poj 3254 Corn Fields

http://poj.org/problem?id=3254ios

Corn Fields
Time Limit: 2000MS   Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 9118   Accepted: 4843

Descriptionide

Farmer John has purchased a lush new rectangular pasture composed of M by N (1 ≤ M ≤ 12; 1 ≤ N ≤ 12) square parcels. He wants to grow some yummy corn for the cows on a number of squares. Regrettably, some of the squares are infertile and can't be planted. Canny FJ knows that the cows dislike eating close to each other, so when choosing which squares to plant, he avoids choosing squares that are adjacent; no two chosen squares share an edge. He has not yet made the final choice as to which squares to plant.spa

Being a very open-minded man, Farmer John wants to consider all possible options for how to choose the squares for planting. He is so open-minded that he considers choosing no squares as a valid option! Please help Farmer John determine the number of ways he can choose the squares to plant.code

Inputblog

Line 1: Two space-separated integers:  M and  N 
Lines 2.. M+1: Line  i+1 describes row  i of the pasture with  N space-separated integers indicating whether a square is fertile (1 for fertile, 0 for infertile)

Outputthree

Line 1: One integer: the number of ways that FJ can choose the squares modulo 100,000,000.

Sample Inputip

2 3
1 1 1
0 1 0

Sample Outputget

9

Hintstring

Number the squares as follows:
1 2 3
  4  

There are four ways to plant only on one squares (1, 2, 3, or 4), three ways to plant on two squares (13, 14, or 34), 1 way to plant on three squares (134), and one way to plant on no squares. 4+3+1+1=9.

Sourceit

 
 
分析;
状态压缩dp 。

农夫FJ有一块n行m列的矩形土地, 有的土地是肥沃的,能够在这些土地上放牛(用1表示),有的土地不能放牛(用0表示),并且相邻的能够放牛的格子不能同时有牛,问FJ一共有多少种放牛的方案(一头牛都不放也是一种方案)。

分析:以样例为例,咱们能够一行一行的考虑。假如对于每一行,用1表示放牛,0表示不放牛,

第一行的状态为:000001010011(舍弃) 100101110(舍弃)111(舍弃)

符合题意的状态只有5个,因此第一行有5种方案。

第二行的状态为:000010

可是第二行中的010和第一行中的010冲突,因此若是第二行状态为010时,共有4种方案;状态为000时,有5种方案,因此一共有4+5=9种方案。

分析完咱们会发现,对于每一行,均可以一个01串来表示这一行的状态,而这个状态能够用一个十进制整数来代替,也就是说,把这个状态压缩成了一个十进制整数,因此称为是状态压缩。

本题中,dp[i][j] 就表示第i行状态为j时的方案数。

状态压缩dp中最多见的就是位运算,由于位运算能够很方便的判断当前状态是否合法。

例如本题中判断第i行是否是有两块相邻的土地同时都有牛,假设当前状态为X,那么只须要判断X&(X>>1)或者X&(X<<1)的结果是否是0,

若是是0,说明没有相邻的,不然就说明有相邻的。

 
 
 
AC代码1:
 
 1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include<string.h>
 3 #include<vector>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 #define mod 100000000
 6 const int N = 1<<12 + 4;
 7 int dp[15][N], Map[15][15];
 8 int n, m;
 9 vector<int> vec[14];
10 int Pow(int a, int x) //2的X次方
11 {
12     int s = 1;
13     for(int i = 1; i <= x; i++)
14         s <<= 1;
15     return s;
16 }
17 int fun(int x) //求第X行的土地状态,0表示能够放牛,1表示不能放牛
18 {
19     int s = 0;
20     for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
21         s += (!Map[x][i]) * Pow(2, m-i);
22     return s;
23 }
24 int main()
25 {
26     int i, j;
27     while(~scanf("%d%d",&n,&m))
28     {
29         memset(dp, 0, sizeof(dp));
30         memset(vec, 0, sizeof(vec));
31         for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
32             for(j = 1; j <= m; j++)
33                 scanf("%d",&Map[i][j]);
34         vec[0].push_back(0);
35         int k = 1<<m;
36         for(i = 0; i < k; i++)
37             dp[0][i] = 1;
38         for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
39         {
40             int tmp = fun(i); //当前行的状态
41             for(j = 0; j < k; j++)
42             {
43                 if(j & (j>>1)) continue; //j的二进制表示中有两个相邻的1
44                 if(j & tmp) continue; //排除在当前行不符合条件的
45                 vec[i].push_back(j);
46             }
47             for(j = 0; j < vec[i].size(); j++) //排除和上一行冲突的
48             {
49                 int u = vec[i][j];
50                 for(int z = 0; z < vec[i-1].size(); z++)
51                 {
52                     int v = vec[i-1][z];
53                     if(u & v) continue;
54                     dp[i][u] = (dp[i][u] + dp[i-1][v]) % mod;
55                 }
56             }
57         }
58         int ans = 0;
59         for(i = 0; i < k; i++)
60             ans = (ans + dp[n][i]) % mod;
61         printf("%d\n",ans);
62     }
63     return 0;
64 }
View Code

 

 

AC代码2:

 

 1 /*   dp[i][j] 表示第i行状态为j时的合法状态数量 */
 2 
 3 #include <cstdio>
 4 #include <cstring>
 5 const int N = 13;
 6 #define mod 100000000
 7 int dp[N][1<<N];
 8 int beg[N];
 9 
10 bool checkA(int x) {  //判断本行是否合法
11     return !(x & (x >> 1));
12 }
13 
14 bool checkB(int a, int b) { //判断和上一行是否冲突
15     return !(a & b);
16 }
17 
18 int main() {
19     int n, m, t;
20     while(~scanf("%d%d", &n, &m)) {
21         memset(dp, 0, sizeof(dp));
22         memset(beg, 0, sizeof(beg));
23         for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
24             for(int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
25                 scanf("%d", &t);
26                 if(t) beg[i] = beg[i] | (1 << j);
27             }
28         }
29 
30         for(int i = 0; i < (1<<m); i++) //求出第一行的合法状态数目
31             if((beg[0]|i) == beg[0] && checkA(i))
32                 dp[0][i] = 1; 
33                 
34         for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
35             for(int j = 0; j < (1<<m); j++) {  //枚举本行状态
36                 if(((beg[i]|j) == beg[i]) && checkA(j)) {
37                     for(int k = 0; k < (1<<m); k++) { //枚举上一行的状态
38                         if(checkB(j, k)) //根据上一行递推出本行
39                             dp[i][j] = (dp[i][j] + dp[i-1][k]) % mod;
40                     }
41                 }
42             }
43         }
44         
45         int ans = 0;
46         for(int i = 0; i < (1<<m); i++)
47             ans = (ans + dp[n-1][i]) % mod;
48         printf("%d\n", ans);
49     }
50     return 0;
51 }
View Code

 

 

AC代码3:
 
 1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 #include<string.h>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 int n,m;
 6 int a[15][15],dp[15][1<<12],v[1<<12];
 7 const int mod=100000000;
 8 void init()
 9 {
10     int i,l=0;
11     for(i=0;i<(1<<12);i++)
12     {
13         if((i&i<<1)==0)//选出全部不相邻的状态
14             v[l++]=i;
15     }
16 }
17 int check(int x,int p)
18 {
19     for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)
20         if((p&1<<(i-1))&&!a[x][i])//不能放的地方放了
21             return 1;
22     return 0;
23 }
24 int main()
25 {
26     int i,j,k;
27     init();
28     while((scanf("%d %d",&n,&m))!=EOF)
29     {
30         for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
31             for(j=1;j<=m;j++)
32                 scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
33         memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
34         for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
35         {
36             for(j=0;v[j]<(1<<m);j++)
37             {
38                 if(check(i,v[j]))
39                     continue;
40                 if(i==1)
41                 {
42                     dp[i][j]=1;
43                     continue;
44                 }
45                 for(k=0;v[k]<(1<<m);k++)
46                 {
47                     if((v[j]&v[k])==0)//与上一行没有相邻的
48                         dp[i][j]+=dp[i-1][k];
49                 }
50             }
51         }
52         __int64 ans=0;
53         for(i=0;v[i]<(1<<m);i++)
54             ans=(ans+dp[n][i])%mod;
55         printf("%I64d\n",ans);
56     }
57     return 0;
58 }
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