByMobilePhone")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE)
//form表单格式传参
.param("mobilePhone", "18523980000")
.characterEncoding("utf-8")
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE);
ResultActions result = mvc.perform(requestBuilder);
MvcResult mvcResult = result.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$", notNullValue()))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", is("junit test")))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果
System.out.println("response------------------:"+mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString());
}
@Test
public void set() {
}
@Test
public void get() {
}
}