Spring默认标签有四种:bean、import、alias、beans,前面的文章已经讲述了bean标签的解析,这篇文章继续了解Spring中默认标签的解析—import标签的解析。java
对于Spring配置文件的编写,我想,经历过庞大项目的人,都有那种恐惧的心理,太多的配置文件了,不过,分模块是大多数人能想到的方法,可是,怎么分模块,那就仁者见仁智者见智了。使用import能够达到这个效果,例如咱们能够构造这样的Spring配置文件:spring
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <import resource="spring-student.xml"/> <import resource="spring-student-dtd.xml"/> </beans>
spring.xml文件中使用import的方式导入其余模块配置文件,若是有配置须要修改直接修改相应配置文件便可,如有新的模块须要引入直接新增import便可,这样大大简化了配置后期维护的复杂度,同时也易于管理。app
Spring是利用importBeanDefinitionResource()这个方法来解析import标签的:less
protected void importBeanDefinitionResource(Element ele) { //获取resource属性 String location = ele.getAttribute(RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTE); //若是不存在resource属性则不作任何处理 if (!StringUtils.hasText(location)) { getReaderContext().error("Resource location must not be empty", ele); return; } // 解析系统属性例如:"${user.dir}" location = getReaderContext().getEnvironment().resolveRequiredPlaceholders(location); Set<Resource> actualResources = new LinkedHashSet<>(4); //判断location是绝对URI仍是相对URI boolean absoluteLocation = false; try { absoluteLocation = ResourcePatternUtils.isUrl(location) || ResourceUtils.toURI(location).isAbsolute(); } catch (URISyntaxException ex) { // cannot convert to an URI, considering the location relative // unless it is the well-known Spring prefix "classpath*:" } // 若是是绝对URI if (absoluteLocation) { try { //根据地址加载对应的配置文件 int importCount = getReaderContext().getReader().loadBeanDefinitions(location, actualResources); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Imported " + importCount + " bean definitions from URL location [" + location + "]"); } } catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) { getReaderContext().error( "Failed to import bean definitions from URL location [" + location + "]", ele, ex); } } else { // 若是是相对URI则根据相对地址计算出绝对地址 try { int importCount; //这里先使用Resource的子类尝试解析 Resource relativeResource = getReaderContext().getResource().createRelative(location); if (relativeResource.exists()) { importCount = getReaderContext().getReader().loadBeanDefinitions(relativeResource); actualResources.add(relativeResource); } else { //子类解析不成功,则使用默认的解析器ResourcePatternResolver进行解析 String baseLocation = getReaderContext().getResource().getURL().toString(); importCount = getReaderContext().getReader().loadBeanDefinitions( StringUtils.applyRelativePath(baseLocation, location), actualResources); } if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Imported " + importCount + " bean definitions from relative location [" + location + "]"); } } catch (IOException ex) { getReaderContext().error("Failed to resolve current resource location", ele, ex); } catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) { getReaderContext().error( "Failed to import bean definitions from relative location [" + location + "]", ele, ex); } } Resource[] actResArray = actualResources.toArray(new Resource[0]); //解析后,进行监听器激活处理 getReaderContext().fireImportProcessed(location, actResArray, extractSource(ele)); }
配合上述代码的注释,整个import解析的过程比较的清晰,步骤大体以下:ide
(1)获取Resource属性所表示的路径。ui
(2)解析路径中的系统属性,格式如“${User.dir}”。spa
(3)判断location是绝对路径仍是相对路径。.net
(4)若是是绝对路径则递归调用bean解析过程,进行另外一次的解析。code
(5)若是是相对路径则计算出绝对路径再进行解析。xml
(6)通知监听器,解析完成。
上面解析import的代码是经过下面的这句代码来判断location是相对路径仍是绝对路径的:
absoluteLocation = ResourcePatternUtils.isUrl(location) || ResourceUtils.toURI(location).isAbsolute();
判断绝对路径的规则以下:
❤ 以classpath*:或者classpath: 开头为绝对路径;
❤ 可以经过该location构建出java.net.URL 为绝对路径;
❤ 根据location构造java.net.URI 判断调用 isAbsolute()判断是否为绝对路径;
绝对路径:
若是location为绝对路径,则调用在AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中的loadBeanDefinitions()方法:
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException { ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader(); if (resourceLoader == null) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException( "Cannot load bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available"); } if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) { // Resource pattern matching available. try { Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location); int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resources); if (actualResources != null) { Collections.addAll(actualResources, resources); } if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]"); } return count; } catch (IOException ex) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException( "Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex); } } else { // Can only load single resources by absolute URL. Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location); int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resource); if (actualResources != null) { actualResources.add(resource); } if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]"); } return count; } }
整个逻辑比较简单,首先获取ResourceLoader,而后根据不一样的ResourceLoader执行不一样的逻辑,主要是可能存在多个Resource,可是最终都会回归到XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(),因此这是一个递归的过程。
相对路径:
若是是相对路径则会根据相应的Resource计算出相应的绝对路径,而后根据该绝对路径构造一个Resource,若该Resource已经存在,则调用XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions()进行BeanDefinition加载,不然构造一个绝对的location,调用AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions()方法,与绝对路径同样。
至此,import标签的解析完毕,整个过程清晰明了:获取Resource属性值,获得正确的资源路径,而后调用loadBeanDefinitions()方法进行递归的BeanDefinition加载。
参考:《Spring源码深度解析》 郝佳 编著: