httpclient

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本文连接：https://blog.csdn.net/w372426096/article/details/82713315
HttpClient相比传统JDK自带的URLConnection，增长了易用性和灵活性，它不只使客户端发送Http请求变得容易，并且也方便开发人员测试接口（基于Http协议的），提升了开发的效率，也方便提升代码的健壮性。所以熟练掌握HttpClient是很重要的必修内容，掌握HttpClient后，相信对于Http协议的了解会更加深刻。

org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient与org.apache.http.client.HttpClient的区别

Commons的HttpClient项目如今是生命的尽头，再也不被开发,  已被Apache HttpComponents项目HttpClient和HttpCore  模组取代，提供更好的性能和更大的灵活性。  

1、简介

HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持HTTP协议的客户端编程工具包，而且它支持HTTP协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient已经应用在不少的项目中，好比Apache Jakarta上很著名的另外两个开源项目Cactus和HTMLUnit都使用了HttpClient。

下载地址: http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi

2、特性

1. 基于标准、纯净的java语言。实现了Http1.0和Http1.1

2. 以可扩展的面向对象的结构实现了Http所有的方法（GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, and TRACE）。

3. 支持HTTPS协议。

4. 经过Http代理创建透明的链接。

5. 利用CONNECT方法经过Http代理创建隧道的https链接。

6. Basic, Digest, NTLMv1, NTLMv2, NTLM2 Session, SNPNEGO/Kerberos认证方案。

7. 插件式的自定义认证方案。

8. 便携可靠的套接字工厂使它更容易的使用第三方解决方案。

9. 链接管理器支持多线程应用。支持设置最大链接数，同时支持设置每一个主机的最大链接数，发现并关闭过时的链接。

10. 自动处理Set-Cookie中的Cookie。

11. 插件式的自定义Cookie策略。

12. Request的输出流能够避免流中内容直接缓冲到socket服务器。

13. Response的输入流能够有效的从socket服务器直接读取相应内容。

14. 在http1.0和http1.1中利用KeepAlive保持持久链接。

15. 直接获取服务器发送的response code和 headers。

16. 设置链接超时的能力。

17. 实验性的支持http1.1 response caching。

18. 源代码基于Apache License 可免费获取。

3、使用方法

使用HttpClient发送请求、接收响应很简单，通常须要以下几步便可。

1. 建立HttpClient对象。

2. 建立请求方法的实例，并指定请求URL。若是须要发送GET请求，建立HttpGet对象；若是须要发送POST请求，建立HttpPost对象。

3. 若是须要发送请求参数，可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HttpParams params)方法来添加请求参数；对于HttpPost对象而言，也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数。

4. 调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求，该方法返回一个HttpResponse。

5. 调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头；调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象，该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可经过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。

6. 释放链接。不管执行方法是否成功，都必须释放链接

相关jar包

commons-cli-1.2.jar
commons-codec-1.9.jar
commons-logging-1.2.jar
fluent-hc-4.5.1.jar
httpclient-4.5.1.jar
httpclient-cache-4.5.1.jar
httpclient-win-4.5.1.jar
httpcore-4.4.3.jar
httpcore-ab-4.4.3.jar
httpcore-nio-4.4.3.jar
httpmime-4.5.1.jar
jna-4.1.0.jar
jna-platform-4.1.0.jar
最简单post请求, 源自 http://my.oschina.net/xinxingegeya/blog/282683

package a;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class First {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("account", ""));
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", ""));
HttpEntity reqEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "utf-8");

RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectTimeout(5000)//1、链接超时：connectionTimeout-->指的是链接一个url的链接等待时间
.setSocketTimeout(5000)// 2、读取数据超时：SocketTimeout-->指的是链接上一个url，获取response的返回等待时间
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();

HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://cnivi.com.cn/login");
post.setEntity(reqEntity);
post.setConfig(requestConfig);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);

if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
String message = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "utf-8");
System.out.println(message);
} else {
System.out.println("请求失败");
}
}

}
4、实例

主文件

package com.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContexts;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HttpClientTest {
　　//方法见下........
}
HttpClientUtils工具类

package com.bobo.code.web.controller.technology.httpcomponents;


import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;

public class HttpClientUtils {

private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = null;
private static HttpClientBuilder httpBuilder = null;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;

private static int MAXCONNECTION = 10;

private static int DEFAULTMAXCONNECTION = 5;

private static String IP = "cnivi.com.cn";
private static int PORT = 80;

static {
//设置http的状态参数
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(5000)
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();

HttpHost target = new HttpHost(IP, PORT);
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(MAXCONNECTION);//客户端总并行连接最大数
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(DEFAULTMAXCONNECTION);//每一个主机的最大并行连接数
connectionManager.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(target), 20);
httpBuilder = HttpClients.custom();
httpBuilder.setConnectionManager(connectionManager);
}

public static CloseableHttpClient getConnection() {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = httpBuilder.build();
return httpClient;
}


public static HttpUriRequest getRequestMethod(Map<String, String> map, String url, String method) {
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet = map.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : entrySet) {
String name = e.getKey();
String value = e.getValue();
NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(name, value);
params.add(pair);
}
HttpUriRequest reqMethod = null;
if ("post".equals(method)) {
reqMethod = RequestBuilder.post().setUri(url)
.addParameters(params.toArray(new BasicNameValuePair[params.size()]))
.setConfig(requestConfig).build();
} else if ("get".equals(method)) {
reqMethod = RequestBuilder.get().setUri(url)
.addParameters(params.toArray(new BasicNameValuePair[params.size()]))
.setConfig(requestConfig).build();
}
return reqMethod;
}

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("account", "");
map.put("password", "");

HttpClient client = getConnection();
HttpUriRequest post = getRequestMethod(map, "http://cnivi.com.cn/login", "post");
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);

if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String message = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
System.out.println(message);
} else {
System.out.println("请求失败");
}
}
}
get方式

/**
* 发送 get请求
*/
public void get() {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
// 建立httpget.
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");
System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());
// 执行get请求.
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
// 获取响应实体
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
// 打印响应状态
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
if (entity != null) {
// 打印响应内容长度
System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
// 打印响应内容
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity));
}
System.out.println("------------------------------------");
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭链接,释放资源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
post方式 

/**
* 发送 post请求访问本地应用并根据传递参数不一样返回不一样结果
*/
public void post() {
// 建立默认的httpClient实例.
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 建立httppost
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");
// 建立参数队列
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "house"));
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
try {
uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭链接,释放资源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
post方式乱码补充　

若是有乱码,能够偿试使用 StringEntity 来替换HttpEntity:

StringEntity content =new StringEntity(soapRequestData.toString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));// 第二个参数，设置后才会对，内容进行编码
content.setContentType("application/soap+xml; charset=UTF-8");
content.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(content);
具体SOAP协议代码以下:

package com.isoftstone.core.service.impl;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Scanner;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.EntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;

import com.isoftstone.core.common.constant.RequestConstants;
import com.isoftstone.core.common.tools.XmlTool;
import com.isoftstone.core.service.intf.ServiceOfStringPara;
/**
*
*
*/
public class DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl implements ServiceOfStringPara {
private String serviceUrl = "http://10.30.0.35:7001/ZSInsUW/Auto/PricingService";

private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl.class.getName());

public String invoke(String sRequest) {

StringBuffer soapRequestData = new StringBuffer();
soapRequestData.append("<soapenv:Envelope");
soapRequestData.append(" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" ");
soapRequestData.append(" xmlns:prov=\"http://provider.webservice.zsins.dtt.com/\">");
soapRequestData.append(" <soapenv:Header/> ");
soapRequestData.append("<soapenv:Body>");
soapRequestData.append("<prov:executePrvPricing>");
soapRequestData.append("<arg0>");
soapRequestData.append("<![CDATA[" + sRequest + "]]>");
soapRequestData.append("</arg0>");
soapRequestData.append("</prov:executePrvPricing>");
soapRequestData.append(" </soapenv:Body>");
soapRequestData.append("</soapenv:Envelope>");

HttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(serviceUrl);

StringEntity content =new StringEntity(soapRequestData.toString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));// 第二个参数，设置后才会对，内容进行编码
content.setContentType("application/soap+xml; charset=UTF-8");
content.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(content);

