最近使用了Flutter的展现对话框的功能,踩了一点坑,顺便作下总结,方便各位之后少踩坑,若是有说错的地方,还请你们指出来。ios
下面将介绍对话框的几种场景和踩坑。git
对话框本质上是属于一个路由的页面route,由Navigator进行管理,因此控制对话框的显示和隐藏,也是调用Navigator.of(context)的push和pop方法。github
在Flutter中,对话框会有两种风格,调用showDialog()方法展现的是material风格的对话框,调用showCupertinoDialog()方法展现的是ios风格的对话框。 而这两个方法其实都会去调用showGeneralDialog()方法,能够从源码中看到最后是利用Navigator.of(context, rootNavigator: true).push()一个页面。bash
基本要传的参数:context上下文,builder用于建立显示的widget,barrierDismissible能够控制点击对话框之外的区域是否隐藏对话框。app
Future<T> showCupertinoDialog<T>({
@required BuildContext context,
@required WidgetBuilder builder,
});
Future<T> showDialog<T>({
@required BuildContext context,
bool barrierDismissible = true,
WidgetBuilder builder,
})
Future<T> showGeneralDialog<T>({
@required BuildContext context,
@required RoutePageBuilder pageBuilder,
bool barrierDismissible,
String barrierLabel,
Color barrierColor,
Duration transitionDuration,
RouteTransitionsBuilder transitionBuilder,
}) {
assert(pageBuilder != null);
assert(!barrierDismissible || barrierLabel != null);
return Navigator.of(context, rootNavigator: true).push<T>(_DialogRoute<T>(
pageBuilder: pageBuilder,
barrierDismissible: barrierDismissible,
barrierLabel: barrierLabel,
barrierColor: barrierColor,
transitionDuration: transitionDuration,
transitionBuilder: transitionBuilder,
));
}
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Flutter中的Dialog主要是SimpleDialog和AlertDialog。less
展现一个简单的SimpleDialog,代码以下:ide
void showMySimpleDialog(BuildContext context) {
showDialog(
context: context,
builder: (context) {
return new SimpleDialog(
title: new Text("SimpleDialog"),
children: <Widget>[
new SimpleDialogOption(
child: new Text("SimpleDialogOption One"),
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop("SimpleDialogOption One");
},
),
new SimpleDialogOption(
child: new Text("SimpleDialogOption Two"),
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop("SimpleDialogOption Two");
},
),
new SimpleDialogOption(
child: new Text("SimpleDialogOption Three"),
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop("SimpleDialogOption Three");
},
),
],
);
});
}
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展现一个简单的Material风格的AlertDialog,代码以下:学习
void showMyMaterialDialog(BuildContext context) {
showDialog(
context: context,
builder: (context) {
return new AlertDialog(
title: new Text("title"),
content: new Text("内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容"),
actions: <Widget>[
new FlatButton(
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop();
},
child: new Text("确认"),
),
new FlatButton(
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop();
},
child: new Text("取消"),
),
],
);
});
}
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展现一个简单的IOS风格的AlertDialog,代码以下:动画
void showMyCupertinoDialog(BuildContext context) {
showCupertinoDialog(
context: context,
builder: (context) {
return new CupertinoAlertDialog(
title: new Text("title"),
content: new Text("内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容内容"),
actions: <Widget>[
new FlatButton(
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop("点击了肯定");
},
child: new Text("确认"),
),
new FlatButton(
onPressed: () {
Navigator.of(context).pop("点击了取消");
},
child: new Text("取消"),
),
],
);
});
}
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构造对话框的时候,咱们都须要传一个content对象,来构造对话框的主要内容。通常状况下,若是content里面只是简单的一些内容,那问题不大,能够正常显示。 可是有时候,咱们须要展现一个列表对话框。这个时候,若是列表项比较多,就会出现一些问题。ui
当Column的列表项数据比较多的时候,屏幕已经放不了,就会出现overflow错误了,因此这个时候须要在外部嵌套一个SingleChildScrollView控件,使内部child控件能够滚动, 不会出现overflow错误。(哈哈,可使用下面的代码跑一跑,而后去掉SingleChildScrollView,对比运行结果)
void showMyDialogWithColumn(BuildContext context) {
showDialog(
context: context,
builder: (context) {
return new AlertDialog(
title: new Text("title"),
content: new SingleChildScrollView(
child: new Column(
children: <Widget>[
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
),
],
),
),
actions: <Widget>[
new FlatButton(
onPressed: () {},
child: new Text("确认"),
),
new FlatButton(
onPressed: () {},
child: new Text("取消"),
),
],
);
});
}
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要将ListView包装在具备特定宽度和高度的Container中。 若是Container没有定义这两个属性的话,会报错,没法显示ListView。(目前我也是这样解决的,不知道有没有人有其余更好的方法哈。) 报错以下:
void showMyDialogWithListView(BuildContext context) {
showDialog(
context: context,
builder: (BuildContext context) {
return new AlertDialog(
content: new Container(
/*
暂时的解决方法:要将ListView包装在具备特定宽度和高度的Container中
若是Container没有定义这两个属性的话,会报错,没法显示ListView
*/
width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width * 0.9,
height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height * 0.9,
child: new ListView.builder(
itemBuilder: (context, index) {
return new SizedBox(
height: 100,
child: new Text("1"),
);
},
itemCount: 10,
shrinkWrap: true,
),
));
},
);
//若是直接将ListView放在dialog中,会报错,好比
//下面这种写法会报错:I/flutter (10721): ══╡ EXCEPTION CAUGHT BY RENDERING LIBRARY ╞═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// I/flutter (10721): The following assertion was thrown during performLayout():
// I/flutter (10721): RenderShrinkWrappingViewport does not support returning intrinsic dimensions.
// I/flutter (10721): Calculating the intrinsic dimensions would require instantiating every child of the viewport, which
// I/flutter (10721): defeats the point of viewports being lazy.
// I/flutter (10721): If you are merely trying to shrink-wrap the viewport in the main axis direction, you should be able
// I/flutter (10721): to achieve that effect by just giving the viewport loose constraints, without needing to measure its
// I/flutter (10721): intrinsic dimensions.
// I/flutter (10721):
// I/flutter (10721): When the exception was thrown, this was the stack:
// I/flutter (10721): #0 RenderShrinkWrappingViewport.debugThrowIfNotCheckingIntrinsics.<anonymous closure> (package:flutter/src/rendering/viewport.dart:1544:9)
// I/flutter (10721): #1 RenderShrinkWrappingViewport.debugThrowIfNotCheckingIntrinsics (package:flutter/src/rendering/viewport.dart:1554:6)
// I/flutter (10721): #2 RenderViewportBase.computeMaxIntrinsicWidth (package:flutter/src/rendering/viewport.dart:321:12)
// I/flutter (10721): #3 RenderBox._computeIntrinsicDimension.<anonymous closure> (package:flutter/src/rendering/box.dart:1109:23)
// I/flutter (10721): #4 __InternalLinkedHashMap&_HashVMBase&MapMixin&_LinkedHashMapMixin.putIfAbsent (dart:collection/runtime/libcompact_hash.dart:277:23)
// I/flutter (10721): #5 RenderBox._computeIntrinsicDimension (package:flutter/src/rendering/box.dart:1107:41)
// I/flutter (10721): #6 RenderBox.getMaxIntrinsicWidth (package:flutter/src/rendering/box.dart:1291:12)
// I/flutter (10721): #7 _RenderProxyBox&RenderBox&RenderObjectWithChildMixin&RenderProxyBoxMixin.computeMaxIntrinsicWidth (package:flutter/src/rendering/proxy_box.dart:81:20)
// showDialog(context: context, builder: (context) {
// return new AlertDialog(title: new Text("title"),
// content: new SingleChildScrollView(
// child: new Container(
// height: 200,
// child: new ListView.builder(
// itemBuilder: (context, index) {
// return new SizedBox(height: 100, child: new Text("1"),);
// }, itemCount: 10, shrinkWrap: true,),
// ),
// ),
// actions: <Widget>[
// new FlatButton(onPressed: () {}, child: new Text("确认"),),