//用下面的服务器端以UTF-8接收到的报文会乱码,缘由未知
// HttpEntity reqEntity = EntityBuilder.create().setContentType(
// ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN) // .TEXT_PLAIN
// .setText(soapRequestData.toString()).build();
// httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);
// httppost.addHeader("Content-Type",
// "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
HttpResponse response = null;
Document doc = null;
String returnXml = null;
String sentity = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
if (resEntity != null) {
sentity = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "UTF-8");
doc = XmlTool.getDocument(sentity, RequestConstants.ENCODE);
System.out.println(doc.toString());
Element eRoot = doc.getRootElement();
Element body = eRoot.getChild("Body", eRoot.getNamespace());
Element resp = (Element) body.getChildren().get(0);
Element returnele = resp.getChild("return");
returnXml = returnele.getText().toString();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
log.info("发送给系统的请求报文：\n" + soapRequestData.toString());
log.info("系统返回的响应报文：\n" + sentity);
log.info("返回给核心的的报文:\n" + returnXml);
}
return returnXml;
}


public String getServiceUrl() {
return serviceUrl;
}


public void setServiceUrl(String serviceUrl) {
this.serviceUrl = serviceUrl;
}


public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file = new File("D:/test.txt");
System.out.println(file.exists());

String temp2 = null;
StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file),"GBK");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
temp2 = br.readLine();

while( temp2 != null ){
sb2.append(temp2);
temp2 = br.readLine();
}
String sss = sb2.toString();
// System.out.println(sss.toString());
new DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl().invoke(sss);
}
}

 

post提交表单

/**
* post方式提交表单（模拟用户登陆请求）
*/
public void postForm() {
// 建立默认的httpClient实例.
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 建立httppost
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");
// 建立参数队列
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "admin"));
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456"));
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
try {
uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 关闭链接,释放资源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
文件上传

/**
* 上传文件
*/
public void upload() {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceFile.action");

FileBody bin = new FileBody(new File("F:\\image\\sendpix0.jpg"));
StringBody comment = new StringBody("A binary file of some kind", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);

HttpEntity reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("bin", bin).addPart("comment", comment).build();

httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);

System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
if (resEntity != null) {
System.out.println("Response content length: " + resEntity.getContentLength());
}
EntityUtils.consume(resEntity);
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ssl链接

/**
* HttpClient链接SSL
*/
public void ssl() {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(new File("d:\\tomcat.keystore"));
try {
// 加载keyStore d:\\tomcat.keystore
trustStore.load(instream, "123456".toCharArray());
} catch (CertificateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
instream.close();
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
}
// 相信本身的CA和全部自签名的证书
SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()).build();
// 只容许使用TLSv1协议
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext, new String[] { "TLSv1" }, null,
SSLConnectionSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
// 建立http请求(get方式)
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://localhost:8443/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");
System.out.println("executing request" + httpget.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(entity));
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (httpclient != null) {
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
关于RequestConfig的配置:  

源自:  

http://segmentfault.com/a/1190000000587944

http://blog.csdn.net/walkerjong/article/details/51710945

public void requestConfig(){
// 新建一个RequestConfig：
RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
//1、链接目标服务器超时时间：ConnectionTimeout-->指的是链接一个url的链接等待时间
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
//2、读取目标服务器数据超时时间：SocketTimeout-->指的是链接上一个url，获取response的返回等待时间
.setSocketTimeout(5000)
//3、从链接池获取链接的超时时间:ConnectionRequestTimeout
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();

// 这个超时能够设置为客户端级别,做为全部请求的默认值：
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
.setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)
.build();
// httpclient.execute(httppost);的时候可让httppost直接享受到httpclient中的默认配置.

// Request不会继承客户端级别的请求配置，因此在自定义Request的时候，须要将客户端的默认配置拷贝过去：
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.copy(defaultRequestConfig)
.setProxy(new HttpHost("myotherproxy", 8080))
.build();
httpget.setConfig(requestConfig);
// httpget能够单独地使用新copy的requestConfig请求配置,不会对别的request请求产生影响
}
httpGet或httpPost 的abort()和releaseConnection()差别

//httpPost.abort();//中断请求,接下来能够开始另外一段请求,因此我的理应,用这个应该能够在session中虚拟登陆
//httpPost.releaseConnection();//释放请求.若是释放了至关于要清空session
可知模拟登陆能够以下:  源自 http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390195343

package com.bms.core;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import com.bms.util.CommonUtil;

public class Test2 {

/**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws ClientProtocolException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
String body = "";
HttpResponse response;
HttpEntity entity;
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
entity = response.getEntity();
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);//这个就是页面源码了
httpGet.abort();//中断请求,接下来能够开始另外一段请求
System.out.println(body);
//httpGet.releaseConnection();//释放请求.若是释放了至关于要清空session
//如下是post方法
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.baidu.com");//必定要改为能够提交的地址,这里用百度代替
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "1"));//名值对
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("account", "xxxx"));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8));
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
entity = response.getEntity();
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
System.out.println("Login form get: " + response.getStatusLine());//这个能够打印状态
httpPost.abort();
System.out.println(body);
httpPost.releaseConnection();
}

}
源自  http://blog.csdn.net/wangpeng047/article/details/19624529#reply

其它相关资料: 非CloseableHttpClient  HTTPClient模块的HttpGet和HttpPost

HttpClient 4.3教程

httpclient异常状况分析

我项目中用到的HttpClientUtil (2016/12/17)

package com.isoftstone.pcis.isc.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import com.isoftstone.pcis.isc.util.ProperUtil;

public class HttpClientUtil {

private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;

static final int maxTotal=Integer.valueOf(ProperUtil.get("maxTotal")).intValue();//总最大链接数
static final int defaultMaxPerRoute=Integer.valueOf(ProperUtil.get("corePoolSize")).intValue();//每条线路最大链接数 = 本系统核心线程数 , 这样永远不会超过最大链接

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {

if (null == httpclient) {
synchronized (HttpClientUtil.class) {
if (null == httpclient) {
httpclient = getNewHttpClient();
}
}
}

return httpclient;
}

private static CloseableHttpClient getNewHttpClient() {


// 设置链接池
ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register("http", plainsf).register("https", sslsf).build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
// 配置最大链接数
cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
// 配置每条线路的最大链接数
cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(defaultMaxPerRoute);

// 请求重试处理
HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {
@Override
public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception,
int executionCount, HttpContext context) {
if (executionCount >= 2) {// 若是已经重试了2次，就放弃
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 若是服务器丢掉了链接，那么就重试
return true;
}
if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重试SSL握手异常
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超时
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目标服务器不可达
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {// 链接被拒绝
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手异常
return false;
}

HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();

if (!(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}

};

CloseableHttpClient newHttpclient=null;

newHttpclient = HttpClients.custom()
.setConnectionManager(cm)
// .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
.setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler)
.build();