// new FlatButton(onPressed: () {}, child: new Text("取消"),),
// ],);
// });
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利用StatefulBuilder来实现一些对话框场景,须要对话框动态更新界面的。
好比在对话框里面显示一个checkbox,而后点击会修改checkbox的显示状态。若是是跟以前同样的实现对话框方法, 是没法实现动态去刷新对话框的界面的。
StatefulBuilder能够包含一个child,具备状态,能够调用setState刷新界面。
builder参数,用于建立想要显示的widget,能够调用StateSetter类型的setState参数来进行刷新界面。
typedef StatefulWidgetBuilder = Widget Function(BuildContext context, StateSetter setState);
const StatefulBuilder({
Key key,
@required this.builder
}) : assert(builder != null),
super(key: key);
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实例的代码以下:
void showMyDialogWithStateBuilder(BuildContext context) {
showDialog(
context: context,
builder: (context) {
bool selected = false;
return new AlertDialog(
title: new Text("StatefulBuilder"),
content:
new StatefulBuilder(builder: (context, StateSetter setState) {
return Container(
child: new CheckboxListTile(
title: new Text("选项"),
value: selected,
onChanged: (bool) {
setState(() {
selected = !selected;
});
}),
);
}),
);
});
}
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好比我想显示一个菊花的loading加载框,那么用上面的方法都是行不通的。这个时候就须要咱们去自定义一个对话框。
首先咱们能够先去看一下Dialog的源码实现,而后只需再照着源码的实现,修改一下就好了。大部分代码是保持一致的,因此 对话框的显示效果好比动画,主题都是一致的。
下面是Dialog源码中的build方法实现。简单的修改下child属性所传的参数就好了。
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
final DialogTheme dialogTheme = DialogTheme.of(context);
return AnimatedPadding(
padding: MediaQuery.of(context).viewInsets + const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 40.0, vertical: 24.0),
duration: insetAnimationDuration,
curve: insetAnimationCurve,
child: MediaQuery.removeViewInsets(
removeLeft: true,
removeTop: true,
removeRight: true,
removeBottom: true,
context: context,
//因此咱们其实只须要修改child这个属性了,改为咱们想要展现的widget就好了。
child: Center(
child: ConstrainedBox(
constraints: const BoxConstraints(minWidth: 280.0),
child: Material(
elevation: 24.0,
color: _getColor(context),
type: MaterialType.card,
child: child,
shape: shape ?? dialogTheme.shape ?? _defaultDialogShape,
),
),
),
),
);
}
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下面是一个自定义加载框Dialog的例子,就是将AlertDialog的源码进行刚才所说的修改就好了。
void showMyCustomLoadingDialog(BuildContext context) {
showDialog(
context: context,
barrierDismissible: false,
builder: (context) {
return new MyCustomLoadingDialog();
});
}
class MyCustomLoadingDialog extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
Duration insetAnimationDuration = const Duration(milliseconds: 100);
Curve insetAnimationCurve = Curves.decelerate;
RoundedRectangleBorder _defaultDialogShape = RoundedRectangleBorder(
borderRadius: BorderRadius.all(Radius.circular(2.0)));
return AnimatedPadding(
padding: MediaQuery.of(context).viewInsets +
const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 40.0, vertical: 24.0),
duration: insetAnimationDuration,
curve: insetAnimationCurve,
child: MediaQuery.removeViewInsets(
removeLeft: true,
removeTop: true,
removeRight: true,
removeBottom: true,
context: context,
child: Center(
child: SizedBox(
width: 120,
height: 120,
child: Material(
elevation: 24.0,
color: Theme.of(context).dialogBackgroundColor,
type: MaterialType.card,
//在这里修改为咱们想要显示的widget就好了,外部的属性跟其余Dialog保持一致
child: new Column(
mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
new CircularProgressIndicator(),
Padding(
padding: const EdgeInsets.only(top: 20),
child: new Text("加载中"),
),
],
),
shape: _defaultDialogShape,
),
),
),
),
);
}
}
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最近弄了个学习Flutter的公众号(入魔的冬瓜),一部分是搬砖一些国外文章再加些本身的理解,一部分是本身平时的总结。
但愿与你们在2019一块儿学习,共同进步!
祝你们狗年快乐!