return newHttpclient;
}
}
我本身整理的HttpClientTool

package com.isoftstone.core.util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InterruptedIOException; import java.net.UnknownHostException; import javax.net.ssl.SSLException; import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException; import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest; import org.apache.http.HttpHost; import org.apache.http.HttpRequest; import org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException; import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException; import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext; /** * org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient连接池生成工具 * @reference http://www.cnblogs.com/whatlonelytear/articles/4835538.html * @author King * @date 20170601 */ public class HttpClientTool { // org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null; // 这里就直接默认固定了,由于如下三个参数在新建的method中仍然能够从新配置并被覆盖. static final int connectionRequestTimeout = 5000;// ms毫秒,从池中获取连接超时时间 static final int connectTimeout = 5000;// ms毫秒,创建连接超时时间 static final int socketTimeout = 30000;// ms毫秒,读取超时时间 // 总配置,主要涉及是如下两个参数,若是要做调整没有用到properties会比较后麻烦,但鉴于一经粘贴,随处可用的特色,就再也不作依赖性配置化处理了. // 并且这个参数同一家公司基本不会变更. static final int maxTotal = 500;// 最大总并发,很重要的参数 static final int maxPerRoute = 100;// 每路并发,很重要的参数 // 正常状况这里应该配成MAP或LIST // 细化配置参数,用来对每路参数作精细化处理,能够管控各ip的流量,好比默认配置请求baidu:80端口最大100个并发连接, static final String detailHostName = "http://www.baidu.com";// 每一个细化配置之ip(不重要,在特殊场景颇有用) static final int detailPort = 80;// 每一个细化配置之port(不重要,在特殊场景颇有用) static final int detailMaxPerRoute = 100;// 每一个细化配置之最大并发数(不重要,在特殊场景颇有用) public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() { if (null == httpclient) { synchronized (HttpClientTool.class) { if (null == httpclient) { httpclient = init(); } } } return httpclient; } /** * 连接池初始化 这里最重要的一点理解就是. 让CloseableHttpClient 一直活在池的世界里, 可是HttpPost却一直用完就消掉. * 这样可让连接一直保持着. * * @return */ private static CloseableHttpClient init() { CloseableHttpClient newHttpclient = null; // 设置链接池 ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(); LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register("http", plainsf).register("https", sslsf).build(); PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry); // 将最大链接数增长 cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal); // 将每一个路由基础的链接增长 cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute); // 细化配置开始,其实这里用Map或List的for循环来配置每一个连接,在特殊场景颇有用. // 将每一个路由基础的链接作特殊化配置,通常用不着 HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost(detailHostName, detailPort); // 将目标主机的最大链接数增长 cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost), detailMaxPerRoute); // cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost2), // detailMaxPerRoute2);//能够有细化配置2 // cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost3), // detailMaxPerRoute3);//能够有细化配置3 // 细化配置结束 // 请求重试处理 HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() { @Override public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception, int executionCount, HttpContext context) { if (executionCount >= 2) {// 若是已经重试了2次，就放弃 return false; } if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 若是服务器丢掉了链接，那么就重试 return true; } if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重试SSL握手异常 return false; } if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超时 return false; } if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目标服务器不可达 return false; } if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {// 链接被拒绝 return false; } if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手异常 return false; } HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context); HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest(); // 若是请求是幂等的，就再次尝试 if (!(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest)) { return true; } return false; } }; // 配置请求的超时设置 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).build(); newHttpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler).build(); return newHttpclient; } } package com.alqsoft.utils; import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.URI;import java.net.URISyntaxException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.ParseException;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;import org.apache.http.config.Registry;import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieOrigin;import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpec;import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpecProvider;import org.apache.http.cookie.MalformedCookieException;import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BestMatchSpecFactory;import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpec;import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpecFactory;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; public class HttpClientObject { private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(HttpClientObject.class); private CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; private HttpResponse response; private HttpPost httpPost = null; private HttpGet httpGet = null; private String paramKey = ""; private String paramValue = ""; private String responseString; public void setParamKey(String paramKey) { this.paramKey = paramKey; } public void setParamValue(String paramValue) { this.paramValue = paramValue; } public String getResponseString() { return responseString; } public HttpClientObject() { this.getHttpClient(); } private List<NameValuePair> getRequestBody() { NameValuePair pair1 = new BasicNameValuePair(paramKey, paramValue); List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); pairList.add(pair1); return pairList; } public void submit() { try { if (httpPost != null) { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); httpPost = null; } if (httpGet != null) { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); httpGet = null; } this.response(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void response() { String result = ""; BufferedReader in = null; try { HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); responseString = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (Exception e2) { e2.printStackTrace(); } } } public void setPost(String httpUrl) { try { HttpEntity requestHttpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(this.getRequestBody()); httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl); httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "”application/json;charset=UTF-8"); httpPost.setEntity(requestHttpEntity); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public void setGet(String httpUrl) { httpGet = new HttpGet(httpUrl); httpGet.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); } private void getHttpClient() { BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CookieSpecProvider easySpecProvider = new CookieSpecProvider() { public CookieSpec create(HttpContext context) { return new BrowserCompatSpec() { @Override public void validate(Cookie cookie, CookieOrigin origin) throws MalformedCookieException {// Oh, I am easy } }; } }; Registry<CookieSpecProvider> r = RegistryBuilder.<CookieSpecProvider>create() .register(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH, new BestMatchSpecFactory()) .register(CookieSpecs.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY, new BrowserCompatSpecFactory()) .register("easy", easySpecProvider).build(); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec("easy") .setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieSpecRegistry(r) .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build(); } /** * httpclient发送http get请求； * * @return * @throws URISyntaxException * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ public static String sendGet(String uriPath, List<NameValuePair> ns) throws URISyntaxException, ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); URIBuilder uri = new URIBuilder(); uri.setPath(uriPath); uri.addParameters(ns); URI u = uri.build(); HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(u); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget); return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); } /** * httpclient发送http post请求； * * @return * @throws URISyntaxException * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ public static String sendPost(String uriPath, List<NameValuePair> ns) throws URISyntaxException, ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); URIBuilder uri = new URIBuilder(); uri.setPath(uriPath); uri.addParameters(ns); URI u = uri.build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(u); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); } } 使用方法以下： String signUrl= ”路径“； try{ List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs=new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("phone",phone)); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("xytId",String.valueOf(xytId))); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("balance",balance)); String result=HttpClientObject.sendPost(signUrl,nameValuePairs); logger.info("result: = "+result); JSONObject jsonObject=JSON.parseObject(result); Integer code=Integer.valueOf(jsonObject.getString("code")); if(code.equals(0)){ code1=0L; }else if(code.equals(1)){ code1=1L; }else if(code.equals(3)){ code1=3L; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } --------------------- 版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「Franco蜡笔小强」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 by-sa版权协议，转载请附上原文出处连接及本声明。原文连接：https://blog.csdn.net/w372426096/article/details/82713315